biomedical-engineering

## What I do - Design medical devices and diagnostic equipment - Analyze physiological systems and model biological processes - Develop biomedical imaging systems and signal processing - Create prosthetic devices and rehabilitation technology - Apply engineering principles to healthcare solutions ## When to use me - When developing medical devices or healthcare technology - When analyzing biological signals (ECG, EEG, EMG) - When designing prosthetic or orthotic devices - When working on diagnostic equipment or imaging systems - When modeling physiological processes ## Key Concepts ### Biomedical Signals ```python import numpy as np from scipy import signal # ECG processing example def filter_ecg(raw_signal, fs=1000): # Remove powerline interference b, a = signal.iirnotch(60, 30, fs) filtered = signal.filtfilt(b, a, raw_signal) # Bandpass filter for QRS detection low, high = 5, 15 b, a = signal.butter(4, [low, high], btype='bandpass', fs=fs) return signal.filtfilt(b, a, filtered) # Heart rate calculation def calculate_bpm(rr_intervals): return 60000 / np.mean(rr_intervals) ``` ### Medical Imaging Modalities | Modality | Principle | Applications | |----------|-----------|--------------| | X-ray | X-ray attenuation | Bone, chest imaging | | CT | X-ray tomography | 3D anatomy | | MRI | Nuclear magnetic resonance | Soft tissue imaging | | Ultrasound | Echo reflection | Obstetrics, cardiology | | PET | Radioactive decay | Functional imaging | ### Biomechanics ```python # Joint torque calculation def calculate_joint_torque(force, moment_arm): return force * moment_arm # Impact analysis def impact_force(mass, velocity, contact_time): impulse = mass * velocity return impulse / contact_time ``` ### Device Design Considerations ```python # Biocompatibility testing parameters BIOCOMPATIBILITY_TESTS = [ "Cytotoxicity", "Sensitization", "Irritation", "Systemic toxicity", "Implantation" ] # Material selection criteria def select_implant_material(requirements): candidates = { "titanium": {"biocompatible": True, "strength": "high"}, "stainless_steel": {"biocompatible": True, "strength": "medium"}, "peek": {"biocompatible": True, "strength": "medium"}, "hydroxyapatite": {"biocompatible": True, "strength": "low"} } return [m for m, p in candidates.items() if all(p[k] == requirements.get(k) for k in p)] ``` ### Regulatory Framework - **FDA (US)**: 21 CFR Part 820 - Quality System Regulation - **EU MDR**: Medical Device Regulation 2017/745 - **ISO 13485**: Quality management systems for medical devices - **IEC 60601**: Electrical safety of medical equipment