convex-doctor

name	convex-doctor
description	Run convex-doctor static analysis, interpret findings, and fix issues across security, performance, correctness, schema, and architecture categories. Use when running convex-doctor, fixing convex-doctor warnings or errors, improving the convex-doctor score, or when asked about Convex code quality, static analysis, or linting Convex functions.

Convex doctor workflow

This skill codifies the full convex-doctor remediation workflow used in this codebase (score 42 to 100 across 17 passes). Follow it whenever running convex-doctor or fixing its findings.

What is convex-doctor

convex-doctor is a static analysis tool for Convex backends. It scores your codebase 0 to 100 across five categories: security, correctness, performance, schema, and architecture.

Run it with:

npx convex-doctor@latest

Configuration

This project has a convex-doctor.toml at the repo root with intentional suppressions. Always check it before working on findings.

Current suppressions and rationale

Rule	Level	Rationale
correctness/generated-code-modified	off	Working tree is always dirty after codegen
schema/optional-field-no-default-handling	off	94 optional fields by design for markdown frontmatter
correctness/missing-unique	off	Remaining .first() calls are intentional ordered picks
schema/deep-nesting	off	4-level validators needed for chat attachments
schema/array-relationships	off	Flagged on function args, not table columns
perf/missing-index-on-foreign-key	off	Remaining FK is inside nested array (not indexable)
arch/duplicated-auth	off	Auth awareness is intentional per public handler
arch/monolithic-file	off	Files organized by domain
arch/large-handler	off	Email templates, sync, and search are inherently multi-step

Ignored files

• convex/_generated/** (generated code)
• convex/authComponent.ts (thin auth component forwarders)

Fix priority order

When convex-doctor reports findings, fix them in this order:

1. Security errors (highest priority)

   • Add auth to HTTP actions and public endpoints
   • Convert api.* server-to-server calls to internal.*
   • Move public actions to mutation-scheduled internal actions

2. Correctness errors

   • Remove Date.now() from queries (breaks caching and reactivity)
   • Convert .first() to .unique() only where the index enforces uniqueness
   • Fix collect then filter patterns with indexed queries

3. Performance warnings

   • Replace unbounded .collect() with .take(n) or pagination
   • Batch sequential ctx.run* calls into single internal queries
   • Eliminate N+1 patterns in HTTP and RSS endpoints

4. Schema warnings

   • Add missing indexes for foreign keys where query patterns exist
   • Rename indexes to by_field snake_case convention
   • Remove redundant indexes (prefixes of compound indexes)

5. Architecture warnings

   • Extract helper functions from large handlers
   • Split provider modules from orchestration logic
   • Replace throw new Error(...) with ConvexError in user-facing handlers

Common fix patterns

Convert public action to queued job

Instead of calling a public action from the browser, create a job table and mutation-scheduled internal action:

1. Add a job table to convex/schema.ts with status, result, and error fields
2. Create a public mutation that inserts a pending job and schedules the internal action
3. Create a public query that returns job status for the UI
4. Convert the action to internalAction that updates the job record on completion or failure
5. Update the frontend to call the mutation and poll the query

This pattern was used for: AI image generation, AI chat responses, URL imports.

Convert api.* to internal.*

When a Convex function calls another Convex function on the server side:

1. Create an internal* version if only a public version exists
2. Replace api.module.fn with internal.module.fn in the caller
3. If the function needs both public and internal access, keep both and have the public version call the internal one

Batch sequential ctx.run* calls

When an action makes multiple ctx.runQuery calls for independent data:

1. Create a single internal query that returns all needed data in one object
2. Replace the sequential calls with one ctx.runQuery to the batched query
3. This reduces transaction overhead and eliminates the sequential-run-calls warning

Remove Date.now() from queries

Queries must be deterministic. Replace Date.now() with a timestamp argument:

1. Add a now: v.number() argument to the query
2. Pass Date.now() from the frontend or from the action/mutation that calls the query
3. For reactive subscriptions, round the timestamp (e.g., 60-second intervals) to keep reactivity stable

Auth component helper conversion

When components.auth.public.* triggers direct-function-ref warnings:

1. Create helper functions in convex/authComponent.ts that call the component API
2. Import helpers directly instead of using ctx.runQuery(internal.authComponent.*)
3. Add convex/authComponent.ts to the [ignore] section of convex-doctor.toml

Verification checklist

After every fix pass:

• npx convex codegen passes
• npx tsc --noEmit passes (or npx convex codegen covers this)
• npm run build succeeds
• npx convex-doctor@latest shows improved score or fewer findings
• Existing functionality still works (AI chat, search, dashboard, RSS, stats)

Score history

Pass	Score	Errors	Warnings	Key changes
Initial	42/100	73	243	Baseline
1 (remediation)	~55	~50	~221	Security: auth on HTTP, api to internal
2	~60	~40	~200	AI action flow, HTTP hardening
3	68/100	-	-	collect-then-filter, auth signals
10	80/100	1	68	Import URL queued job, unique lookups
15	91/100	0	43	Newsletter batching, auth forwarders, toml config
16	92/100	0	39	Semantic search batching, auth helpers
17	100/100	0	0	Stats helpers, contact helpers, final toml tuning

When to suppress vs fix

Fix it when:

• The finding points to a real bug or security gap
• The fix is low risk and improves code quality
• The pattern can be changed without affecting product behavior

Suppress it when:

• The finding is a tool false positive (e.g., component function refs)
• The pattern is intentional by design (e.g., per-handler auth checks)
• The fix would add more complexity than the warning is worth
• Generated code triggers the finding

Always document suppressions with rationale in convex-doctor.toml.

Related PRDs

All remediation PRDs are in prds/convex-doctor/:

• convex-doctor-remediation.md (initial plan, 5 phases)
• convex-doctor-second-pass.md through convex-doctor-seventeenth-pass.md

Related files

• convex-doctor.toml (suppression config)
• convex/schema.ts (indexes and table definitions)
• convex/authComponent.ts (auth component forwarders)
• convex/importJobs.ts (queued job pattern example)
• convex/aiImageJobs.ts (queued job pattern example)
• convex/semanticSearchJobs.ts (queued job pattern example)