capital-raise

name

capital-raise

description

Model a primary issuance in Excel — 定增 (private placement), 配股 (rights issue), IPO, or 可转债 (convertible bond). Sizes the raise, sets out the pricing basis and discount against a stated reference price, allocates use of proceeds, and models pre- and post-money ownership, EPS dilution, and the effect on the 实际控制人's stake. Use when a CFO, banker, or board adviser asks how large a raise can be, what it prices at, or how much it dilutes existing holders.

Capital Raise

先载入 xlsx-author 技能，再动手建表。 出处载体（Class A 的 Source: 批注 / Class B 的 来源 表加 来源编号 列）、四色含义、「填机构不填接口名」、URL 的两种诚实 写法、交付时的 ::zcode-file-citation，都在那份 SKILL.md 里。只照路径调它的 recalc.py 不等于读过它——2026-08-24 那批里有一份工作簿正是这样，五项全漏。

A primary issuance, modelled end to end: how much is raised, at what price against what reference, what the money is for, and who owns what afterwards. The deliverable is an .xlsx workbook built with the xlsx-author conventions, recalculated before delivery, and audited before it is handed over.

This models an issuance, not a valuation. It does not say what the shares are worth, does not recommend a price, and does not advise on whether the raise should be done or whether it complies with anything.

Language of the deliverable

Authoring prose here is English. The workbook's labels, the delivery message, and the coverage block follow the user's language. Provenance tags follow the deliverable — [披露] [测算] [预期] [推断] [媒体] in a Chinese workbook, [Reported] [Est.] [Consensus] [Inferred] [Media] in an English one. One style per document, never mixed.

Reference prices: filter by volume first. get_stock_performance does not skip suspended-trading days — it fills all four OHLC values with the previous close and nulls only the volume. Taking a "prior trading day close" therefore yields a carried-over price: the number is right, the base date is wrong, and nothing looks odd. A row with null volume is not a trading day. See ../deal-comps/references/stock-price-traps.md.

Non-negotiables

Environment. Build with Python/openpyxl following xlsx-author. Write formula strings, never values computed in Python. Then run python3 ../xlsx-author/scripts/recalc.py "<the workbook you just wrote>" 30 (path relative to this skill's directory) before delivery.

Cell comments are this skill's citation vehicle (cell_comments). Every hardcoded input cell carries, written as the cell is created:

Source: <System or Document>, <Date>, <Reference>, <URL if applicable>

e.g. Source: 同花顺 iFinD 股本与股东结构, 检索于 2026-07-25, 000001.SZ 总股本与实际控制人持股 or Source: 向特定对象发行A股股票预案, 2026-05-20, 第二节 「发行价格及定价原则」, https://…. A calculated cell carries a formula instead — a source comment on a calculated cell means a hardcode is hiding in it.

Do not assert a regulatory threshold from memory. This is the rule that matters most in this skill, because issuance rules are numerous, 板块-specific, instrument- specific, and revised often. Pricing floors relative to a reference price, 锁定期 lengths, issuance-size caps relative to 总股本, the interval between raises, investor eligibility, and 摊薄后 EPS disclosure requirements all fall under this. A specific threshold enters the workbook only when a retrieved announcement or rule text states it, cited in the cell comment. Otherwise the row is an open item flagged as requiring confirmation against the current rules — never a confident number, never a recollection dressed as a constraint. Getting this wrong is worse than leaving it blank: a modelled floor that no longer exists produces a raise size the company cannot execute.

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Step 1 — Resolve the issuer and the instrument

• Resolve the issuer to a code with get_stock_info, and note the 上市板 — rules and market practice differ across boards, which is one more reason not to assume a threshold.
• Confirm the instrument: 定增 (向特定对象发行), 配股, IPO, or 可转债. They dilute differently and price differently, and mixing their mechanics is the fastest way to a wrong answer.
• Confirm whether the raise is announced (terms retrievable, [披露]/[Reported]) or contemplated (every term [测算]/[Est.], and the header block says the workbook is a scenario).
• Confirm the purpose: sizing exercise, dilution check for an announced deal, or funding leg of an acquisition (in which case it cross-links to sources-uses).

Step 2 — Retrieve the capital structure and the register

get_stock_shareholders — the core call for this skill. Take:

• 总股本, and the split into 限售股, 流通A股, 自由流通股. Use 总股本 as the denominator for ownership percentages and for EPS; name it in every row label. The three counts give three different answers and picking the wrong one is the classic error.
• 前十大股东 and 前十大流通股东, with shareholdings.
• 实际控制人与大股东详情 — the identity and the stake that the dilution analysis is ultimately about.
• 限售解禁时间表与本期解禁数量, which changes the float even without an issuance and belongs in the notes.

get_stock_events — 增发 progress, pricing, amount raised and 保荐机构 for a placement; 配股 timetable and 承销方式 for a rights issue; IPO details including 战略配售 and 上市日期. If the company has raised before, the prior event is the best available evidence of how this one will be structured, and it is retrievable rather than assumed.

get_stock_financials — 归母净利润 (for EPS, 口径 named), 有息负债 and cash (to show what the raise does to leverage), and the return metrics the use of proceeds will be judged against.

get_stock_performance — the price history the pricing reference is computed from. One 一次一个标的。

wind-docs.get_company_announcements — the 预案, 发行情况报告书, 股东大会决议, and any 问询函 回复. Every disclosed term comes from here and cites it.

Step 3 — Sizing

Model the raise size as a driven output, not a typed number, so the user can flex it:

Gross proceeds       = shares issued × issue price
                       (or: target proceeds → shares issued = proceeds / price)
Issuance costs       = underwriting + sponsor + legal + audit        [测算]
Net proceeds         = gross proceeds − issuance costs

Show the raise as a percentage of pre-deal 总股本 and of pre-deal market capitalisation, because that is how both the board and the market will size it. Where a rule caps either, that cap is an open item requiring confirmation unless a retrieved document states it.

For a 配股, the mechanics are different and must be modelled as such: the 配股比例 (e.g. shares offered per 10 held), the subscription price, the take-up assumption (state it — full take-up is an assumption, not a fact), and the theoretical ex-rights price:

TERP = (pre-rights price × pre-rights shares + subscription price × new shares)
       / (pre-rights shares + new shares)

The value of the right and the discount to TERP are what a rights issue is actually judged on, and a rights issue's headline "discount" to the pre-announcement price is not comparable with a placement's discount. Say so on the sheet.

For a 可转债, model both states: the bond outstanding (coupon, tenor, put/call schedule as disclosed) and the if-converted state (conversion price, conversion ratio, shares on full conversion, conversion premium against the reference price). Dilution is reported both ways — no conversion and full conversion — and the workbook never shows only one.

Step 4 — Pricing basis and discount

A discount without its reference is not a number. Every pricing line states:

• The reference price and how it is constructed — a closing price on a stated date, or an average over a stated window of trading days before a stated 定价基准日. Compute it from get_stock_performance and show the window on the sheet.
• The 定价基准日 itself, and what event fixes it (board resolution, shareholder resolution, first day of the issue period) — as disclosed, not as assumed.
• The issue price, and the discount as issue price / reference price − 1.
• Whether a floor binds. If a retrieved rule or announcement states a floor as a percentage of the reference price, model it as an input with its citation and show the headroom. If no such document was retrieved, the floor row is an open item, labelled as requiring confirmation against the current rules, and the model shows the unconstrained price with that caveat stated on the face of the sheet.

Also flag, as open items requiring confirmation rather than modelled facts: the 锁定期 applying to the subscribers and to the 控股股东/实际控制人 if participating, and any 摊薄后 EPS disclosure the issuer will need to make. Each of these is a real constraint on a real deal; none of them gets a number from memory.

Step 5 — Use of proceeds

A table of projects, each with its allocated amount, its share of net proceeds, and its source. Where the 预案 discloses the 募投项目, every line is [披露]/[Reported] and cites it. Where the raise is contemplated, every line is [测算]/[Est.] and sits in the assumptions block. Include:

• 补充流动资金 and 偿还有息负债 as explicit lines where applicable, and show the pro-forma effect on 有息负债 and on leverage.
• Any acquisition funded by the raise, cross-referenced to the sources-uses schedule so the two artifacts agree on one number.
• The allocation percentages summing to 100%, asserted on the sheet.

Step 6 — Dilution

This is the deliverable. Three tables, all formulas.

Ownership, pre- and post-money. One row per material holder, plus the 实际控制人 and 控股股东 as their own rows, plus the new investors:

                        Pre-deal shares   Pre %   Shares subscribed   Post shares   Post %   Δ pp
实际控制人 (及一致行动人)          …          …             …               …          …       …
第二大股东                        …          …             …               …          …       …
…
新投资者 / 配售对象                —          —             …               …          …       …
合计                              …       100%             …               …       100%       …

Compute percentages on the named share count, consistently. Show the change in percentage points (pp), not percent — an owner going from 40% to 32% fell 8pp, not 8%, and the distinction is not pedantry here.

For a 配股, model both a full-take-up case and a case where the 实际控制人 does not subscribe — the second is the whole reason a board asks for this analysis.

The 实际控制人's position. Its own block: stake before, stake after, and the arithmetic consequence. Where the post-deal stake crosses a level that would matter for control, say so as an arithmetic observation requiring confirmation against the current rules and the company's own disclosure — never as a legal conclusion, and never citing a specific threshold from memory.

EPS dilution.

Pre-deal EPS   = 归母净利润 / pre-deal 总股本                  (口径 named)
Post-deal EPS  = (归母净利润 + after-tax effect of proceeds) / post-deal 总股本

The "after-tax effect of proceeds" is [测算]/[Est.] and must be modelled explicitly and conservatively — interest saved on debt repaid, or a stated return on the funded projects, each as its own input with its basis. The default and most honest presentation is the static case: no earnings contribution from the proceeds, which is maximal dilution, shown alongside any contribution case. A model that silently credits the raise with project earnings makes every issuance look accretive.

For a 可转债, show basic EPS, EPS assuming full conversion, and the after-tax coupon drag in between.

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Workbook structure

Sheet	Contents
Inputs	总股本 and its splits, the register, financials, price history extract; every cell blue with a Source: comment
Assumptions	Issue size, price or discount, take-up, issuance-cost percentages, proceeds-deployment return — each tagged with its class and basis
Pricing	Reference-price construction with its window and 定价基准日, the issue price, the discount, and the floor as an input-or-open-item
Raise	Sizing, use of proceeds, pro-forma cash and leverage
Dilution	Pre/post ownership, the 实际控制人 block, EPS dilution, and (配股) the TERP build
Open Items	Every regulatory constraint that could not be sourced, what it would bind, and what document would settle it
Checks	Identities as visible TRUE/FALSE rows

Checks asserts, at minimum: post-deal shares = pre-deal shares + shares issued; every ownership column sums to 100%; every holder's post-deal shares = pre-deal + subscribed; gross proceeds = shares issued × issue price; net proceeds = gross − costs; use-of- proceeds allocations sum to net proceeds; discount = issue price / reference price − 1; and (配股) TERP × post-rights shares = pre-rights market value + subscription proceeds.

The Open Items sheet is not optional. A raise model with no open items is claiming every applicable rule was retrieved and cited, which is a strong claim.

Formatting

Per the house formatting policy:

• Font colours — four. Blue #0000FF input · black formula · green #008000 cross-sheet link · purple #800080 same-sheet link with no calculation.
• Fills — 3 blues and a grey. #1F4E79 header (white bold) · #BDD7EE grouping band and key outputs · #D9E1F2 input block · #F2F2F2 neutral.
• Borders mandatory and meaningful: 1.5pt above section headers, 1.0pt under subtotals, 0.5pt interior grid, double rule under grand totals.
• Numbers right-aligned, text left-aligned. Share counts #,##0, prices 0.00, percentages 0.00% (ownership needs the second decimal), pp changes labelled as pp. Unit and currency in the header, never only in prose.

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Common errors in a raise model

Error	What goes wrong	Fix
A rule threshold from memory	A floor or cap that no longer applies drives the whole model	Retrieve it or make it an open item
Wrong share count	Ownership computed on 流通股本, EPS on another count	总股本 throughout, named in every label
Discount with no reference	The headline discount is uninterpretable	State the reference construction, window, and 定价基准日
配股 discount compared with a placement's	Two different things in one column	Model TERP; label the comparison
Proceeds credited with earnings by default	Every raise looks accretive	Static case first; contribution case separate and tagged [测算]
Convertible shown one way only	Dilution understated or overstated	Always both: no conversion and full conversion
pp and % confused	An 8pp fall reported as 8%	Label the unit on every change column
Take-up assumed silently	A rights issue that is not fully taken up dilutes differently	An explicit take-up input; model the non-participation case
Issuance costs omitted	Net proceeds overstated	Explicit cost lines, [测算], percentage-driven
Control conclusion asserted	A legal opinion this plugin cannot give	State the arithmetic; flag for confirmation

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Verification before delivery

1. Recalc. python3 ../xlsx-author/scripts/recalc.py "<the workbook you just wrote>" 30. Exit 0 clean · 2 fix every location and re-run · 3 recalc_unavailable is NOT a pass — no formula was evaluated; run xlsx-author's substitute protocol (reference check on every formula, independent recompute in Python, assert the identities on Checks) and record it in the coverage block · 1 hard failure.
2. Audit. Apply the model-scope audit conventions from the audit-xls skill (it ships with the write-research plugin; work its checklist by hand if it is not loaded), including its share-count check — "share count ties to the dilution schedule (options, converts, buybacks)" is precisely this model's core identity.
3. Colour and comment sweep. Every blue cell has a Source: comment; no calculated cell has one.
4. Identity sweep. Every row on Checks passes; every ownership column sums to 100%.
5. Open-items sweep. Every unretrieved regulatory constraint appears on Open Items, and none of them appears anywhere else as a number.

Delivery — the coverage block

Close the delivery message with this block, verbatim heading — ## 覆盖范围与局限 for a Chinese deliverable, ## Coverage and Limitations for an English one — even when everything passed.

## 覆盖范围与局限
检索于: <timestamp>

- 已检索数据: <total shares and register via hexin-stock get_stock_shareholders (报告期
  X); 归母净利润 and 有息负债 via get_stock_financials; price history via
  get_stock_performance for the reference window; prior 增发/配股 events via
  get_stock_events>
- 股本口径: 总股本 (基本/摊薄 stated); 流通股本与自由流通股仅用于流通性说明,未用于
  每股指标
- 已披露条款: <issue size, price, 定价基准日, 募投项目, 锁定期 — each with its
  announcement and date> [披露]
- 假设条款: <issue price or discount, take-up, issuance costs, proceeds deployment —
  each also [测算] in its cell comment and in the assumptions block> [测算]
- 仅见媒体、未经公告证实: <or 检索范围内未发现> [媒体]
- 待核实的监管口径 (未从检索文件中取得,不得据以决策): <pricing floor relative to the
  reference price, 锁定期, issuance-size cap, 摊薄后 EPS disclosure — listed on the
  Open Items sheet, each with the document that would settle it>
- 公式核验: <recalc.py evaluated all N formulas via LibreOffice, zero errors (exit 0) /
  recalc.py could NOT evaluate the formulas (exit 3, LibreOffice unavailable) — static
  lint plus the openpyxl reference/recompute/identity checks only; the model is NOT
  verified and the user should confirm the numbers on open>
- 本次未能覆盖: <sources that failed, named as 源不可用, and what they would have
  covered>
- 数据滞后性: <register as of 报告期 X; 限售解禁 between now and issuance will move the
  float>

检索范围内未发现 means the source was queried and returned nothing; 源不可用 means it could not be queried. Neither is rendered as an absence of the thing itself, and neither is rendered as compliance.

This model stages an issuance structure for the deal team and the board. It does not opine on whether the raise should be done, does not set a price, does not confirm that any structure complies with the applicable rules, and never asserts a regulatory threshold that was not retrieved and cited.