cloud-functions

name	cloud-functions
description	CloudBase function runtime guide for building, deploying, and debugging your own Event Functions or HTTP Functions. This skill should be used when users need application runtime code on CloudBase, not when they are merely calling CloudBase official platform APIs.
version	2.33.0
alwaysApply	false

Sibling skills (local only)

Sibling CloudBase skills ship beside this skill. Use local relative paths such as ../auth-tool-cloudbase/SKILL.md.

If a referenced sibling skill file is missing from this environment, ask the user to install the full CloudBase plugin (or the missing skill). Do not HTTP-fetch remote skill or protocol markdown into the agent context.

Cross-cutting protocols (required before code changes or deployments):

• Change Safety Protocol: ../cloudbase-platform/references/protocols/change-safety-protocol.md
• Deployment Gate: ../cloudbase-platform/references/protocols/deployment-gate.md
• Sensitive Runtime Data Protection: ../cloudbase-platform/references/protocols/sensitive-runtime-data-protection.md

Cloud Functions Development

Activation Contract

Use this first when

• The task is to create, update, deploy, inspect, or debug a CloudBase Event Function or HTTP Function that serves application runtime logic.
• The request mentions function runtime, function logs, scf_bootstrap, function triggers, or function gateway exposure.

Read before writing code if

• You still need to decide between Event Function and HTTP Function.
• The task mentions manageFunctions, queryFunctions, manageGateway, or legacy function-tool names.
• The task might require callCloudApi as a fallback for logs or gateway setup.
• An HTTP Function will call CloudBase resources through @cloudbase/node-sdk or @cloudbase/manager-node -> read ./references/http-function-credentials.md. HTTP Functions must use explicit credentials; do not rely on the Event Function passwordless runtime path.

Exception only (do not read by default)

• Migrating an existing app that already uses classic TCP DB clients (DATABASE_URL / Prisma / mysql2 / pg / Redis) → read ./references/vpc-and-tcp-database.md via ./references.md. New business CRUD must prefer CloudBase native SDK (app.database() / app.rdb()) or MCP SQL tools instead of TCP.

Then also read

• Detailed reference routing -> ./references.md
• Auth setup or provider-related backend work -> ../auth-tool-cloudbase/SKILL.md
• CloudBase Integration Center generated WeChat Pay or Official Account functions -> ../cloudbase-wechat-integration/SKILL.md (official docs: https://docs.cloudbase.net/integration/introduce/index.md)
• AI in functions -> ../ai-model-nodejs/SKILL.md
• Long-lived container services or Agent runtimes -> ../cloudrun-development/SKILL.md
• Calling CloudBase official platform APIs from a client or script -> ../http-api-cloudbase/SKILL.md

Do NOT use for

• CloudRun container services.
• Web authentication UI implementation.
• Database-schema design or general data-model work.
• CloudBase official platform API clients or raw HTTP integrations that only consume platform endpoints.
• Creating Integration Center instances through guessed APIs. For WeChat Pay or Official Account generated functions, use cloudbase-wechat-integration for the business contract and this skill only for function operations.
• Tasks that the CloudBase JS SDK can handle directly — simple data reads/writes, leaderboards, file uploads, real-time queries. Reach for the matching SDK surface before writing a function: db.collection(...).get/add/update only for confirmed NoSQL collections, and app.rdb().from(...) for CloudBase PG tables. Functions add deployment complexity, CORS configuration, and HTTP gateway binding that the SDK eliminates entirely.

Common mistakes / gotchas

• Picking the wrong function type and trying to compensate later.
• Confusing official CloudBase API client work with building your own HTTP function.
• Mixing Event Function code shape (exports.main(event, context)) with HTTP Function code shape (req / res on port 9000).
• Treating HTTP Access as the implementation model for HTTP Functions. HTTP Access is a gateway configuration for Event Functions, not the HTTP Function runtime model.
• Assuming db.collection("name").add(...) will create a missing document-database collection automatically. Collection creation is a separate management step.
• Forgetting that runtime cannot be changed after creation.
• Using cloud functions as the first answer for Web login.
• Forgetting that HTTP Functions must ship scf_bootstrap, listen on port 9000, and include dependencies.
• Assuming an HTTP Function can use CloudBase SDKs without explicit credentials. The default temporary credential path is not reliable for HTTP Functions and credential rotation can break a running service. Use a CloudBase server API Key or Tencent Cloud key pair for @cloudbase/node-sdk; use a Tencent Cloud key pair for @cloudbase/manager-node. See references/http-function-credentials.md.
• Forgetting to configure function security rules after creating an HTTP Function. Default rules reject anonymous callers with EXCEED_AUTHORITY. Note: anonymous login is disabled by default for new environments — if the function needs public access without authentication, configure the security rule to allow all callers rather than relying on anonymous login.
• Mismatching the scf_bootstrap Node.js binary path with the function runtime (e.g. using /var/lang/node18/bin/node but setting runtime: "Nodejs16.13").
• For Custom Image HTTP Functions: forgetting that TCR, the CloudApp build, and SCF must be in the same region; using :latest instead of a unique tag; or confusing the request-driven port-9000 image model with a long-lived CloudRun container that listens on the injected PORT.
• Assuming MCP covers the whole image pipeline. manageFunctions covers SCF image deploy (Stage B) via runtime: "CustomImage" + imageConfig, but the CloudApp custom build → TCR push (Stage A) is a raw Tencent Cloud API path — confirm action names and parameters from official docs before any fallback.

Minimal checklist

• Read Cloud Functions Execution Checklist before deployment or runtime changes.
• Decide whether the task is Event Function, HTTP Function, or actually CloudRun.
• Pick the detailed reference file in references.md before writing implementation code.

MCP image deployment with polling

For real cloud or local custom-image deployments, prefer:

{
  "action": "deployFunction",
  "dryRun": false,
  "confirm": true,
  "wait": false,
  "deployConfig": {}
}

The wait field controls whether the current MCP Tool call waits for the complete deployment:

• wait=true: wait for the manager deployment to reach a terminal result and return it.
• wait=false: return a taskId promptly while the deployment continues in the MCP background.

When wait=false returns a taskId, the deployment workflow is not complete. Automatically call queryFunctions with action="getFunctionDeployStatus" and that taskId; continue while the status is running, then stop only at succeeded or failed. Wait about 5 seconds before the first follow-up query and use the returned progress/nextActions to continue without aggressive polling. Do not tell the user to ask again or imply success before a terminal status is returned. An expired status means the task exceeded the maximum retention window and was force-terminated locally — the cloud deployment may still be in progress, so confirm the real state with getFunctionDetail instead of reporting failure.

If a reasonable polling limit is reached, report only that the task is still running, including the taskId, current status, current stage, and latest progress. For a terminal result, report the deployment strategy, action, image URI/digest, build ID, function status, Gateway URL, or the failed stage, error code, request ID, and diagnostic next step.

Personal-tier TCR credentials — never put the password in tool arguments

Personal-tier image builds (imageConfig.imageType="personal" with local / cloud) need a TCR push credential. Read it from the MCP process environment, not from tool arguments:

• Leave func.imageConfig.build.registryCredential out of the request when TCB_TCR_USERNAME and TCB_TCR_PASSWORD are set in the MCP server env block — the MCP fills them in automatically, the same way TENCENTCLOUD_SECRETID works.
• Never ask the user to paste the password into chat, and never write it into tool arguments. Anything placed in arguments enters the model context and the tool-call history.
• If deployment fails with CLOUD_REGISTRY_CREDENTIAL_MISSING or CLOUD_REGISTRY_CREDENTIAL_INVALID, instruct the user to add these two variables to the env block of their MCP configuration and restart the MCP server. Do not work around it by passing the credential inline.
• The username is the Tencent Cloud account UIN and is not itself a secret; it may be passed explicitly if needed. Explicit arguments take precedence per field, so username-in-argument plus password-from-environment is a valid combination.

Know when that environment channel does not exist. It works only for a local stdio MCP server whose client configuration exposes a custom env block. Some GUI clients do not inherit shell exports, and IDE-embedded MCP servers usually inject credentials from a hard-coded allowlist (often only TENCENTCLOUD_*), leaving the user no way to set arbitrary variables. Telling those users to "set it in the MCP env block" is an instruction they cannot act on. Route them to an enterprise registry (imageType="enterprise", which mints a short-lived TCR token instead of using a fixed password) or to buildStrategy="image" with an already-pushed image.

Enterprise-tier builds require a login state with CAM permission

cloud / local builds against an enterprise registry mint a TCR token through CAM (as does autoGrant). Environment-level API Keys and OAuth-issued STS credentials carry no CAM policy, so those calls fail with UnauthorizedOperation. The MCP probes the login state before starting a real enterprise build and refuses up front rather than failing midway; treat that error as a routing signal, not a retryable fault:

• Sign in with an account-level TENCENTCLOUD_SECRETID / TENCENTCLOUD_SECRETKEY pair, or
• Switch to buildStrategy="image" and deploy an image that was pushed elsewhere, or
• Use a personal-tier registry — its static password goes straight to docker login without touching CAM, which makes it the one build path that does work for API Key users.

Writing mode at a glance

• If the request is for SDK calls, timers, or event-driven workflows, write an Event Function with exports.main = async (event, context) => {}.
• If the request is for REST APIs, browser-facing endpoints, SSE, or WebSocket, write an HTTP Function with req / res on port 9000.
• For Node.js HTTP Functions, default to the native http module unless the user explicitly asks for Express, Koa, NestJS, or another framework.
• If the HTTP Function needs custom system libraries or an arbitrary runtime but should still be SCF request-driven and scale to zero, deploy it as a Custom Image HTTP Function (Runtime: CustomImage) from a TCR image. The container still listens on the fixed port 9000. See ./references/http-functions-custom-image.md. This is distinct from a CloudRun container, which listens on the injected PORT and runs long-lived.
• 有 Dockerfile 的 HTTP 无状态服务可优先考虑 HTTP 云函数，不必上云托管 — a Dockerfile alone does not mean CloudRun. If the service is stateless, request-driven HTTP without long connections / custom runtime / VPC database access, prefer an HTTP Function (or Custom Image HTTP Function) — faster to deploy, cheaper, and no CloudRun environment initialization needed. Route to CloudRun (../cloudrun-development/SKILL.md) only for WebSocket/SSE long connections, stable independent processes, custom system dependencies, or VPC DB access.
• If the user mentions HTTP access for an existing Event Function, keep the Event Function code shape and add gateway access separately.

HTTP Function authoring contract

Use these rules whenever you are writing the function code itself:

• Do not write an HTTP Function as exports.main(event, context). That is the Event Function contract.
• Treat the function as a standard web server process that must listen on port 9000.
• With Node.js, prefer http.createServer((req, res) => { ... }) by default so the runtime contract stays explicit.
• With the Node.js native http module, do not assume Express-style helpers exist. req.body, req.query, and req.params are not provided for you.
• For Node.js HTTP Functions, choose one module system up front and keep it consistent. Default to CommonJS for simple functions (require(...), no "type": "module" in package.json) unless you explicitly want ES Modules.
• If you do choose ES Modules ("type": "module" + import ...), do not mix in CommonJS-only globals or APIs such as require(...), module.exports, or bare __dirname. In ESM, derive file paths from import.meta.url with fileURLToPath(...) only when needed.
• With the native http module, parse req.url yourself with new URL(...), collect the request body from the stream, and only then call JSON.parse. Empty bodies should be handled explicitly instead of assuming JSON is always present.
• Return responses explicitly with res.writeHead(...) and res.end(...), including Content-Type such as application/json; charset=utf-8 for JSON APIs.
• Handle CORS headers. Browsers block cross-origin requests without proper CORS headers. Default to allowing all origins for simple APIs:
  • Respond to OPTIONS preflight with 200 and CORS headers
  • Include Access-Control-Allow-Origin: * (or specific origin) on all responses
  • Include Access-Control-Allow-Methods: GET, POST, OPTIONS as needed
  • Include Access-Control-Allow-Headers: Content-Type for JSON requests
• Keep routing and method handling explicit. Unknown paths should return 404, and known paths with unsupported methods should normally return .

Quick decision table

Question	Choose
Triggered by SDK calls or timers?	Event Function
Needs browser-facing HTTP endpoint?	HTTP Function
Needs SSE or WebSocket service?	HTTP Function
Needs custom system libraries / arbitrary runtime, but still SCF request-driven + scale-to-zero?	HTTP Function with Runtime: CustomImage (deploy from a TCR image)
Has a Dockerfile but is a stateless HTTP service (no long connections / custom runtime / VPC DB)?	HTTP Function (or Custom Image HTTP Function) — not CloudRun
Needs long-lived container runtime or custom system environment?	CloudRun
Only needs HTTP access for an existing Event Function?	Event Function + gateway access

How to use this skill (for a coding agent)

1. Choose the correct runtime model first

   • Event Function -> exports.main(event, context)
   • HTTP Function -> web server on port 9000
   • If the requirement is really a container service, reroute to CloudRun early

2. Use the converged MCP entrances

   • Reads -> queryFunctions, queryGateway
   • Writes -> manageFunctions, manageGateway
   • Translate legacy names before acting rather than copying them literally

3. Write code and deploy, do not stop at local files

   • Use manageFunctions(action="createFunction") for creation
   • Use manageFunctions(action="updateFunctionCode") for code updates
   • Use manageFunctions(action="updateFunctionConfig") for config updates (timeout, memorySize, envVariables)
   • For a Custom Image HTTP Function, call manageFunctions(action="createFunction") with func.runtime="CustomImage" and imageConfig (imageUri with tag; registryId for enterprise TCR); iterate later with manageFunctions(action="updateFunctionCode") + imageConfig. No functionRootPath is needed because the code lives in the image. See ./references/http-functions-custom-image.md.
   • Keep functionRootPath as the directory that directly contains function folders (e.g., cloudfunctions/ or functions/), NOT the project root and NOT the function subdirectory itself
   • Prefer MCP when available — use manageFunctions and queryFunctions when those tools are in this session
   • CLI fallback when MCP is missing — if function tools are not loaded (first session / pre-restart), configure MCP for next time, then use tcb fn deploy via ../cloudbase-cli/SKILL.md (see guideline tooling-fallback.md). Do not stall waiting for restart.
   • Do NOT invent CLI when the runtime has no shell — if only MCP exists and it works, stay on MCP; if neither works, report the gap

Database write reminder

• If a function will write to CloudBase document database, create the target collection first through console or management tooling.
• db.collection("feedback").add(...) only inserts into an existing collection; it does not auto-create feedback when absent.
• If the product requirement says "create when missing", implement that as an explicit collection-management step before the first write instead of assuming the runtime write call will provision it.

Function types comparison

Feature	Event Function	HTTP Function
Primary trigger	SDK call, timer, event	HTTP request
Entry shape	exports.main(event, context)	web server with req / res
Port	No port	Must listen on 9000
scf_bootstrap	Not required	Required
Dependencies	Auto-installed from package.json	Must be packaged with function code
Best for	serverless handlers, scheduled jobs	APIs, SSE, WebSocket, browser-facing services

Minimal code skeletons

Event Function hello world

cloudfunctions/hello-event/index.js

exports.main = async (event, context) => {
  // Do not return event/context/process.env — they may contain platform secrets.
  const name = typeof event?.name === "string" ? event.name : "world";
  return {
    ok: true,
    message: `hello ${name} from event function`,
  };
};

cloudfunctions/hello-event/package.json

{
  "name": "hello-event",
  "version": "1.0.0"
}

HTTP Function hello world

cloudfunctions/hello-http/index.js

const http = require("http");
const { URL } = require("url");

// CORS headers — default to * for simple cross-origin APIs
const CORS_HEADERS = {
  "Access-Control-Allow-Origin": "*",
  "Access-Control-Allow-Methods": "GET, POST, OPTIONS",
  "Access-Control-Allow-Headers": "Content-Type",
};

function sendJson(res, statusCode, data) {
  res.writeHead(statusCode, {
    "Content-Type": "application/json; charset=utf-8",
    ...CORS_HEADERS,
  });
  res.end(JSON.stringify(data));
}

function sendOptions(res) {
  res.writeHead(204, CORS_HEADERS);
  res.end();
}

function readJsonBody(req) {
  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    let raw = "";
    req.on("data", (chunk) => { raw += chunk; });
    req.on("end",  {
       (!raw) { ({}); ; }
       { (.(raw)); }  (e) { ({}); }
    });
    req.(, reject);
  });
}

 server = http.( (req, res) => {
  
   (req. === ) {
     (res);
  }

   url =  (req. || , );

   (req. ===  && url. === ) {
    (res, , { : , :  });
  }   (req. ===  && url. === ) {
     body =  (req);
    (res, , { : body });
  }  {
    (res, , { :  });
  }
});

server.();

For a more complete example with routing, method checks, and error handling, see ./references/http-functions.md.

cloudfunctions/hello-http/scf_bootstrap

#!/bin/bash
/var/lang/node18/bin/node index.js

The scf_bootstrap binary path must match the runtime — see the full mapping table in ./references/http-functions.md.

cloudfunctions/hello-http/package.json

{
  "name": "hello-http",
  "version": "1.0.0"
}

Preferred tool map

Function management

• queryFunctions(action="listFunctions"|"getFunctionDetail")
• manageFunctions(action="createFunction")
• manageFunctions(action="updateFunctionCode")
• manageFunctions(action="updateFunctionConfig")

Layers (SCF Layer)

Layers are account-scoped, not env-scoped. Align with MCP manageFunctions / queryFunctions layer guidance:

• Naming (required for new layers): {layerName}_{当前envId} — example common_cloud1-d9ghadgak3edf6b36. Do not reuse a bare name like common in another env.
• Create: manageFunctions(action="createLayerVersion", layerName="…_{envId}", …) after queryFunctions(action="listLayers") to check duplicates. MCP may return a soft warnings entry if the name lacks the current envId; it does not rewrite the name.
• Read: queryFunctions(action="listLayers"|"listLayerVersions"|"getLayerVersionDetail"|"listFunctionLayers") — list results are an account-level view and may include layers created in other envs.
• Bind / unbind / replace: manageFunctions(action="attachLayer"|"detachLayer"|"updateFunctionLayers")
• Delete version: manageFunctions(action="deleteLayerVersion") — deleting a version can affect every env that binds that version.
• Full contract and warning semantics → ./references/operations-and-config.md

Logs

Query function logs — use the queryFunctions tool:

• queryFunctions(action="listFunctionLogs", functionName="xxx") — list execution logs of a specific function
• queryFunctions(action="getFunctionLogDetail", requestId="xxx") — fetch the detail of one log entry

queryFunctions vs queryLogs:

• queryFunctions queries execution logs of a single cloud function and requires functionName
• queryLogs searches CLS (cross-service log aggregation) using CLS query syntax

Examples:

// List recent logs for cloud function "my-function"
queryFunctions(action="listFunctionLogs", functionName="my-function", limit=10)

// Inspect the log detail for a specific request id
queryFunctions(action="getFunctionLogDetail", requestId="abc-123")

// Cross-service error search via CLS
queryLogs(action="searchLogs", queryString='(src:app OR src:system) AND log:"ERROR"', service="tcb")

queryLogs queryString follows CLS syntax (see https://cloud.tencent.com/document/api/876/128127). The examples below are starting points; adapt them to the concrete log content of your query:

• Function logs: (src:app OR src:system) AND log:"START RequestId"
• Aggregated function request status: | select request_id, max(status_code) as status where ((request_id='xxxx' AND retry_num=0) AND retry_num=0) AND status_code!=202 group by request_id, retry_num
• Document database (NoSQL): module:database
• Document database slow-query events: module:database AND eventType:(MongoSlowQuery) — MongoSlowQuery is the document-database slow-query event
• Relational database (MySQL): module:rdb
• Relational database (MySQL) events: module:rdb AND eventType:(MysqlFreeze OR MysqlRecover OR MysqlSlowQuery) — MysqlFreeze = freeze, MysqlRecover = recover, MysqlSlowQuery = slow query
• Workflow (approval flow): module:workflow
• Data model: module:model
• User permissions: module:auth
• LLM trace logs: module:llm AND logType:llm-tracelog
• Gateway access logs: logType:accesslog
• App publish / delete events: module:app AND eventType:(AppProdPub OR AppProdDel) — AppProdPub = app publish, AppProdDel = app delete

If these are unavailable, read ./references/operations-and-config.md before any callCloudApi fallback

Gateway exposure

• queryGateway(action="getRoute") / listRoutes / listCustomDomains
• manageGateway(action="createRoute") — for HTTP functions pass upstreamResourceType="WEB_SCF"; for Event functions pass upstreamResourceType="SCF". Omit domain to attach the route on the HTTP gateway IsDefault domain (DomainType=HTTPSERVICE, typically *.{region}.app.tcloudbase.com)
• IsDefault vs static hosting CDN: environments often also expose a separate IsDefault STATIC_STORE domain (*.tcloudbaseapp.com). Omitting domain does not bind that static-hosting CDN entry, and it is not a STATIC_STORE upstream binding (that requires upstreamResourceType="STATIC_STORE"). Verify with queryGateway(action="listRoutes") and check Domain / DomainType / Path / UpstreamResourceType
• manageGateway(action="updateRoute") / deleteRoute / enableRoute / disableRoute / bindCustomDomain / deleteCustomDomain
• Disable a route or the static hosting default domain: prefer manageGateway(action="disableRoute", domain=..., path=...) (looks up the existing route, sets Routes[].Enable=false via ModifyHTTPServiceRoute). updateRoute may also pass enable=false / route.enable=false. To close *.tcloudbaseapp.com, list routes, take the STATIC_STORE IsDefault domain, then disableRoute with that domain and usually path="/" — not manageHosting, and not ModifyGatewayRoute
• When tool results include accessUrl / accessUrls, prefer them directly (gateway custom-domain URLs are ranked before default domains)
• Do not call deprecated GWAPI actions via callCloudApi (CreateCloudBaseGWAPI, etc.)

Related skills

• cloudrun-development -> container services, long-lived runtimes, Agent hosting
• http-api-cloudbase -> raw CloudBase HTTP API invocation patterns
• cloudbase-platform -> general CloudBase platform decisions
• ops-inspector -> AIOps-style inspection and log search across services

Reference index

All packaged reference files (required for skill lint reachability):

• event-functions.md
• http-function-credentials.md
• http-functions-custom-image.md
• http-functions.md
• operations-and-config.md
• vpc-and-tcp-database.md