optics

## What I do - Analyze geometric optics and lens systems - Model wave optics and interference patterns - Calculate diffraction and grating spectra - Design optical instruments (telescopes, microscopes) - Study polarization and birefringence - Analyze laser cavities and coherence ## When to use me When designing optical instruments, analyzing light behavior, or studying photonic devices. ## Key Concepts - **Snell's Law**: n₁sinθ₁ = n₂sinθ₂ for refraction at interfaces - **Thin Lens Equation**: 1/f = 1/do + 1/di for image formation - **Interference**: Path difference Δ = mλ for constructive/destructive - **Diffraction**: sinθ = mλ/a for single slit, d sinθ = mλ for grating - **Malus's Law**: I = I₀cos²θ for polarized light through analyzer - **Rayleigh Criterion**: θ = 1.22λ/D for angular resolution