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Nx monorepo build system, generators, executors, affected commands, caching, and project graph
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Unified design foundations — design system architecture, tokens, component specs, visual principles, creative vision, figma integration, plus brand design system loader (66 real brands via DESIGN.md). Absorbs design, design-system, design-systems, design-principles, design-router, creative-vision, figma, design-md.
Render, summarize, and present markdown documents and structured content in multiple output modes
Ultra UI skill - combines Google's DESIGN.md spec (machine-readable design tokens) with the ui-ux-pro-max knowledge base (91 styles, 161 palettes, 73 font pairings, 161 products, 104 UX guidelines, 25 chart types). Generates lint-clean DESIGN.md files, validates token references and WCAG contrast, exports Tailwind/DTCG tokens, and diffs design systems version-over-version.
Based on SOC occupation classification
| name | nx |
| description | Nx monorepo build system, generators, executors, affected commands, caching, and project graph |
| layer | domain |
| category | build-tools |
| triggers | ["nx","nx workspace","nx generate","nx affected","nx graph","nx.json","nx cloud","nx plugin"] |
| inputs | ["Monorepo architecture requirements","Build and test optimization needs","Project graph structure"] |
| outputs | ["Nx workspace configuration","Generator and executor setup","CI pipeline configuration","Caching and affected command strategies"] |
| linksTo | ["monorepo","cicd","turborepo","dev-workflow"] |
| linkedFrom | [] |
| preferredNextSkills | ["cicd","monorepo"] |
| fallbackSkills | ["turborepo","pnpm"] |
| riskLevel | low |
| memoryReadPolicy | selective |
| memoryWritePolicy | none |
| sideEffects | ["code generation","build artifacts"] |
Manage monorepos and large-scale projects with Nx. Covers workspace setup, the project graph, task orchestration with caching, generators for code scaffolding, executors for custom build steps, affected commands for CI optimization, Nx Cloud for distributed caching, and plugin development.
my-workspace/
nx.json # Nx configuration
package.json # Root package.json
tsconfig.base.json # Shared TS config
apps/
web/
project.json # App-specific Nx config
src/
api/
project.json
src/
libs/
shared/
ui/
project.json
src/
utils/
project.json
src/
data-access/
project.json
src/
tools/
generators/ # Custom workspace generators
{
"$schema": "./node_modules/nx/schemas/nx-schema.json",
"defaultBase": "main",
"namedInputs": {
"default": ["{projectRoot}/**/*", "sharedGlobals"],
"sharedGlobals": ["{workspaceRoot}/tsconfig.base.json", "{workspaceRoot}/.eslintrc.json"],
"production": [
"default",
"!{projectRoot}/**/*.spec.ts",
"!{projectRoot}/**/*.test.ts",
// apps/web/project.json
{
"name": "web",
"sourceRoot": "apps/web/src",
"projectType": "application",
"tags": ["scope:web", "type:app"],
"targets": {
"build": {
"executor": "@nx/next:build",
"outputs": ["{options.outputPath}"],
"options": {
"outputPath": "dist/apps/web"
},
"configurations": {
"production": {
"optimization": true,
"sourceMap": false
}
}
},
"serve": {
"executor": "@nx/next:server",
"options": { "buildTarget": "web:build", "port": 3000 }
},
"test": {
"executor": "@nx/jest:jest",
"options": {
"jestConfig": "apps/web/jest.config.ts",
"passWithNoTests": true
}
}
}
}
# Run targets
nx serve web # Dev server for app
nx build web # Build specific project
nx test shared-utils # Test specific library
nx lint web # Lint specific project
nx run web:build:production # Run target with configuration
# Run across projects
nx run-many -t build test lint # Run multiple targets across all projects
nx run-many -t build --projects=apps/* # Build all apps
nx run-many -t test --parallel=5 # Run tests in parallel
# Affected commands (only what changed since base)
nx affected -t build # Build only affected projects
nx affected -t test # Test only affected projects
nx affected -t lint --base=main # Lint affected since main branch
nx show projects --affected # List affected project names
# Project graph
nx graph # Open interactive dependency graph
nx graph --affected # Show only affected in graph
# Generators
nx generate @nx/next:app my-app # Scaffold a Next.js app
nx generate @nx/react:lib my-lib # Scaffold a React library
nx generate @nx/js:lib utils --directory=libs/shared # JS library
# Cache management
nx reset # Clear local cache
nx report # Show installed plugin versions
# Migrations
nx migrate latest # Update Nx and plugins
nx migrate --run-migrations # Apply pending migrations
// nx.json — plugins auto-detect and register targets
{
"plugins": [
{
"plugin": "@nx/vite/plugin",
"options": {
"buildTargetName": "build",
"testTargetName": "test",
"serveTargetName": "serve"
}
}
]
}
// No project.json needed — Nx infers targets from vite.config.ts presence
// .eslintrc.json (root)
{
"overrides": [
{
"files": ["*.ts", "*.tsx"],
"rules": {
"@nx/enforce-module-boundaries": [
"error",
{
"enforceBuildableLibDependency": true,
"allow": [],
"depConstraints": [
{ "sourceTag": "type:app", "onlyDependOnLibsWithTags": ["type:lib", "type:util"] },
{ "sourceTag": "type:lib", "onlyDependOnLibsWithTags": ["type:lib", "type:util"] },
{ "sourceTag": "type:util", "onlyDependOnLibsWithTags": ["type:util"] },
{ "sourceTag": "scope:web", "onlyDependOnLibsWithTags": ["scope:web", "scope:shared"] },
{ "sourceTag": "scope:api", "onlyDependOnLibsWithTags": ["scope:api", "scope:shared"] }
]
}
]
}
}
]
}
// tools/generators/feature-lib/index.ts
import {
Tree,
formatFiles,
generateFiles,
joinPathFragments,
names,
addProjectConfiguration,
} from "@nx/devkit";
interface Schema {
name: string;
scope: "web" | "api" | "shared";
}
export default async function featureLibGenerator(tree: Tree, schema: Schema) {
const { className, propertyName, fileName } = names(schema.name);
const projectRoot = joinPathFragments("libs", schema.scope, fileName);
addProjectConfiguration(tree, `${schema.scope}-${fileName}`, {
root: projectRoot,
sourceRoot: `${projectRoot}/src`,
projectType: "library",
tags: [`scope:${schema.scope}`, "type:lib"],
targets: {},
});
generateFiles(tree, joinPathFragments(__dirname, "files"), projectRoot, {
className,
propertyName,
fileName,
scope: schema.scope,
tmpl: "", // Strips __tmpl__ from filenames
});
await formatFiles(tree);
}
// tools/generators/feature-lib/schema.json
{
"$schema": "https://json-schema.org/schema",
"id": "feature-lib",
"title": "Feature Library Generator",
"type": "object",
"properties": {
"name": { "type": "string", "description": "Library name", "$default": { "$source": "argv", "index": 0 } },
"scope": { "type": "string", "enum": ["web", "api", "shared"], "description": "Scope tag" }
},
"required": ["name", "scope"]
}
# Use the custom generator
nx generate @myorg/tools:feature-lib auth --scope=shared
# .github/workflows/ci.yml
name: CI
on:
push:
branches: [main]
pull_request:
jobs:
main:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
with:
fetch-depth: 0 # Needed for affected commands
- uses: pnpm/action-setup@v4
with:
version: 9
- uses: actions/setup-node@v4
with:
node-version: 22
cache: pnpm
- run: pnpm install --frozen-lockfile
# Set SHAs for affected commands
- uses: nrwl/nx-set-shas@v4
# Run only what's affected
- run: pnpm nx affected -t lint test build --parallel=3
# Or with Nx Cloud for distributed task execution
# - run: pnpm nx-cloud start-ci-run --distribute-on="3 linux-medium-js"
# - run: pnpm nx affected -t lint test build
# Connect workspace to Nx Cloud
npx nx connect
# CI sees cache hits from other developers and CI runs
# Local dev benefits from CI cache — never rebuild what CI already built
@nx/enforce-module-boundariesproject.json targetsaffected in CI — only run tasks for projects impacted by the current changesetnamedInputs — separate production inputs from test inputs for precise cache invalidationdependsOn: ["^build"] for build targets — ensures dependencies are built first--parallel with a reasonable limit (3-5) — over-parallelization causes memory issuesnx migrate regularly — keeps plugins compatible and applies codemods automatically| Anti-Pattern | Why It's Bad | Do Instead |
|---|---|---|
| Huge monolithic libraries | Poor cache granularity, slow rebuilds | Split into focused feature libraries |
| No module boundary rules | Circular deps, spaghetti architecture | Configure tag-based constraints |
cache: false on everything | Defeats Nx's primary value proposition | Only disable cache for non-deterministic tasks |
Skipping fetch-depth: 0 in CI | Affected commands can't diff properly | Always fetch full history |
Manual project.json for everything | Verbose, hard to maintain | Use plugin-inferred targets |
| Running all targets, not affected | Wastes CI time on unchanged code | Use nx affected -t ... |
Ignoring nx migrate | Version drift between plugins | Run migrations on a regular cadence |
Putting all code in apps/ | No code sharing, duplicated logic | Extract shared code into libs/ |
| Scenario | Recommendation |
|---|---|
| New monorepo, JS/TS stack | Nx with integrated repo setup |
| Existing monorepo, add build orchestration | Nx with package-based setup (less invasive) |
| Need distributed CI caching | Enable Nx Cloud (free for open source) |
| Enforce architecture rules | Module boundaries with scope/type tags |
| Scaffold new projects consistently | Custom generators in tools/generators/ |
| Need to support multiple frameworks | Nx plugins: @nx/next, @nx/react, @nx/node, @nx/nest |
| Compare with Turborepo | Nx has richer graph analysis, generators, and plugin ecosystem |
| Small project (1-3 packages) | Turborepo or plain pnpm workspaces may be simpler |