azure-database-postgresql

# Azure Database for PostgreSQL Skill This skill provides expert guidance for Azure Database for PostgreSQL. Covers troubleshooting, best practices, decision making, architecture & design patterns, limits & quotas, security, configuration, integrations & coding patterns, and deployment. It combines local quick-reference content with remote documentation fetching capabilities. ## How to Use This Skill > **IMPORTANT for Agent**: Use the **Category Index** below to locate relevant sections. For categories with line ranges (e.g., `L35-L120`), use `read_file` with the specified lines. For categories with file links (e.g., `[security.md](security.md)`), use `read_file` on the linked reference file > **IMPORTANT for Agent**: If `metadata.generated_at` is more than 3 months old, suggest the user pull the latest version from the repository. If `mcp_microsoftdocs` tools are not available, suggest the user install it: [Installation Guide](https://github.com/MicrosoftDocs/mcp/blob/main/README.md) This skill requires **network access** to fetch documentation content: - **Preferred**: Use `mcp_microsoftdocs:microsoft_docs_fetch` with query string `from=learn-agent-skill`. Returns Markdown. - **Fallback**: Use `fetch_webpage` with query string `from=learn-agent-skill&accept=text/markdown`. Returns Markdown. ## Category Index | Category | Lines | Description | |----------|-------|-------------| | Troubleshooting | L37-L73 | Diagnosing and fixing PostgreSQL issues on Azure: connectivity/TLS, HA and replicas, performance (CPU, IOPS, memory, slow queries, autovacuum), migrations, extensions, CLI, and troubleshooting guides. | | Best Practices | L74-L95 | Performance, tuning, and migration best practices for Azure PostgreSQL: query/store tuning, pgvector/Apache AGE, pooling, maintenance, bulk load, bloat removal, and Oracle-to-Postgres conversion. | | Decision Making | L96-L112 | Guidance on sizing and scaling Flexible Server (compute, storage, Ultra Disk), networking/Private Link, hosting choices, replicas promotion, and PostgreSQL versioning, upgrades, and support. | | Architecture & Design Patterns | L113-L124 | Architectures and patterns for PostgreSQL on Azure: microservices, multitenancy, sharding, table design, caching with Redis, and using OpenAI for recommendations and semantic search. | | Limits & Quotas | L125-L149 | Backup, storage, and capacity limits for Azure PostgreSQL, including PITR/restore behavior, SSD/SSDv2 performance, quotas, elastic cluster limits, and migration/conversion constraints. | | Security | L150-L181 | Securing Azure Database for PostgreSQL: identity and auth (Entra, managed identities, SCRAM), network/firewall/Private Link, TLS, encryption, auditing, roles, policies, and Defender integration. | | Configuration | L182-L268 | Configuring Azure Database for PostgreSQL Flexible Server: maintenance windows, HA, networking, logging/metrics, extensions, tuning/parameters, PgBouncer, VS Code tools, CLI, and read replica virtual endpoints. | | Integrations & Coding Patterns | L269-L294 | Patterns and code for integrating Azure PostgreSQL with AI/ML (Language, AML, LangChain, Foundry, MCP), vector search (pgvector, DiskANN), SDK automation, Data Factory, CLI, and VS Code/Copilot tools. | | Deployment | L295-L304 | Guides for deploying and migrating PostgreSQL to Azure flexible server (from Aurora, RDS, on-prem/VM, Oracle), configuring VNet/private endpoints, and point-in-time restore. | ### Troubleshooting | Topic | URL | |-------|-----| | Run upgrade validation checks for Azure PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/configure-maintain/how-to-run-upgrade-validation-checks | | Resolve extension management errors on Azure PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/extensions/errors-extensions | | Monitor and troubleshoot HA health for Azure PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/high-availability/how-to-monitor-high-availability | | Resolve premigration validation error codes for PostgreSQL migration | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/migrate/migration-service/troubleshoot-error-codes | | Use application conversion reports for validation | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/migrate/oracle-conversions-application/app-conversions-reports | | Use Query Performance Insight for PostgreSQL tuning | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/monitor/concepts-query-performance-insight | | Use Query Store to troubleshoot PostgreSQL performance | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/monitor/concepts-query-store | | Use autonomous tuning recommendations for PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/monitor/how-to-get-apply-recommendations-from-autonomous-tuning | | Troubleshoot TLS connection issues for Azure PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/security/security-tls-troubleshoot | | Diagnose transient connectivity errors in Azure PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/concepts-connectivity | | Use PostgreSQL flexible server troubleshooting guides | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/concepts-troubleshooting-guides | | Monitor and tune autovacuum in Azure PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/how-to-autovacuum-tuning | | Troubleshoot and tune autovacuum on PostgreSQL elastic clusters | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/how-to-autovacuum-tuning-elastic-clusters | | Diagnose and mitigate high CPU in PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/how-to-high-cpu-utilization | | Troubleshoot high CPU in PostgreSQL elastic clusters | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/how-to-high-cpu-utilization-elastic-clusters | | Investigate and reduce high IOPS in PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/how-to-high-io-utilization | | Troubleshoot high memory usage in Azure PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/how-to-high-memory-utilization | | Diagnose slow queries on Azure PostgreSQL flexible server | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/how-to-identify-slow-queries | | Diagnose slow-running queries on PostgreSQL elastic clusters | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/how-to-identify-slow-queries-elastic-clusters | | Resolve capacity errors when deploying or scaling Azure PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/how-to-resolve-capacity-errors | | Troubleshoot Azure CLI errors for PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/how-to-troubleshoot-cli-errors | | Troubleshoot connection issues to Azure PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/how-to-troubleshoot-common-connection-issues | | Run PostgreSQL troubleshooting guides in Azure portal | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/how-to-troubleshooting-guides | | Configure telemetry sources for PostgreSQL troubleshooting guides | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/reference-troubleshooting-guides-telemetry | | Fix autovacuum blockers and wraparound issues in Azure PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/troubleshoot-autovacuum-blockers | | Monitor autovacuum and wraparound risk in Azure PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/troubleshoot-autovacuum-monitoring | | Diagnose Azure Storage extension errors in PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/troubleshoot-azure-storage-extension | | Resolve 'Canceling statement due to conflict with recovery' on Azure Database for PostgreSQL read replicas | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/troubleshoot-canceling-statement-due-to-conflict-with-recovery | | Diagnose high CPU on Azure PostgreSQL flexible server | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/troubleshoot-high-cpu | | Investigate high IOPS on Azure PostgreSQL flexible server | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/troubleshoot-high-iops | | Troubleshoot high memory usage in Azure PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/troubleshoot-high-memory | | Resolve high temporary file usage in Azure PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/troubleshoot-high-temporary-files | | Fix password authentication failed errors in PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/troubleshoot-password-authentication-failed-for-user | ### Best Practices | Topic | URL | |-------|-----| | Optimize Apache AGE graph query performance on Azure | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/azure-ai/generative-ai-age-performance | | Apply Azure Advisor recommendations to Azure PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/configure-maintain/concepts-azure-advisor-recommendations | | Plan around maintenance for Azure PostgreSQL Flexible Server | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/configure-maintain/concepts-maintenance | | Apply PgBouncer connection pooling strategies on Azure PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/connectivity/concepts-connection-pooling-best-practices | | Apply Azure-specific PostgreSQL extension considerations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/extensions/concepts-extensions-considerations | | Optimize pgvector performance on Azure PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/extensions/how-to-optimize-performance-pgvector | | Apply best practices for migrating to Azure PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/migrate/migration-service/best-practices-migration-service-postgresql | | Follow best practices for Oracle app conversion | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/migrate/oracle-conversions-application/app-conversions-best-practices | | Apply best practices for Oracle schema conversion | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/migrate/oracle-conversions-schema/schema-conversions-best-practices | | Understand autonomous tuning for PostgreSQL flexible server | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/monitor/concepts-autonomous-tuning | | Use intelligent tuning for PostgreSQL flexible server | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/monitor/concepts-intelligent-tuning | | Follow best practices for PostgreSQL Query Store | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/monitor/concepts-query-store-best-practices | | Apply Query Store usage scenarios for PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/monitor/concepts-query-store-scenarios | | Create Azure PostgreSQL read replicas with performance guidance | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/read-replica/how-to-create-read-replica | | Bulk load data into Azure PostgreSQL flexible server | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/how-to-bulk-load-data | | Optimize pg_stat_statements query stats on Azure PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/how-to-optimize-query-stats-collection | | Use pg_repack to remove bloat on Azure PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/how-to-perform-fullvacuum-pg-repack | | Tune pg_dump and pg_restore for Azure PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/troubleshoot/how-to-pgdump-restore | ### Decision Making | Topic | URL | |-------|-----| | Choose compute tiers for Azure PostgreSQL Flexible Server | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/compute-storage/concepts-compute | | Select storage options for Azure PostgreSQL Flexible Server | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/compute-storage/concepts-storage | | Choose and configure Ultra Disk for Azure PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/compute-storage/concepts-storage-ultra-disk | | Plan and execute major version upgrades for Azure Database for PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/configure-maintain/concepts-major-version-upgrade | | Apply Azure PostgreSQL versioning and upgrade policy | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/configure-maintain/concepts-version-policy | | Use extended support for PostgreSQL flexible server versions | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/configure-maintain/extended-support | | Choose Azure PostgreSQL flexible server hosting option | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/configure-maintain/overview-postgres-choose-server-options | | Use premigration validations for Azure PostgreSQL migrations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/migrate/migration-service/concepts-premigration-migration-service | | Choose and configure Private Link for Azure PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/network/concepts-networking-private-link | | Promote Azure PostgreSQL read replicas to primary or standalone | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/read-replica/concepts-read-replicas-promote | | Promote Azure PostgreSQL read replica to standalone server | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/read-replica/how-to-promote-replica-to-standalone | | Switch Azure PostgreSQL read replica to primary role | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/read-replica/how-to-switch-over-replica-to-primary | | Choose scaling options for PostgreSQL flexible server resources | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/scale/concepts-scaling-resources | ### Architecture & Design Patterns | Topic | URL | |-------|-----| | Build recommendation systems with Azure PostgreSQL and OpenAI | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/azure-ai/generative-ai-recommendation-system | | Implement semantic search with Azure PostgreSQL and OpenAI | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/azure-ai/generative-ai-semantic-search | | Design microservices storage on PostgreSQL elastic clusters | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/configure-maintain/tutorial-microservices | | Design multitenant apps with PostgreSQL elastic clusters | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/configure-maintain/tutorial-multitenant-database | | Parallelize real-time dashboards with PostgreSQL elastic clusters | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/configure-maintain/tutorial-real-time-dashboard | | Use Redis caching with Azure PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/development/how-to-cache | | Choose sharding models for PostgreSQL elastic clusters | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/elastic-clusters/concepts-elastic-clusters-sharding-models | | Select table types in PostgreSQL elastic clusters | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/elastic-clusters/concepts-elastic-clusters-table-types | ### Limits & Quotas | Topic | URL | |-------|-----| | Backup retention and PITR behavior in PostgreSQL flexible server | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/backup-restore/concepts-backup-restore | | Manage and delete on-demand backups in PostgreSQL flexible server | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/backup-restore/how-to-delete-backups | | Restore deleted PostgreSQL flexible servers within retention window | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/backup-restore/how-to-restore-deleted-server | | Geo-restore behavior and constraints for PostgreSQL flexible server | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/backup-restore/how-to-restore-paired-region | | Migrate Azure PostgreSQL from SSD to SSDv2 via PITR | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/compute-storage/concepts-storage-migrate-ssd-to-ssd-v2 | | Understand Premium SSD limits for Azure PostgreSQL | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/compute-storage/concepts-storage-premium-ssd | | Tune Premium SSD v2 storage for PostgreSQL flexible servers | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/postgresql/compute-storage/concepts-storage-premium-ssd-v2 |