- name
- debug-test-failures
- description
- Systematic debugging workflow for test failures. Use when tests are failing, a CI build is red, or when asked to debug test issues.
- source
- Internal engineering practices
- domain
- testing
- level
- intermediate
- agents
- ["backend-dev","gis","ui","backend-validation"]
- created_date
- 2026-04-27
- last_validated
- validated_by
- status
- draft
- allowed-tools
- shell
# Debug Test Failures
## Overview
A systematic process for diagnosing and fixing test failures. Use this skill when tests fail, CI is red, or someone reports a broken build. The key principle: **find the root cause, not just the symptom**.
## Key Concepts
### Failure Categories
- **Deterministic failure**: Same result every time. Usually a code bug or outdated test.
- **Flaky failure**: Intermittent. Usually caused by timing, ordering, shared state, or external dependencies.
- **Environment failure**: Works locally, fails in CI. Usually paths, permissions, or missing dependencies.
## Patterns & Techniques
### Systematic Debugging Process
**Step 1: Reproduce**
Run the failing test in isolation:
```bash
# Python tests
cd hastelib && hatch run test:pytest
# UI lint
cd ui && npm run lint
```
Run it 2-3 times. If intermittent, it's likely flaky.
**Step 2: Analyze**
- Read the error message and stack trace carefully
- Identify the assertion that failed: expected vs actual values
- Check if the failure is in the test or the code under test
**Step 3: Investigate**
- Read the test code to understand what it's testing
- Read the production code being tested
- Check recent changes to both
- Common root causes:
- Changed function signatures or return types
- Modified data structures
- New dependencies not mocked
- Environment differences (paths, timezones, locale)
- Race conditions in async code
**Step 4: Fix**
- Fix the root cause, not just the symptom
- If the test is wrong (testing outdated behavior), update the test
- If the code is wrong, fix the code
- Run the full test suite: `cd hastelib && hatch run test:pytest`
**Step 5: Report**
Summarize: root cause, fix applied, verification that all tests pass.
## Decision Framework
| Symptom | Likely Cause | Action |
|---------|-------------|--------|
| Test always fails | Code bug or outdated test | Read both, fix the wrong one |
| Test passes locally, fails in CI | Environment difference | Check paths, deps, permissions |
| Test fails intermittently | Timing, shared state, or ordering | Add isolation, remove shared state |
| Many tests fail at once | Breaking change in shared code | Find the common dependency |
## Common Pitfalls
- **Fixing the test to match broken code** — Verify the code is correct before changing the test
- **Adding sleep() to fix flaky tests** — Fix the root cause (usually missing await or shared state)
- **Only running the fixed test** — Always run the full suite to check for regressions
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