mobile-development

name	mobile-development
description	Use when targeting Android/iOS — export and signing, permissions, plugins, in-app purchases, ads, app lifecycle, device features, and mobile performance

Mobile Development

Ship a Godot 4.x game to Android and iOS. This covers the platform-specific deltas beyond a generic export: signing, lifecycle, permissions, plugins, IAP, device features, and the mobile renderer/perf budget.

Related skills: export-pipeline for the generic export flow and CI/CD, responsive-ui for safe-area layout, input-handling for touch, godot-optimization for mobile performance, csharp-godot for C# mobile caveats.

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1. Export & signing

Android: OpenJDK 17 and the Android SDK; set Java SDK Path + Android SDK Path in Editor Settings (per-user, not per-project). Generate a release keystore:

keytool -v -genkey -keystore mygame.keystore -alias mygame -keyalg RSA -validity 10000

Preset fields: Release / Release User / Release Password (keystore and key passwords must currently match); uncheck Export With Debug. AAB is mandatory for new Play uploads. CI env overrides: GODOT_ANDROID_KEYSTORE_RELEASE_{PATH,USER,PASSWORD}.

iOS: macOS + Xcode. Export needs an App Store Team ID + a reverse-DNS bundle Identifier; Godot generates an .xcodeproj you build from Xcode. The iOS simulator supports the Compatibility renderer only.

A custom Gradle build (Project → Install the Gradle Build template) is required for v2 plugins and IAP (Godot 4.2+). Since Godot 4.7 the Use Gradle Build export option is no longer marked experimental (GH-119172) — treat it as the standard path when you need plugins or IAP.

⚠️ Changed in Godot 4.7: Deprecated Google Play OBB expansion-file support was removed from the Android export. Projects still relying on APK expansion files must migrate to Play Asset Delivery or PCK patching. See GH-118283.

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2. App lifecycle

Real Node notification constants: NOTIFICATION_APPLICATION_PAUSED (2015), NOTIFICATION_APPLICATION_RESUMED (2014), NOTIFICATION_APPLICATION_FOCUS_IN/_OUT (2016/2017), NOTIFICATION_WM_GO_BACK_REQUEST (1007, Android Back). There is no WM_CLOSE_REQUEST on mobile. Autosave on PAUSED; iOS gives ~5 s after pause to finish work before it kills the app.

GDScript

func _notification(what: int) -> void:
    match what:
        NOTIFICATION_APPLICATION_PAUSED:
            SaveManager.save_game() # App backgrounded — persist now.
        NOTIFICATION_WM_GO_BACK_REQUEST:
            _confirm_quit()         # Android Back button.

C# Equivalent

The docs only show NotificationWMCloseRequest verbatim; these PascalCase names follow the same convention.

public override void _Notification(int what)
{
    switch ((long)what)
    {
        case NotificationApplicationPaused:
            SaveManager.SaveGame(); // App backgrounded — persist now.
            break;
        case NotificationWMGoBackRequest:
            ConfirmQuit();          // Android Back button.
            break;
    }
}

Picture-in-Picture (Android, Godot 4.7+)

DisplayServer.pip_mode_enter(window_id = 0) enters picture-in-picture mode; is_in_pip_mode(window_id = 0) reports the current state; pip_mode_set_aspect_ratio(numerator, denominator, window_id = 0) sets the PiP window's aspect ratio; pip_mode_set_auto_enter_on_background(auto_enter_on_background, window_id = 0) enters PiP automatically when the app goes to the background. Transitions arrive as Node notifications: NOTIFICATION_APPLICATION_PIP_MODE_ENTERED (2019) / NOTIFICATION_APPLICATION_PIP_MODE_EXITED (2020). All Android-only.

func _ready() -> void:
    DisplayServer.pip_mode_set_aspect_ratio(16, 9)
    DisplayServer.pip_mode_set_auto_enter_on_background(true)

func _notification(what: int) -> void:
    match what:
        NOTIFICATION_APPLICATION_PIP_MODE_ENTERED:
            _set_minimal_hud(true)  # PiP window is tiny — hide non-essential UI.
        NOTIFICATION_APPLICATION_PIP_MODE_EXITED:
            _set_minimal_hud(false)

public override void _Ready()
{
    DisplayServer.PipModeSetAspectRatio(16, 9);
    DisplayServer.PipModeSetAutoEnterOnBackground(true);
}

public override void _Notification(int what)
{
    switch ((long)what)
    {
        case NotificationApplicationPipModeEntered:
            SetMinimalHud(true);  // PiP window is tiny — hide non-essential UI.
            break;
        case NotificationApplicationPipModeExited:
            SetMinimalHud(false);
            break;
    }
}

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3. Permissions

Declare each permission in the export preset as permissions/<name>; request it at runtime with OS.request_permission(name). The result arrives via MainLoop's on_request_permissions_result(permission, granted). The permission must also be enabled in the preset, not just requested.

GDScript

func _ready():
    if "android.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS" not in OS.get_granted_permissions():
        OS.request_permission("android.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS")
    get_tree().on_request_permissions_result.connect(_on_perm_result)

func _on_perm_result(permission: String, granted: bool):
    print("%s granted: %s" % [permission, granted])

C# Equivalent

public override void _Ready()
{
    if (!OS.GetGrantedPermissions().Contains("android.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS"))
        OS.RequestPermission("android.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS");
    GetTree().OnRequestPermissionsResult += OnPermResult;
}

private void OnPermResult(string permission, bool granted)
    => GD.Print($"{permission} granted: {granted}");

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4. Calling Android APIs (JavaClassWrapper) — Godot 4.4+

Godot 4.4+ only. JavaClassWrapper.wrap("<java.class>") calls Java/Kotlin classes with no plugin; the AndroidRuntime singleton (Engine.get_singleton("AndroidRuntime")) exposes getActivity(), getApplicationContext(), and createRunnableFromGodotCallable(callable).

The simpler cross-platform alternative needs no 4.4: Input.vibrate_handheld(duration_ms, amplitude) (requires the VIBRATE permission; iOS needs iOS 13+). See Plugins for the full JavaClassWrapper/AndroidRuntime API, Toast/Intent recipes, and inner-class syntax.

GDScript

# Godot 4.4+ — requires the VIBRATE permission in the export preset.
func vibrate_ms(duration_ms: int) -> void:
    if Engine.has_singleton("AndroidRuntime"):
        var runtime := Engine.get_singleton("AndroidRuntime")
        var context := runtime.getApplicationContext()
        var vibrator := context.getSystemService("vibrator")
        if vibrator.hasVibrator():
            var Effect = JavaClassWrapper.wrap("android.os.VibrationEffect")
            var effect = Effect.createOneShot(duration_ms, Effect.DEFAULT_AMPLITUDE)
            vibrator.vibrate(effect)

C# Equivalent

The docs are GDScript-only here; the exact C# Variant-marshaling chain (.AsGodotObject() on each Java return) is untested against a device — verify on a real 4.4+ Android build.

// Godot 4.4+ — requires the VIBRATE permission in the export preset.
public void VibrateMs(int durationMs)
{
    if (!Engine.HasSingleton("AndroidRuntime")) return;
    var runtime = Engine.GetSingleton("AndroidRuntime");
    var context = runtime.Call("getApplicationContext").AsGodotObject();
    var vibrator = context.Call("getSystemService", "vibrator").AsGodotObject();
    if (vibrator.Call("hasVibrator").AsBool())
    {
        var effect = JavaClassWrapper.Wrap("android.os.VibrationEffect");
        var oneShot = effect.Call("createOneShot", durationMs, effect.Get("DEFAULT_AMPLITUDE"));
        vibrator.Call("vibrate", oneShot);
    }
}

Implementing Java Interfaces from Script (Godot 4.7+)

JavaClassWrapper.create_proxy(object: Object, interfaces: PackedStringArray) -> JavaObject implements the given Java interfaces using a Godot object — the object's method signatures must match the Java interfaces' method signatures, and Java calls route to the matching method. create_sam_callback(sam_interface: String, callable: Callable) -> JavaObject covers single-abstract-method (SAM) interfaces with a Callable matching the SAM method's parameters and return type. Both return null on every platform except Android.

class PrintProxy:
    func println(content: String) -> void:
        print(content)

func _demo() -> void:
    var print_proxy := PrintProxy.new()
    var printer := JavaClassWrapper.create_proxy(print_proxy, ["android.util.Printer"])
    printer.println("Hello Godot World!")

    var cb := func(content: String) -> void: print(content)
    var callback := JavaClassWrapper.create_sam_callback("android.util.Printer", cb)
    callback.println("Hello Godot World!")

The docs are GDScript-only here. CreateProxy matches methods by their registered name, so a C# implementation class would need method names matching the Java interface exactly — prefer CreateSamCallback from C#:

var cb = Callable.From((string content) => GD.Print(content));
var callback = JavaClassWrapper.CreateSamCallback("android.util.Printer", cb);
callback.Call("println", "Hello Godot World!");

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5. Device features & safe area

DisplayServer.get_display_safe_area() -> Rect2i (Android/iOS) returns the usable region inside notches/cutouts; get_display_cutouts() (Android) lists the cutout rects. Motion sensors live on Input (get_accelerometer/gravity/gyroscope/magnetometer, returning Vector3, Android/iOS only).

GDScript

func _ready():
    var safe := DisplayServer.get_display_safe_area() # Rect2i
    $UI.position = safe.position
    $UI.size = safe.size

C# Equivalent

public override void _Ready()
{
    Rect2I safe = DisplayServer.GetDisplaySafeArea();
    var ui = GetNode<Control>("UI");
    ui.Position = safe.Position;
    ui.Size = safe.Size;
}

Native file dialogs (DisplayServer.file_dialog_show()) are supported on Android; since Godot 4.7 the native file picker works on all devices — the Android version check gating FEATURE_NATIVE_DIALOG_FILE support was removed (GH-115257).

Godot 4.7+: For on-screen touch joysticks, use the built-in VirtualJoystick Control node instead of a hand-rolled TouchScreenButton rig — see input-handling (§ 6, "VirtualJoystick (Godot 4.7+)") for the full API.

Device Orientation Signal (Godot 4.7+)

DisplayServer.orientation_changed(orientation: int) (Android/iOS) fires when the device orientation changes: 1 portrait, 2 landscape, 0 undefined.

func _ready() -> void:
    DisplayServer.orientation_changed.connect(_on_orientation_changed)

func _on_orientation_changed(orientation: int) -> void:
    _relayout_hud(orientation == 2)  # 1 portrait, 2 landscape, 0 undefined.

public override void _Ready()
{
    DisplayServer.Singleton.Connect(DisplayServer.SignalName.OrientationChanged,
        Callable.From((long orientation) => RelayoutHud(orientation == 2)));
}

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6. Mobile performance & renderer

Use the Mobile (or Compatibility) renderer; the iOS simulator is Compatibility-only. Enable rendering/textures/vram_compression/import_etc2_astc = true (ETC2/ASTC) for Android texture compression. Keep single-arch APKs small; AABs split per-device automatically. Defer deep draw-call/batching tuning to godot-optimization.

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7. C# on mobile

C# Android/iOS export is Godot 4.2+ but experimental. Android C# export requires .NET 9+ (with Godot 4.5); iOS export only from macOS, and the simulator templates are x64-only. C# cannot export to Web. Test the C# export pipeline early — it is the riskiest part of a C# mobile project.

Deeper: Plugins (Android v2 / iOS) · In-app purchases & ads · Crash debugging

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Implementation Checklist

• Release keystore (Android) / provisioning + Team ID (iOS) configured
• AAB for Play uploads; Gradle build installed if using v2 plugins or IAP
• Autosave wired to NOTIFICATION_APPLICATION_PAUSED (iOS ~5 s budget respected)
• Required permissions enabled in the preset AND requested at runtime
• JavaClassWrapper usage labeled Godot 4.4+; fallbacks for 4.3 if needed
• UI anchored inside get_display_safe_area(); notch/cutout handled
• Mobile/Compatibility renderer + ETC2/ASTC compression enabled
• C# projects: verified .NET 9+ for Android export
• Play OBB/APK expansion files migrated to Play Asset Delivery or PCK patching (removed in Godot 4.7)
• PiP (Android): aspect ratio + auto-enter configured; HUD reacts to the PIP_MODE notifications (Godot 4.7+)