# uv
<a href="https://pypi.python.org/pypi/uv"><img src="https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/uv.svg" alt="Latest PyPI version" /></a>
<a href="https://pypi.python.org/pypi/uv"><img src="https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/uv.svg" alt="Supported Python versions" /></a>
<a href="https://discord.gg/astral-sh"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/Discord-%235865F2.svg?logo=discord&logoColor=white" alt="Discord" /></a>
An extremely fast Python package and project manager, written in Rust.
<p align="center">
<picture align="center">
<source media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" srcset="https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/assets/1309177/03aa9163-1c79-4a87-a31d-7a9311ed9310">
<source media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" srcset="https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/assets/1309177/629e59c0-9c6e-4013-9ad4-adb2bcf5080d">
<img alt="Shows a bar chart with benchmark results." src="https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/assets/1309177/629e59c0-9c6e-4013-9ad4-adb2bcf5080d">
</picture>
</p>
<p align="center">
<i>Installing <a href="https://trio.readthedocs.io/">Trio</a>'s dependencies with a warm cache.</i>
</p>
## Highlights
- A single tool to replace `pip`, `pip-tools`, `pipx`, `poetry`, `pyenv`, `twine`, `virtualenv`, and
more.
- [10-100x faster](https://github.com/astral-sh/uv/blob/main/BENCHMARKS.md) than `pip`.
- Provides [comprehensive project management](#projects), with a
[universal lockfile](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/concepts/projects/layout#the-lockfile).
- [Runs scripts](#scripts), with support for
[inline dependency metadata](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/guides/scripts#declaring-script-dependencies).
- [Installs and manages](#python-versions) Python versions.
- [Runs and installs](#tools) tools published as Python packages.
- Includes a [pip-compatible interface](#the-pip-interface) for a performance boost with a familiar
CLI.
- Supports Cargo-style [workspaces](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/concepts/projects/workspaces) for
scalable projects.
- Disk-space efficient, with a [global cache](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/concepts/cache) for
dependency deduplication.
- Installable without Rust or Python via `curl` or `pip`.
- Supports macOS, Linux, and Windows.
uv is backed by [Astral](https://astral.sh), the creators of
[Ruff](https://github.com/astral-sh/ruff) and [ty](https://github.com/astral-sh/ty).
## Installation
Install uv with our standalone installers:
```bash
# On macOS and Linux.
curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh
```
```bash
# On Windows.
powershell -ExecutionPolicy ByPass -c "irm https://astral.sh/uv/install.ps1 | iex"
```
Or, from [PyPI](https://pypi.org/project/uv/):
```bash
# With pip.
pip install uv
```
```bash
# Or pipx.
pipx install uv
```
If installed via the standalone installer, uv can update itself to the latest version:
```bash
uv self update
```
See the [installation documentation](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/getting-started/installation/) for
details and alternative installation methods.
## Documentation
uv's documentation is available at [docs.astral.sh/uv](https://docs.astral.sh/uv).
Additionally, the command line reference documentation can be viewed with `uv help`.
## Features
### Projects
uv manages project dependencies and environments, with support for lockfiles, workspaces, and more,
similar to `rye` or `poetry`:
```console
$ uv init example
Initialized project `example` at `/home/user/example`
$ cd example
$ uv add ruff
Creating virtual environment at: .venv
Resolved 2 packages in 170ms
Built example @ file:///home/user/example
Prepared 2 packages in 627ms
Installed 2 packages in 1ms
+ example==0.1.0 (from file:///home/user/example)
+ ruff==0.5.0
$ uv run ruff check
All checks passed!
$ uv lock
Resolved 2 packages in 0.33ms
$ uv sync
Resolved 2 packages in 0.70ms
Checked 1 package in 0.02ms
```
See the [project documentation](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/guides/projects/) to get started.
uv also supports building and publishing projects, even if they're not managed with uv. See the
[publish guide](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/guides/publish/) to learn more.
### Scripts
uv manages dependencies and environments for single-file scripts.
Create a new script and add inline metadata declaring its dependencies:
```console
$ echo 'import requests; print(requests.get("https://astral.sh"))' > example.py
$ uv add --script example.py requests
Updated `example.py`
```
Then, run the script in an isolated virtual environment:
```console
$ uv run example.py
Reading inline script metadata from: example.py
Installed 5 packages in 12ms
<Response [200]>
```
See the [scripts documentation](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/guides/scripts/) to get started.
### Tools
uv executes and installs command-line tools provided by Python packages, similar to `pipx`.
Run a tool in an ephemeral environment using `uvx` (an alias for `uv tool run`):
```console
$ uvx pycowsay 'hello world!'
Resolved 1 package in 167ms
Installed 1 package in 9ms
+ pycowsay==0.0.0.2
"""
------------
< hello world! >
------------
\ ^__^
\ (oo)\_______
(__)\ )\/\
||----w |
|| ||
```
Install a tool with `uv tool install`:
```console
$ uv tool install ruff
Resolved 1 package in 6ms
Installed 1 package in 2ms
+ ruff==0.5.0
Installed 1 executable: ruff
$ ruff --version
ruff 0.5.0
```
See the [tools documentation](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/guides/tools/) to get started.
### Python versions
uv installs Python and allows quickly switching between versions.
Install multiple Python versions:
```console
$ uv python install 3.12 3.13 3.14
Installed 3 versions in 972ms
+ cpython-3.12.12-macos-aarch64-none (python3.12)
+ cpython-3.13.9-macos-aarch64-none (python3.13)
+ cpython-3.14.0-macos-aarch64-none (python3.14)
```
Download Python versions as needed:
```console
$ uv venv --python 3.12.0
Using Python 3.12.0
Creating virtual environment at: .venv
Activate with: source .venv/bin/activate
$ uv run --python pypy@3.8 -- python --version
Python 3.8.16 (a9dbdca6fc3286b0addd2240f11d97d8e8de187a, Dec 29 2022, 11:45:30)
[PyPy 7.3.11 with GCC Apple LLVM 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>>
```
Use a specific Python version in the current directory:
```console
$ uv python pin 3.11
Pinned `.python-version` to `3.11`
```
See the [Python installation documentation](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/guides/install-python/) to get
started.
### The pip interface
uv provides a drop-in replacement for common `pip`, `pip-tools`, and `virtualenv` commands.
uv extends their interfaces with advanced features, such as dependency version overrides,
platform-independent resolutions, reproducible resolutions, alternative resolution strategies, and
more.
Migrate to uv without changing your existing workflows — and experience a 10-100x speedup — with the
`uv pip` interface.
Compile requirements into a platform-independent requirements file:
```console
$ uv pip compile requirements.in \
--universal \
--output-file requirements.txt
Resolved 43 packages in 12ms
```
Create a virtual environment:
```console
$ uv venv
Using Python 3.12.3
Creating virtual environment at: .venv
Activate with: source .venv/bin/activate
```
Install the locked requirements:
```console
$ uv pip sync requirements.txt
Resolved 43 packages in 11ms
Installed 43 packages in 208ms
+ babel==2.15.0
+ black==24.4.2
+ certifi==2024.7.4
...
```
See the [pip interface documentation](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/pip/index/) to get started.
## Contributing
We are passionate about supporting contributors of all levels of experience and would love to see
you get involved in the project. See the
[contributing guide](https://github.com/astral-sh/uv?tab=contributing-ov-file#contributing) to get
started.
## FAQ
#### How do you pronounce uv?
It's pronounced as "you - vee" ([`/juː viː/`](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/English#Key))
#### How should I stylize uv?
Just "uv", please. See the [style guide](./STYLE.md#styling-uv) for details.
#### What platforms does uv support?
See uv's [platform support](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/reference/platforms/) document.
#### Is uv ready for production?
Yes, uv is stable and widely used in production. See uv's
[versioning policy](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/reference/versioning/) document for details.
## Acknowledgements
uv's dependency resolver uses [PubGrub](https://github.com/pubgrub-rs/pubgrub) under the hood. We're
grateful to the PubGrub maintainers, especially [Jacob Finkelman](https://github.com/Eh2406), for
their support.
uv's Git implementation is based on [Cargo](https://github.com/rust-lang/cargo).
Some of uv's optimizations are inspired by the great work we've seen in [pnpm](https://pnpm.io/),
[Orogene](https://github.com/orogene/orogene), and [Bun](https://github.com/oven-sh/bun). We've also
learned a lot from Nathaniel J. Smith's [Posy](https://github.com/njsmith/posy) and adapted its
[trampoline](https://github.com/njsmith/posy/tree/main/src/trampolines/windows-trampolines/posy-trampoline)
for Windows support.
## License
uv is licensed under either of
- Apache License, Version 2.0, ([LICENSE-APACHE](LICENSE-APACHE) or
<https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0>)
- MIT license ([LICENSE-MIT](LICENSE-MIT) or <https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>)
at your option.
Unless you explicitly state otherwise, any contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in uv
by you, as defined in the Apache-2.0 license, shall be dually licensed as above, without any
additional terms or conditions.
<div align="center">
<a target="_blank" href="https://astral.sh" style="background:none">
<img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/astral-sh/uv/main/assets/svg/Astral.svg" alt="Made by Astral">
</a>
</div>