alibabacloud-waf-checkresponse-intercept-query

name

alibabacloud-waf-checkresponse-intercept-query

description

Diagnose why a request was blocked by Alibaba Cloud WAF. Retrieves block logs, identifies the triggering rule, and provides remediation guidance. Supports disabling problematic rules and managing WAF log collection settings. Use when users report being blocked by WAF, encounter 405/block error pages, see "Your request has been blocked" messages, or need to investigate and fix WAF interception issues. Trigger words: "WAF block query", "blocked by WAF", "405 troubleshooting", "request blocked", "checkresponse", "intercept query", "WAF拦截", "被WAF拦截", "disable WAF rule", "enable WAF log"

WAF CheckResponse Intercept Query

Prerequisites

Pre-check: Aliyun CLI >= 3.3.3 required

Run aliyun version to verify >= 3.3.3. If not installed or version too low, see https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/139508.html for installation instructions.

Pre-check: Aliyun CLI plugin update required

[MUST] run aliyun configure set --auto-plugin-install true to enable automatic plugin installation. [MUST] run aliyun plugin update to ensure that any existing plugins are always up-to-date.

Observability

UA Template — Every aliyun CLI command invocation must include --user-agent with the following format:

AlibabaCloud-Agent-Skills/alibabacloud-waf-checkresponse-intercept-query/{session-id}

session-id generation rules:

• Generate once at the start of each skill session (before the first CLI command)
• Format: 32-character lowercase hexadecimal string (e.g. a1b2c3d4e5f67890abcdef1234567890)
• Generation method: python3 -c "import uuid; print(uuid.uuid4().hex)"
• Reuse the same session-id for all CLI commands within the same session

Example:

# Generate session-id once at the beginning
SESSION_ID=$(python3 -c "import uuid; print(uuid.uuid4().hex)")

# Use in every CLI command
aliyun waf-openapi describe-instance --region cn-hangzhou \
  --user-agent "AlibabaCloud-Agent-Skills/alibabacloud-waf-checkresponse-intercept-query/${SESSION_ID}"

Before execution, you must collect the following information from the user:

Parameter	Description	Required
Request ID	The traceid obtained from the HTML body of WAF's block (intercept) response, or the Request ID shown on the 405 block page displayed in the browser	Yes

Optional: WAF Instance ID, SLS Project name, SLS Logstore name (will be auto-discovered if not provided)

Notes:

• Request ID (traceid) is obtained from the HTML body of WAF's block response, or from the 405 block page displayed in the browser
• Uses Alibaba Cloud default credential chain for authentication (ECS RAM Role, ~/.alibabacloud/config, etc.)

Region Information

RegionId Value	Region	Description
cn-hangzhou	Chinese Mainland	WAF instances within mainland China
ap-southeast-1	Outside Chinese Mainland	WAF instances in overseas and Hong Kong/Macao/Taiwan regions

Query Workflow

Step 1: Information Collection

Confirm the Request ID (traceid) with the user. If the user has not provided one, guide them to obtain it from:

1. The 405 block page displayed in the browser, which shows the Request ID directly
2. The HTML body of WAF's block (intercept) response, which contains the traceid

Step 2: Auto-Discover WAF Instances and Verify Log Service

If the user has not provided WAF Instance ID and SLS configuration, perform auto-discovery:

Step 2a: Discover WAF Instances

# Query WAF instances in both regions in parallel
aliyun waf-openapi describe-instance --region cn-hangzhou --user-agent "AlibabaCloud-Agent-Skills/alibabacloud-waf-checkresponse-intercept-query/${SESSION_ID}"
aliyun waf-openapi describe-instance --region ap-southeast-1 --user-agent "AlibabaCloud-Agent-Skills/alibabacloud-waf-checkresponse-intercept-query/${SESSION_ID}"

Step 2b: Check Log Service Status (Mandatory Before Querying Logs)

Before retrieving SLS configuration, you MUST first verify that the WAF instance has log service enabled by calling describe-sls-log-store-status:

aliyun waf-openapi describe-sls-log-store-status --region <region-id> --instance-id '<instance-id>' --user-agent "AlibabaCloud-Agent-Skills/alibabacloud-waf-checkresponse-intercept-query/${SESSION_ID}"

• If the response indicates log service is already enabled (SlsLogStoreStatus is true/enabled), skip the enable operation and proceed directly to Step 2c (idempotent: no redundant writes).
• If log service is not enabled, inform the user that WAF log service must be activated before log queries can proceed. With user consent, call modify-user-waf-log-status to enable it:

aliyun waf-openapi modify-user-waf-log-status \
  --region <region-id> \
  --instance-id '<instance-id>' \
  --log-status 1 \
  --user-agent "AlibabaCloud-Agent-Skills/alibabacloud-waf-checkresponse-intercept-query/${SESSION_ID}"

Constraint: This skill only supports enabling log service (--log-status 1). Disabling log service is not permitted. Never call this API with --log-status 0.

After enabling, wait a moment and re-verify with describe-sls-log-store-status to confirm activation.

Step 2c: Retrieve SLS Configuration (Mandatory After Confirming Log Service is Enabled)

Once describe-sls-log-store-status confirms that log service is enabled, you must immediately call describe-sls-log-store to obtain the WAF log Project and Logstore information:

aliyun waf-openapi describe-sls-log-store --region <region-id> --instance-id '<instance-id>' --user-agent "AlibabaCloud-Agent-Skills/alibabacloud-waf-checkresponse-intercept-query/${SESSION_ID}"

Key fields in the describe-sls-log-store response:

Field	Description
ProjectName	SLS Project name associated with the WAF instance
LogStoreName	SLS Logstore name for WAF logs
Ttl	Log retention period (in days)

Cross-region note: The SLS log storage region may differ from the WAF instance region (e.g., WAF in ap-southeast-1 but SLS logs stored in ap-southeast-5). When querying SLS in Step 3, always use the region where the SLS Project is located, not the WAF instance region.

Note: The describe-instance command does not require --biz-region-id when --region is specified. The --region flag determines the endpoint routing. Only pass --biz-region-id if you need to override the business region separately from the endpoint.

Step 3: Query SLS Logs

Use the ProjectName, LogStoreName and SLS region obtained from Step 2 to query block logs (prefer using the Python script):

# Query using script (recommended, supports automatic time range expansion)
python3 scripts/get_waf_logs.py \
  --project <project-name> \
  --logstore <logstore-name> \
  --request-id <request-id> \
  --region <sls-region>

Or use CLI directly:

TO_TIME=$(python3 -c "import time; print(int(time.time()))")
FROM_TIME=$((TO_TIME - 86400))

aliyun sls get-logs \
  --project <project-name> \
  --logstore <logstore-name> \
  --from $FROM_TIME \
  --to $TO_TIME \
  --query "<request-id>" \
  --region <sls-region> \
  --user-agent "AlibabaCloud-Agent-Skills/alibabacloud-waf-checkresponse-intercept-query/${SESSION_ID}"

Important: The --region here must be the SLS log storage region, which may differ from the WAF instance region. Check the describe-sls-log-store response from Step 2 to determine the correct SLS region.

Step 4: Query Rule Details

Extract rule_id and final_plugin from the logs to query the rule configuration.

Note: If you don't know the TemplateId, first use describe-defense-templates to find the template that contains the rule. The describe-defense-templates API uses --defense-scene to filter by scenario:

final_plugin	DefenseScene
customrule	custom_acl or custom_cc
waf	waf_group
scanner_behavior	antiscan
dlp	dlp
tamperproof	tamperproof

# Step 4a: Find the template containing the rule (use --defense-scene to filter)
aliyun waf-openapi describe-defense-templates \
  --region <region-id> \
  --instance-id '<instance-id>' \
  --defense-scene '<defense-scene>' \
  --user-agent "AlibabaCloud-Agent-Skills/alibabacloud-waf-checkresponse-intercept-query/${SESSION_ID}"

# Step 4b: Query rule details (describe-defense-rule does NOT use --defense-scene)
aliyun waf-openapi describe-defense-rule \
  --region <region-id> \
  --instance-id '<instance-id>' \
  --template-id <template-id> \
  --rule-id <rule-id> \
  --user-agent "AlibabaCloud-Agent-Skills/alibabacloud-waf-checkresponse-intercept-query/${SESSION_ID}"

Step 5: Output Analysis Report

Output using the following template:

## WAF Block Analysis Report

### Request Information
- Request ID: {request_id}
- Block Time: {time}
- Client IP: {real_client_ip (masked, e.g. 192.***.***.***)} 
- Request URL: {host}{request_path}?{masked_query_params}

### Block Details
- Rule ID: {rule_id}
- Rule Name: {rule_name}
- Action: {action}

### Recommendations
{Provide recommendations based on rule type, refer to references/common-block-reasons.md}

Troubleshooting

No Logs Found

1. Re-check global log service status (should have been verified in Step 2b, but re-confirm):

   aliyun waf-openapi describe-sls-log-store-status --region <region-id> --instance-id '<instance-id>' --user-agent "AlibabaCloud-Agent-Skills/alibabacloud-waf-checkresponse-intercept-query/${SESSION_ID}"
   

   If not enabled, prompt the user and enable with modify-user-waf-log-status (see Step 2b). Only enabling (--log-status 1) is allowed.

2. List protection objects (to get resource names for the next step):

   aliyun waf-openapi describe-defense-resources --region <region-id> --instance-id '<instance-id>' --query '{"PageNumber":1,"PageSize":20}' --user-agent "AlibabaCloud-Agent-Skills/alibabacloud-waf-checkresponse-intercept-query/${SESSION_ID}"
   

   Extract the Resource field from each item in the response (e.g., ddddingdang.xyz-waf, alb-xxx-alb).

3. Check protection object log switch:

   aliyun waf-openapi describe-resource-log-status --region <region-id> --instance-id '<instance-id>' --resources '<resource-name-1>,<resource-name-2>' --user-agent "AlibabaCloud-Agent-Skills/alibabacloud-waf-checkresponse-intercept-query/${SESSION_ID}"
   

   The --resources value is a comma-separated list of resource names obtained from describe-defense-resources above.

4. Enable protection object log collection (check-then-act: only if describe-resource-log-status shows log collection is disabled for the target resource; skip if already enabled):

   aliyun waf-openapi modify-resource-log-status \
     --region <region-id> \
     --instance-id '<instance-id>' \
     --resource '<resource-name>' \
     --status true \
     --user-agent "AlibabaCloud-Agent-Skills/alibabacloud-waf-checkresponse-intercept-query/${SESSION_ID}"
   

See references/common-block-reasons.md for protection object naming conventions.

Permission Denied Errors

If you encounter permission errors, check the following:

1. Verify CLI profile configuration:

   aliyun configure list
   

2. Check RAM policy permissions: Required permissions:

   • waf-openapi:DescribeInstance
   • waf-openapi:DescribeSlsLogStoreStatus
   • waf-openapi:DescribeSlsLogStore
   • waf-openapi:ModifyUserWafLogStatus (optional, for enabling log service)
   • waf-openapi:DescribeDefenseRule (for rule details)
   • sls:GetLogs (for log queries)

3. Try specifying a different profile:

   aliyun waf-openapi describe-instance --profile <profile-name> --region <region-id> --user-agent "AlibabaCloud-Agent-Skills/alibabacloud-waf-checkresponse-intercept-query/${SESSION_ID}"
   

Request ID Not Found

If the Request ID is not found in the logs:

1. Verify Request ID format: Should be 32 characters without hyphens
2. Check time range: The script automatically expands search up to 90 days
3. Verify the correct region: Try both cn-hangzhou and ap-southeast-1
4. Check log retention (TTL): Default is 180 days, use --ttl parameter if different

Multi-Instance Scenarios

If both Chinese Mainland and non-Chinese Mainland instances exist, determine based on query results:

• Logs found in only one region -> use that region directly
• Logs found in both regions -> ask the user for clarification
• No logs found in either region -> ask the user for the expected region, check protection object log switch

Note: Follow the same discovery commands as in Step 2, then query logs across all discovered SLS projects until the Request ID is found.

Rule Operation Constraints

Warning: Rule Disabling Policy

When the user requests to disable a rule:

1. Check current rule status first — call describe-defense-rule to query the rule's current status. If the rule is already in the target state (e.g., already disabled), skip the write operation and inform the user (idempotent check-then-act pattern)
2. Only perform disable operations (modify-defense-rule-status with --rule-status 0)
3. Never delete rules
4. Never modify rule content
5. Must confirm with user before executing

# Disable a rule (only after confirming it is currently enabled)
aliyun waf-openapi modify-defense-rule-status \
  --region <region-id> \
  --instance-id '<instance-id>' \
  --rule-id <rule-id> \
  --rule-status 0 \
  --user-agent "AlibabaCloud-Agent-Skills/alibabacloud-waf-checkresponse-intercept-query/${SESSION_ID}"

See references/rule-operations.md for detailed instructions.

References

• RAM Policy Requirements
• Rule Configuration Details
• Rule Operation Policy
• Common Block Reasons
• WAF OpenAPI