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Reference guide for creating Wardley Maps with Mermaid wardley-beta syntax, coordinates, and components.
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Guidance on writing authoritative content using five foundational pillars: insight, depth, breadth, simplicity, and relevance.
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Best-practice guidance for writing high-quality strategy pages with Wardley context, actionability, and cross-strategy interplay.
| name | mermaid-wardley-maps |
| description | Reference guide for creating Wardley Maps with Mermaid wardley-beta syntax, coordinates, and components. |
From https://mermaid.ai/open-source/syntax/wardley.html
Wardley Maps are visual representations of business strategy that map value chains and component evolution. They help identify strategic opportunities, dependencies, and guide technology decisions.
Wardley Maps position components along two axes:
This dual positioning enables strategic analysis of:
wardley-beta
title Tea Shop Value Chain
anchor Business [0.95, 0.63]
component Cup of Tea [0.79, 0.61]
component Tea [0.63, 0.81]
component Hot Water [0.52, 0.80]
component Kettle [0.43, 0.35]
component Power [0.10, 0.70]
Business -> Cup of Tea
Cup of Tea -> Tea
Cup of Tea -> Hot Water
Hot Water -> Kettle
Kettle -> Power
evolve Kettle 0.62
evolve Power 0.89
note "Standardising power allows Kettles to evolve faster" [0.30, 0.49]
Every Wardley diagram starts with the wardley-beta keyword:
wardley-beta
title Your Map Title
size [width, height]
wardley-beta - Required diagram type identifier (beta release)title - Optional title displayed at topsize - Optional canvas dimensions in pixels (default: [1100, 600])IMPORTANT: Wardley Maps use the OnlineWardleyMaps (OWM) format: [visibility, evolution]
This is opposite of typical (x, y) notation!
wardley-beta
title Coordinate Examples
component Infrastructure [0.30, 0.20] # Low visibility, low evolution
component Product [0.70, 0.60] # High visibility, mid evolution
component User Need [0.90, 0.95] # High visibility, high evolution
component Name [visibility, evolution]
component Name [visibility, evolution] label [offsetX, offsetY]
component Name [visibility, evolution] (decorator)
Example:
wardley-beta
title Components
component API [0.60, 0.70]
component Database [0.40, 0.85] label [-50, 10]
component "Custom Service" [0.55, 0.35]
Anchors represent users or customers with bold labels:
wardley-beta
title Anchors
anchor Customer [0.90, 0.95]
anchor Business [0.85, 0.90]
component Service [0.70, 0.75]
Customer -> Service
Business -> Service
Mark components resistant to change:
wardley-beta
title Inertia
component Legacy System [0.45, 0.40] (inertia)
component New Platform [0.65, 0.45]
Legacy System -> New Platform
Indicate build/buy/outsource decisions:
(build) - Triangle symbol(buy) - Diamond symbol(outsource) - Square symbol(market) - Circle symbolwardley-beta
title Sourcing Strategy
anchor Customer [0.80, 0.95]
component Custom App [0.45, 0.85] (build)
component Off-the-shelf Tool [0.85, 0.65] (buy)
component Managed Service [0.60, 0.40] (outsource)
component Cloud Platform [0.95, 0.25] (market)
Customer -> Custom App
Custom App -> Off-the-shelf Tool
Custom App -> Managed Service
Off-the-shelf Tool -> Cloud Platform
A -> B # Basic dependency
A -> B; label # With annotation
A +> B # Flow (with arrow marker)
A +< B # Reverse flow
A +<> B # Bi-directional flow
A +'text'> B # Labeled flow
Example:
wardley-beta
title Link Types
component User [0.90, 0.95]
component App [0.75, 0.75]
component API [0.60, 0.60]
component Cache [0.65, 0.45]
component Database [0.15, 0.80]
User -> App
App +> API
API -> Database
API +<> Cache
Cache +'backup'> Database
Show component evolution with red dashed arrows:
wardley-beta
title Evolution
component Database [0.40, 0.50]
component API [0.55, 0.60]
Database -> API
evolve Database 0.75
evolve API 0.80
Show predicted future position:
Component -.- (x, y)
Note: Trends use standard (x, y) order, not [visibility, evolution]!
Pipeline components share visibility and only vary by evolution:
wardley-beta
title Pipeline Evolution
component Database [0.40, 0.60]
pipeline Database {
component "File System" [0.25]
component "SQL DB" [0.50]
component "NoSQL" [0.70]
component "Cloud DB" [0.85]
}
Define custom axis labels:
wardley-beta
title Custom Stages
evolution Unmodelled -> Divergent -> Convergent -> Modelled
component Raw Data [0.15, 0.20]
component Analysis [0.45, 0.50]
component Reports [0.75, 0.70]
wardley-beta
title Dual Label Stages
evolution Genesis / Concept -> Custom / Emerging -> Product / Converging -> Commodity / Accepted
component Novel Idea [0.05, 0.20]
component Custom Solution [0.35, 0.50]
component Product [0.65, 0.70]
component Utility [0.95, 0.90]
Specify custom boundary widths using @ notation:
wardley-beta
title Custom Widths
evolution Genesis@0.2 -> Custom@0.4 -> Product@0.75 -> Commodity@1.0
component Novel [0.75, 0.15]
component Bespoke [0.70, 0.35]
component Product [0.65, 0.65]
component Utility [0.60, 0.90]
Add contextual notes at specific coordinates:
note "text" [visibility, evolution]
Note: Text must be enclosed in quotes.
wardley-beta
title Notes
component API [0.60, 0.70]
component Database [0.40, 0.50]
API -> Database
note "Critical decision point" [0.65, 0.55]
note "High risk area" [0.40, 0.35]
Create numbered references with optional annotation box:
annotations [x, y] # Optional: position for annotation numbers
annotation number,[x, y] "text"
Note: Annotation text must be enclosed in quotes.
wardley-beta
title Annotations
component API [0.60, 0.70]
component Cache [0.50, 0.55]
component Database [0.40, 0.40]
API -> Cache
Cache -> Database
annotations [0.10, 0.90]
annotation 1,[0.60, 0.65] "Critical component"
annotation 2,[0.50, 0.50] "Performance layer"
annotation 3,[0.40, 0.35] "Data persistence"
Forces affecting evolution:
wardley-beta
title Forces
component Legacy [0.20, 0.85]
component Modern [0.55, 0.60]
component AI [0.70, 0.35]
Legacy -> Modern
Modern -> AI
accelerator "AI Adoption" [0.55, 0.25]
deaccelerator "Legacy Constraints" [0.15, 0.75]
Fine-tune label placement:
component Name [visibility, evolution] label [offsetX, offsetY]
Negative X moves left, positive X moves right. Negative Y moves up, positive Y moves down.
wardley-beta
title Custom Size
size [800, 1000]
wardley-beta
title Software Platform Strategy
size [1100, 800]
evolution Genesis@0.25 -> Custom@0.5 -> Product@0.75 -> Commodity@1.0
anchor Customer [0.90, 0.95]
component "Mobile App" [0.80, 0.85] (build)
component "Web App" [0.75, 0.80] (build) label [-60, 10]
component "API Gateway" [0.70, 0.65] (buy)
component "Auth Service" [0.60, 0.55] (outsource)
component "Database" [0.50, 0.45] (buy) (inertia)
component "Cloud Platform" [0.30, 0.95] (market)
Customer -> "Mobile App"
Customer -> "Web App"
"Mobile App" -> "API Gateway"
"Web App" -> "API Gateway"
"API Gateway" -> "Auth Service"
"API Gateway" -> "Database"
"Database" -> "Cloud Platform"
evolve "API Gateway" 0.85
evolve "Database" 0.75
accelerator "Cloud Native" [0.20, 0.85]
deaccelerator "Legacy Data" [0.45, 0.35]
annotations [0.10, 0.20]
annotation 1,[0.78, 0.82] "User touchpoints"
annotation 2,[0.70, 0.60] "Integration layer"
annotation 3,[0.50, 0.40] "Data persistence"
note "Build mobile-first experience" [0.85, 0.90]
note "Migrate to cloud-native database" [0.60, 0.50]
Wardley Maps support Mermaid's theme system. Use standard Mermaid configuration to customize appearance.
| Element | Syntax | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Diagram | wardley-beta | wardley-beta |
| Title | title Text | title My Map |
| Size | size [width, height] | size [1100, 800] |
| Component | component Name [vis, evo] | component API [0.6, 0.7] |
| Anchor | anchor Name [vis, evo] | anchor User [0.9, 0.95] |
| Link | A -> B | API -> Database |
| Flow | A +> B | User +> API |
| Evolve | evolve Name targetEvo | evolve API 0.85 |
| Note | note "Text" [vis, evo] | note "Key insight" [0.4, 0.5] |
| Annotation | annotation N,[x,y] "Text" | annotation 1,[0.5,0.5] "Critical" |
| Inertia | (inertia) | component DB [0.4, 0.6] (inertia) |
| Strategy | (build|buy|outsource|market) | component API [0.6, 0.7] (buy) |
| Pipeline | pipeline Parent { ... } | See pipeline example above |
| Evolution | evolution Stage1 -> Stage2 -> ... | See evolution examples above |
look: handDrawn) is not currently supported for Wardley Maps. The diagram uses a custom D3 renderer rather than the shared shape system.