- name
- reliable-script-execution
- description
- Execute Python scripts reliably using file-first approach instead of heredoc
# Reliable Script Execution
When executing Python code via shell commands, avoid inline heredoc execution which can fail unpredictably with 'unknown error'. Use this two-step file-first approach for more reliable script execution.
## Problem
Direct heredoc Python execution like:
```bash
python3 << 'EOF'
# complex code here
EOF
```
Can fail with 'unknown error', especially when:
- Script contains multiple lines or complex logic
- Special characters or quotes are present
- Working directory context matters
## Solution: File-First Approach
### Step 1: Write Python Script to File
Use `write_file` to save your Python code to a `.py` file:
```
write_file(path="./temp_script.py", content="""
import json
data = {"key": "value"}
print(json.dumps(data))
""")
```
### Step 2: Execute via Shell
Use `run_shell` with explicit working directory:
```
run_shell(command="python3 ./temp_script.py", timeout=60)
```
### Step 3: Clean Up (Optional)
Remove temporary files after execution:
```
run_shell(command="rm ./temp_script.py")
```
## Complete Example
**Task**: Generate a JSON report with calculations
```
# Step 1: Write the script
write_file(
path="./generate_report.py",
content="""
import json
from datetime import datetime
revenue = 500000.00
expenses = 379577.06
net_income = revenue - expenses
report = {
"generated": datetime.now().isoformat(),
"revenue": revenue,
"expenses": expenses,
"net_income": net_income
}
print(json.dumps(report, indent=2))
"""
)
# Step 2: Execute
run_shell(command="python3 ./generate_report.py", timeout=60)
# Step 3: Clean up
run_shell(command="rm ./generate_report.py")
```
## Best Practices
1. **Use descriptive filenames**: Name scripts according to their purpose (e.g., `calculate_pnl.py`, `transform_data.py`)
2. **Set appropriate timeouts**: For data processing scripts, use longer timeouts (60-300 seconds)
3. **Specify working directory**: If the script depends on relative paths, include `cd /path && python3 script.py`
4. **Handle errors gracefully**: Check shell output for errors and retry if needed
5. **Clean up temporary files**: Don't leave `.py` files cluttering the workspace unless they need to persist
## When to Use This Pattern
- Executing multi-line Python code via shell
- Scripts with complex string handling or special characters
- When heredoc execution has failed previously
- Any scenario where reliability matters more than brevity
## Anti-Pattern to Avoid
Do NOT rely on heredoc for production-critical scripts:
```bash
# Unreliable - may fail with 'unknown error'
python3 << 'EOF'
# Your code here
EOF
```
Use file-first approach instead for consistent, debuggable execution.
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