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turborepo-monorepo Provides comprehensive Turborepo monorepo management guidance for TypeScript/JavaScript projects. Use when creating Turborepo workspaces, configuring turbo.json tasks, setting up Next.js/NestJS apps, managing test pipelines (Vitest/Jest), configuring CI/CD, implementing remote caching, or optimizing build performance in monorepos
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name turborepo-monorepo description Provides comprehensive Turborepo monorepo management guidance for TypeScript/JavaScript projects. Use when creating Turborepo workspaces, configuring turbo.json tasks, setting up Next.js/NestJS apps, managing test pipelines (Vitest/Jest), configuring CI/CD, implementing remote caching, or optimizing build performance in monorepos allowed-tools Read, Write, Edit, Bash, Glob, Grep
Turborepo Monorepo
Overview
Provides guidance for Turborepo monorepo management: workspace creation, turbo.json task configuration, Next.js/NestJS integration, testing pipelines (Vitest/Jest), CI/CD setup, and build performance optimization.
When to Use
Create or initialize Turborepo workspaces
Configure turbo.json tasks with dependencies and outputs
Set up Next.js/NestJS apps in monorepo structure
Configure Vitest/Jest test pipelines
Build CI/CD workflows (GitHub Actions, GitLab CI)
Implement remote caching with Vercel Remote Cache
Optimize build times and cache hit ratios
Debug task dependency or cache issues
Migrate from other monorepo tools to Turborepo
Instructions
Workspace Creation
Create a new workspace:
pnpm create turbo@latest my-workspace
cd my-workspace
Initialize in existing project:
pnpm add -D -w turbo
Create turbo.json in root
{
"$schema" : "https://turborepo.dev/schema.json" ,
"pipeline" : {
"build" : { "dependsOn" : [ "^build" ] , "outputs" : [ "dist/**" , ".next/**" ] } ,
"lint" : { "outputs" : [ ] } ,
"test" : { "dependsOn" : [ "build" ] , "outputs" : [ "coverage/**" ] }
}
}
Add scripts to root package.json:
{ "scripts" : { "build" : "turbo run build" , "dev" : "turbo run dev" , "lint" : "turbo run lint" , "test" : "turbo run test" , "clean" : "turbo run clean" } }
Validate task graph before CI:
turbo run build --dry-run --filter=...
Task Configuration
Configure tasks in turbo.json:
{ "pipeline" : { "build" : { "dependsOn" : [ "^build" ] , "outputs" : [ "dist/**" ] } , "test" : { "dependsOn" : [ "build" ] , "outputs" : [ "coverage/**" ] } , "lint" : { "outputs" : [ ] } } }
Run tasks:
turbo run build
turbo run lint test build
turbo run build --filter=web
Parallel type checking (use transit nodes to avoid cache issues):
{ "pipeline" : { "transit" : { "dependsOn" : [ "^transit" ] } , "typecheck" : { "dependsOn" : [ "transit" ] } } }
Validate before committing:
turbo run build --dry-run
Framework Integration
Testing Setup
Vitest configuration:
{
"pipeline" : {
"test" : {
"outputs" : [ ] ,
"inputs" : [ "$TURBO_DEFAULT$" , "vitest.config.ts" ]
} ,
"test:watch" : {
"cache" : false ,
"persistent" : true }
}
}
Run affected tests:
turbo run test --filter=[HEAD^]
See references/testing-config.md for complete testing setup.
Package Configurations
Create package-specific turbo.json:
{
"extends" : [ "//" ] ,
"tasks" : {
"build" : {
"outputs" : [ "$TURBO_EXTENDS$" , ".next/**" ]
}
}
}
references/package-configs.md for detailed package configuration patterns.
CI/CD Setup
GitHub Actions with validation checkpoints:
- name: Install dependencies
run: pnpm install
- name: Validate affected packages (dry-run)
run: pnpm turbo run build --filter=[HEAD^] --dry-run
- name: Run tests
run: pnpm run test --filter=[HEAD^]
- name: Build affected packages
run: pnpm run build --filter=[HEAD^]
- name: Verify cache hits
run: pnpm turbo run build --filter=[HEAD^] --dry-run | grep "Cache"
Remote cache setup:
npx turbo login
npx turbo link
See references/ci-cd.md for complete CI/CD setup examples.
Task Properties Reference Property Description Example dependsOnTasks that must complete first ["^build"] - dependencies firstoutputsFiles/folders to cache ["dist/**"]inputsFiles for cache hash ["src/**/*.ts"]envEnvironment variables affecting hash ["DATABASE_URL"]cacheEnable/disable caching true or falsepersistentLong-running task true for dev serversoutputLogsLog verbosity "full", "new-only", "errors-only"
Dependency Patterns
^task - Run task in dependencies first (topological order)task - Run task in same package firstpackage#task - Run specific package's task
Filter Syntax Filter Description webOnly web package web...web + all dependencies ...webweb + all dependents ...web...web + deps + dependents [HEAD^]Packages changed since last commit ./apps/*All packages in apps/
Best Practices
Performance Optimization
Use specific outputs - Only cache what's neededFine-tune inputs - Exclude files that don't affect outputTransit nodes - Enable parallel type checkingRemote cache - Share cache across team/CIPackage configurations - Customize per-package behavior
Caching Strategy {
"pipeline" : {
"build" : {
"outputs" : [ "dist/**" ] ,
"inputs" : [ "$TURBO_DEFAULT$" , "!README.md" , "!**/*.md" ]
}
}
}
Task Organization
Independent tasks - No dependsOn: lint, format, spellcheckBuild tasks - dependsOn: ["^build"]: build, compileTest tasks - dependsOn: ["build"]: test, e2eDev tasks - cache: false, persistent: true: dev, watch
Common Issues
Tasks not running in order Problem: Tasks execute in wrong order
Solution: Check dependsOn configuration
{
"build" : {
"dependsOn" : [ "^build" ]
}
}
Cache misses on unchanged files Problem: Cache invalidating unexpectedly
Solution: Review globalDependencies and inputs
{
"globalDependencies" : [ "tsconfig.json" ] ,
"pipeline" : {
"build" : {
"inputs" : [ "$TURBO_DEFAULT$" , "!*.md" ]
}
}
}
Type errors after cache hit Problem: TypeScript errors not caught due to cache
Solution: Use transit nodes for type checking
{
"transit" : { "dependsOn" : [ "^transit" ] } ,
"typecheck" : { "dependsOn" : [ "transit" ] }
}
Examples
Example 1: Create New Workspace Input: "Create a Turborepo with Next.js and NestJS"
pnpm create turbo@latest my-workspace
cd my-workspace
pnpm add next react react-dom -F apps/web
pnpm add @nestjs/core @nestjs/common -F apps/api
Example 2: Configure Testing Pipeline Input: "Set up Vitest for all packages"
{
"pipeline" : {
"test" : {
"dependsOn" : [ "build" ] ,
"outputs" : [ "coverage/**" ] ,
"inputs" : [ "$TURBO_DEFAULT$" , "vitest.config.ts" ]
} ,
"test:watch" : {
"cache" : false ,
"persistent" : true }
}
}
Example 3: Run Affected Tests in CI Input: "Only test changed packages in CI"
pnpm run test --filter=[HEAD^]
Example 4: Debug Cache Issues Input: "Why is my cache missing?"
turbo run build --dry-run --filter=web
turbo run build --force --filter=web
Constraints and Warnings
Node.js 18+ is required for TurborepoPackage manager field required in root package.jsonOutputs must be specified for caching to workPersistent tasks cannot have dependentsWindows : WSL or Git Bash recommendedRemote cache requires Vercel account or self-hosted solutionLarge monorepos may need increased concurrency settings
Reference Files For detailed guidance on specific topics, consult:
