| name | pulumi-secrets-basics |
| description | Pulumi secrets and encrypted config for owned/authorized stacks: pulumi config set --secret, secrets providers (passphrase vs cloud KMS), stack outputs, and Pulumi ESC. Use when Pulumi secrets, stack config encryption, PULUMI_CONFIG_PASSPHRASE, secretsprovider, sensitive outputs, ESC environments, or hardening org Pulumi CI.
|
Pulumi Secrets Basics
Harden how Pulumi stores and injects secrets for stacks you own or are
authorized to review. Own encrypted config, secrets providers, stack outputs,
and ESC wiring. Org-wide vault/rotation/leak IR โ secrets-management-hygiene.
Defensive and authorized only.
When To Use
- Setting or reviewing secrets via
pulumi config set --secret / config.requireSecret
- Choosing or migrating passphrase vs cloud KMS secrets providers
- Stack YAML lacks
secure: blobs, shows plaintext secrets, or shares one passphrase
- Stack outputs may leak (
pulumi stack output, CI logs, stack references)
- Adopting or reviewing Pulumi ESC environments, providers, and OIDC imports
- Mentions: Pulumi secrets,
secretsprovider, PULUMI_CONFIG_PASSPHRASE, ESC,
encrypted config, sensitive outputs
Do not use as primary for:
| Need | Skill instead |
|---|
| Org vault, .env, scanning, rotation, leak IR | secrets-management-hygiene |
| Terraform/OpenTofu state and tfvars | terraform-security-basics |
| CI structure beyond Pulumi secret steps | ci-cd-pipeline-patterns |
| Program/module code quality | code-quality-standards |
| Deep cloud KMS/IAM policy design | matching cloud IAM skill |
Repo Config First
Repo and org Pulumi conventions outrank examples below.
- Backend: Pulumi Cloud vs DIY (
s3://, azblob://, gs://, local) and stack readers
- Secrets provider: passphrase,
awskms://, azurekeyvault://, gcpkms://, hashivault://
- Stack layout:
Pulumi.yaml, Pulumi.<stack>.yaml, project/stack naming, org
- ESC: whether environments are SSOT; which stacks import via
environment:
- Languages / CI: config APIs in use; OIDC; where passphrase or provider creds live
- Policy: secret scanning, required KMS on prod, output redaction rules
Precedence: Follow repo/org. Flag prod on shared passphrase, config without
--secret, or plaintext credential outputs.
Workflow
1. Inventory stacks and providers
List projects/stacks, envs, backends, secrets providers, and who can pulumi up /
read config / export state. Scan Pulumi.*.yaml for unencrypted secret-shaped keys
(never paste live values). Map CI: passphrase, KMS, ESC auth, fork-PR isolation.
2. Write secrets only as encrypted config
| Action | Expectation |
|---|
| CLI | pulumi config set --secret myapp:dbPassword (avoid shell history when possible) |
| Code | config.requireSecret / getSecret; treat as secret Output |
| YAML | Ciphertext under secure:; no plaintext passwords in committed stack files |
| Batch | ESC or CI secret โ config set --secret; not committed .env into config |
Good: pulumi config set --secret --path 'data.apiKey' "$VALUE" + secret API reads.
Bad: pulumi config set dbPassword 'SuperSecret' (plaintext); hard-coded keys in
program code; logging config.get("dbPassword").
Plaintext commit or CI log leak โ rotate first (secrets-management-hygiene).
3. Passphrase vs cloud KMS
| Provider | Use when | Risks / controls |
|---|
| Passphrase | Solo labs, throwaway stacks | Shared team passphrase is one root secret; CI store only; never git |
| AWS/Azure/GCP KMS | Team/prod stacks | Prefer; least-privilege key IAM; separate keys per env when required |
| Vault / other | Org standardizes on Vault | Align paths/policies with secrets-management-hygiene |
Change provider only with documented re-encrypt / pulumi stack change-secrets-provider.
Prod: prefer cloud KMS (or org Vault) over long-lived shared passphrases. Protect
PULUMI_CONFIG_PASSPHRASE / _FILE like root secrets. DIY backends: encrypt state at
rest and restrict IAM โ state may hold secret material.
4. Stack outputs and dependencies
Mark secret outputs (pulumi.secret / Output.secret). Never print them; avoid
pulumi stack output --show-secrets in CI. Stack references must keep secret typing.
Prefer cloud SM/Key Vault generation; export ARNs/IDs, not raw values. Redact
previews/tickets; treat stack export/backup as sensitive.
5. Pulumi ESC
Use ESC for shared secrets/config; import into stacks with least privilege. Prefer
OIDC/dynamic cloud logins over static keys. Separate environments per env/tenant
(no prod in dev). Audit editors; rotate credentials like vault entries
(secrets-management-hygiene). Avoid dual-sourcing the same secret in ESC and
ad-hoc stack config without an owner.
6. CI and verification
OIDC to Pulumi/cloud; mask secrets; no full-config debug dumps. Fail closed if
required secrets missing. Secret-scan repo and stack YAML; gate merges. Apply
code-quality-standards to programs that load config or create keys. After
provider/secret rotation, controlled preview/up in non-prod first.
Routing
| Situation | Primary | Helper |
|---|
| Pulumi encrypted config, secrets provider, outputs, ESC | This skill | โ |
| Org vault, rotation, git leak IR, scanning policy | secrets-management-hygiene | this for Pulumi paths |
| Terraform/tfstate secrets | terraform-security-basics | โ |
| Pipeline stages, approvals, OIDC wiring | ci-cd-pipeline-patterns | this for Pulumi secret steps |
| Program structure, tests, error handling | code-quality-standards | always on code changes |
Hand-off notes: secrets-management-hygiene owns inventory, rotation, revocation,
and scanning; this skill owns Pulumi encryption/provider/ESC mechanics.
ci-cd-pipeline-patterns for job trust (no passphrase/KMS on fork PRs).
code-quality-standards for config loaders and outputs.
terraform-security-basics for sibling IaC only.
Output Checklist
