Skip to main content التثبيت باستخدام Codex أو Claude انسخ هذا Prompt والصقه في Codex أو Claude أو مساعد آخر ليراجع صفحة Skill ويثبّتها لك.
يتجاوز الأمر المباشر Prompt المخصّص للمراجعة. افحص المصدر قبل تشغيله.
npx skills add https://github.com/miles990/claude-software-skills --skill frontendيبقى الأمر في سطر واحد. مرّر أفقيًا لمراجعته كاملًا قبل النسخ.
تفضّل نسخة محلية؟ نزّل الملفات المتاحة حاليًا لدى SkillsMP.
المهن ذات الصلةSOC
استنادا إلى تصنيف SOC المهني
| name | frontend |
| description | Modern frontend development with React, Vue, and web technologies |
| domain | development-stacks |
| version | 1.1.0 |
| tags | ["react","vue","nextjs","typescript","css","state-management","bundlers"] |
| triggers | {"keywords":{"primary":["frontend","react","vue","nextjs","ui","web","component"],"secondary":["css","tailwind","state","hooks","spa","pwa","vite"]},"context_boost":["typescript","javascript","html","browser","client"],"context_penalty":["backend","server","database","api"],"priority":"high"} |
| collaboration | {"prerequisites":[{"skill":"typescript","reason":"Type-safe component development"}],"delegation_triggers":[{"trigger":"API integration or backend communication","delegate_to":"backend","context":"API endpoints, authentication flow"},{"trigger":"API response format questions","delegate_to":"api-design","context":"Expected data structures, error handling"},{"trigger":"Component or integration testing","delegate_to":"testing-strategies","context":"Testing library patterns, mocking APIs"}],"receives_context_from":[{"skill":"backend","receives":["API endpoints list","Authentication flow","WebSocket events"]},{"skill":"api-design","receives":["API documentation","Error response formats","Pagination patterns"]}],"provides_context_to":[{"skill":"testing-strategies","provides":["Component structure","User interaction patterns","State management approach"]},{"skill":"backend","provides":["Required API endpoints","Expected response formats"]}]} |
Frontend Development
Overview
Modern frontend development patterns, frameworks, and best practices for building performant web applications.
React Ecosystem
Component Patterns
import { useState, useEffect, useCallback, useMemo } from 'react';
interface UserListProps {
initialFilter?: string;
onSelect: (user: User) => void;
}
function UserList({ initialFilter = '', onSelect }: UserListProps) {
const [users, setUsers] = useState<User[]>([]);
const [filter, setFilter] = useState(initialFilter);
const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);
const filteredUsers = useMemo(
() => users.filter(u => u.name.toLowerCase().includes(filter.toLowerCase())),
[users, filter]
);
const handleSelect = useCallback((user: User) => {
onSelect(user);
}, [onSelect]);
( {
() {
();
data = api.();
(data);
();
}
();
}, []);
(loading) ;
(
);
}
useEffect
() =>
async
function
fetchUsers
setLoading
true
const
await
getUsers
setUsers
setLoading
false
fetchUsers
if
return
<Skeleton count={5} />
return
<div>
<SearchInput value={filter} onChange={setFilter} />
{filteredUsers.map(user => (
<UserCard
key={user.id}
user={user}
onClick={() => handleSelect(user)}
/>
))}
</div>
Custom Hooks
function useFetch<T>(url: string) {
const [data, setData] = useState<T | null>(null);
const [error, setError] = useState<Error | null>(null);
const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);
useEffect(() => {
const controller = new AbortController();
async function fetchData() {
try {
setLoading(true);
const response = await fetch(url, { signal: controller.signal });
if (!response.ok) throw new Error(`HTTP ${response.status}`);
const json = await response.json();
setData(json);
setError(null);
} catch (err) {
if (err instanceof Error && err.name !== 'AbortError') {
setError(err);
}
} finally {
setLoading(false);
}
}
fetchData();
return () => controller.abort();
}, [url]);
return { data, error, loading };
}
function useLocalStorage<T>(key: string, initialValue: T) {
const [storedValue, setStoredValue] = useState<T>(() => {
try {
const item = window.localStorage.getItem(key);
return item ? JSON.parse(item) : initialValue;
} catch {
return initialValue;
}
});
const setValue = useCallback((value: T | ((val: T) => T)) => {
const valueToStore = value instanceof Function ? value(storedValue) : value;
setStoredValue(valueToStore);
window.localStorage.setItem(key, JSON.stringify(valueToStore));
}, [key, storedValue]);
return [storedValue, setValue] as const;
}
function useDebounce<T>(value: T, delay: number): T {
const [debouncedValue, setDebouncedValue] = useState(value);
useEffect(() => {
const timer = setTimeout(() => setDebouncedValue(value), delay);
return () => clearTimeout(timer);
}, [value, delay]);
return debouncedValue;
}
State Management
import { create } from 'zustand';
import { persist } from 'zustand/middleware';
interface CartStore {
items: CartItem[];
addItem: (item: CartItem) => void;
removeItem: (id: string) => void;
clearCart: () => void;
total: () => number;
}
const useCartStore = create<CartStore>()(
persist(
(set, get) => ({
items: [],
addItem: (item) => set((state) => ({
items: [...state.items, item]
})),
removeItem: (id) => set((state) => ({
items: state.items.filter(i => i.id !== id)
})),
clearCart: () => set({ items: [] }),
total: () => get().items.reduce((sum, item) => sum + item.price, 0)
}),
{ name: 'cart-storage' }
)
);
import { useQuery, useMutation, useQueryClient } from '@tanstack/react-query';
function useUsers() {
return useQuery({
queryKey: ['users'],
queryFn: () => api.getUsers(),
staleTime: 5 * 60 * 1000,
});
}
function useCreateUser() {
const queryClient = useQueryClient();
return useMutation({
mutationFn: (newUser: CreateUserInput) => api.createUser(newUser),
onSuccess: () => {
queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ['users'] });
},
});
}
Next.js / App Router
Server Components
async function UsersPage() {
const users = await db.user.findMany();
return (
<div>
<h1>Users</h1>
<UserList users={users} />
</div>
);
}
'use client';
import { useState } from 'react';
function UserList({ users }: { users: User[] }) {
const [selected, setSelected] = useState<string | null>(null);
return (
<ul>
{users.map(user => (
<li
key={user.id}
onClick={() => setSelected(user.id)}
className={selected === user.id ? 'selected' : ''}
>
{user.name}
</li>
))}
</ul>
);
}
Server Actions
'use server';
import { revalidatePath } from 'next/cache';
import { redirect } from 'next/navigation';
export async function createUser(formData: FormData) {
const name = formData.get('name') as string;
const email = formData.get('email') as string;
await db.user.create({
data: { name, email }
});
revalidatePath('/users');
redirect('/users');
}
function CreateUserForm() {
return (
<form action={createUser}>
<input name="name" required />
<input name="email" type="email" required />
<button type="submit">Create</button>
</form>
);
}
Route Handlers
import { NextRequest, NextResponse } from 'next/server';
export async function GET(request: NextRequest) {
const searchParams = request.nextUrl.searchParams;
const limit = parseInt(searchParams.get('limit') || '10');
const users = await db.user.findMany({ take: limit });
return NextResponse.json(users);
}
export async function POST(request: NextRequest) {
const body = await request.json();
const user = await db.user.create({ data: body });
return NextResponse.json(user, { status: 201 });
}
CSS & Styling
Tailwind CSS
function Card({ title, children }: { title: string; children: React.ReactNode }) {
return (
<div className="rounded-lg border border-gray-200 bg-white p-6 shadow-sm
hover:shadow-md transition-shadow duration-200
dark:bg-gray-800 dark:border-gray-700">
<h2 className="text-xl font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white mb-4">
{title}
</h2>
<div className="text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">
{children}
</div>
</div>
);
}
import { clsx } from 'clsx';
import { twMerge } from 'tailwind-merge';
function cn(...inputs: ClassValue[]) {
return twMerge(clsx(inputs));
}
function Button({
variant = 'primary',
size = 'md',
className,
...props
}: ButtonProps) {
return (
<button
className={cn(
'inline-flex items-center justify-center rounded-md font-medium',
'focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-offset-2',
{
'bg-blue-600 text-white hover:bg-blue-700': variant === 'primary',
'bg-gray-200 text-gray-900 hover:bg-gray-300': variant === 'secondary',
'px-3 py-1.5 text-sm': size === 'sm',
'px-4 py-2 text-base': size === 'md',
'px-6 py-3 text-lg': size === 'lg',
},
className
)}
{...props}
/>
);
}
CSS Modules
.button {
padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
border-radius: 0.375rem;
font-weight: 500;
}
.primary {
background-color: var(--color-primary);
color: white;
}
.secondary {
background-color: var(--color-gray-200);
color: var(--color-gray-900);
}
import styles from './Button.module.css';
function Button({ variant = 'primary', children }) {
return (
<button className={`${styles.button} ${styles[variant]}`}>
{children}
</button>
);
}
Performance Optimization
Code Splitting
import dynamic from 'next/dynamic';
const HeavyChart = dynamic(() => import('./HeavyChart'), {
loading: () => <ChartSkeleton />,
ssr: false,
});
const Dashboard = lazy(() => import('./Dashboard'));
function App() {
return (
<Suspense fallback={<Loading />}>
<Dashboard />
</Suspense>
);
}
Virtualization
import { useVirtualizer } from '@tanstack/react-virtual';
function VirtualList({ items }: { items: Item[] }) {
const parentRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
const virtualizer = useVirtualizer({
count: items.length,
getScrollElement: () => parentRef.current,
estimateSize: () => 50,
});
return (
<div ref={parentRef} className="h-[400px] overflow-auto">
<div
style={{
height: `${virtualizer.getTotalSize()}px`,
position: 'relative',
}}
>
{virtualizer.getVirtualItems().map((virtualItem) => (
<div
key={virtualItem.key}
style={{
position: 'absolute',
top: 0,
transform: `translateY(${virtualItem.start}px)`,
height: `${virtualItem.size}px`,
}}
>
{items[virtualItem.index].name}
</div>
))}
</div>
</div>
);
}
Image Optimization
import Image from 'next/image';
function ProductImage({ src, alt }: { src: string; alt: string }) {
return (
<Image
src={src}
alt={alt}
width={400}
height={300}
placeholder="blur"
blurDataURL="data:image/jpeg;base64,/9j/4AAQ..."
sizes="(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 400px"
priority={false}
/>
);
}
Testing
Component Testing
import { render, screen, fireEvent, waitFor } from '@testing-library/react';
import userEvent from '@testing-library/user-event';
describe('LoginForm', () => {
it('submits with valid credentials', async () => {
const onSubmit = vi.fn();
render(<LoginForm onSubmit={onSubmit} />);
await userEvent.type(screen.getByLabelText(/email/i), 'test@example.com');
await userEvent.type(screen.getByLabelText(/password/i), 'password123');
await userEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /sign in/i }));
await waitFor(() => {
expect(onSubmit).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
email: 'test@example.com',
password: 'password123',
});
});
});
it('shows validation errors', async () => {
render(<LoginForm onSubmit={vi.fn()} />);
await userEvent.click(screen.getByRole('button', { name: /sign in/i }));
expect(await screen.findByText(/email is required/i)).toBeInTheDocument();
});
});
Related Skills
- [[testing-strategies]] - Frontend testing
- [[performance-optimization]] - Web performance
- [[ux-principles]] - User experience
Sharp Edges(常見陷阱)
SE-1: useEffect 無限迴圈
- 嚴重度: critical
- 情境: useEffect 中更新 state,而該 state 又是 dependency,導致無限重新渲染
- 原因: 不了解 React 的 dependency 機制、object/array 作為 dependency
- 症狀:
- 頁面卡死或極度緩慢
- 瀏覽器記憶體持續增長
- Network tab 顯示大量重複請求
- 檢測:
useEffect.*setState.*\].*\{|useEffect\(\(\).*fetch.*\[\]
- 解法: 正確設定 dependencies、使用 useCallback/useMemo、考慮用 useRef 追蹤值
SE-2: 記憶體洩漏 (Memory Leak)
- 嚴重度: high
- 情境: Component unmount 後仍有 subscription、timer 或 async 操作更新 state
- 原因: 沒有清理 effect、沒有取消進行中的 fetch
- 症狀:
- Console 警告「Can't perform state update on unmounted component」
- 應用程式越用越慢
- 切換頁面後舊資料閃現
- 檢測:
useEffect.*setInterval(?!.*return)|useEffect.*addEventListener(?!.*return.*remove)|useEffect.*subscribe(?!.*return)
- 解法: 在 useEffect 中 return cleanup function、使用 AbortController 取消 fetch
SE-3: Props Drilling 地獄
- 嚴重度: medium
- 情境: 為了傳遞資料給深層 component,中間層需要傳遞不需要的 props
- 原因: 沒有使用 Context 或狀態管理、component 結構設計不當
- 症狀:
- 修改一個 prop 需要改動 5+ 個 component
- 中間層 component 有很多只是「傳遞」的 props
- 難以追蹤資料流向
- 檢測:
props\.\w+.*props\.\w+.*props\.\w+|{.*,.*,.*,.*,.*,.*}.*=>
- 解法: 使用 Context、Zustand/Redux、或 Component Composition
SE-4: 過早優化 (Premature Optimization)
- 嚴重度: medium
- 情境: 在沒有效能問題時過度使用 useMemo/useCallback/React.memo
- 原因: 誤解這些 hooks 的用途、盲目「優化」
- 症狀:
- 程式碼充滿 useMemo 但沒有效能改善
- 反而因為額外的記憶體和比較操作變慢
- 程式碼難以閱讀
- 檢測:
useMemo\(\(\).*return.*\d+|useCallback\(\(\).*console|React\.memo\(.*\)(?!.*areEqual)
- 解法: 先測量效能、只在確定有問題時優化、理解何時使用這些工具
SE-5: 不安全的 HTML 渲染
- 嚴重度: critical
- 情境: 使用 dangerouslySetInnerHTML 或直接渲染用戶輸入的 HTML
- 原因: 為了渲染 rich text、不了解 XSS 風險
- 症狀:
- XSS 攻擊漏洞
- 用戶可以注入惡意腳本
- 網站被用於釣魚或竊取資料
- 檢測:
dangerouslySetInnerHTML|innerHTML.*=.*user|v-html.*user
- 解法: 使用 DOMPurify 消毒、使用安全的 Markdown 渲染器、避免直接渲染用戶輸入
Validations
V-1: useEffect 缺少 cleanup
- 類型: regex
- 嚴重度: high
- 模式:
useEffect\s*\([^)]*=>\s*\{[^}]*(setInterval|addEventListener|subscribe)[^}]*\}(?![^}]*return)
- 訊息: useEffect with subscription/timer missing cleanup function
- 修復建議: Add cleanup:
return () => clearInterval(id) or return () => unsubscribe()
- 適用:
*.tsx, *.jsx
V-2: 禁止 dangerouslySetInnerHTML
- 類型: regex
- 嚴重度: critical
- 模式:
dangerouslySetInnerHTML
- 訊息: dangerouslySetInnerHTML is a security risk (XSS)
- 修復建議: Use DOMPurify:
dangerouslySetInnerHTML={{ __html: DOMPurify.sanitize(html) }}
- 適用:
*.tsx, *.jsx
V-3: useEffect 空 dependency array + state 更新
- 類型: regex
- 嚴重度: high
- 模式:
useEffect\s*\([^)]*=>\s*\{[^}]*set\w+\([^}]*\},\s*\[\s*\]\s*\)
- 訊息: useEffect with empty deps but updates state - possible stale closure
- 修復建議: Add necessary dependencies or use useRef for values that shouldn't trigger re-run
- 適用:
*.tsx, *.jsx
V-4: 禁止 inline styles 物件字面量
- 類型: regex
- 嚴重度: medium
- 模式:
style=\{\s*\{[^}]+\}\s*\}
- 訊息: Inline style object creates new reference on every render
- 修復建議: Extract to variable or use useMemo:
const styles = useMemo(() => ({...}), [])
- 適用:
*.tsx, *.jsx
V-5: 禁止在 JSX 中使用 index 作為 key
- 類型: regex
- 嚴重度: medium
- 模式:
key=\{(index|i|idx)\}
- 訊息: Using array index as key can cause issues with reordering
- 修復建議: Use a unique identifier:
key={item.id} or key={item.uniqueField}
- 適用:
*.tsx, *.jsx