Pre-production readiness checklist for OCI — backup policies, security audit, key rotation, encryption, and Cloud Guard.
Use when preparing an OCI environment for production workloads or auditing an existing deployment.
Trigger with "oraclecloud prod checklist", "oci production ready", "oci security audit", "oci well-architected".
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Pre-production readiness checklist for OCI — backup policies, security audit, key rotation, encryption, and Cloud Guard.
Use when preparing an OCI environment for production workloads or auditing an existing deployment.
Trigger with "oraclecloud prod checklist", "oci production ready", "oci security audit", "oci well-architected".
OCI has no "Well-Architected Review" equivalent to AWS. This is the pre-production gate: a comprehensive checklist covering backup policies, security list audit, API key rotation, compartment isolation, boot volume encryption, OS Management agent, Cloud Guard, and Vulnerability Scanning. Every item is verifiable via CLI or Python SDK — no subjective assessments, only pass/fail checks.
Purpose: Validate that an OCI environment meets production-grade security, resilience, and operational standards before going live.
Prerequisites
OCI CLI installed and configured — ~/.oci/config validated (see oraclecloud-install-auth)
Python 3.8+ with the OCI SDK — pip install oci
Administrator-level IAM policies — the checks require inspect and read across most service families
Target compartment OCID — the compartment being audited
Cloud Guard must be enabled at the tenancy level (Administration > Cloud Guard)
Instructions
Step 1: Compartment Isolation Audit
Production workloads must be in a dedicated compartment, not the root:
# List compartments — production should NOT be the root compartment
oci iam compartment list \
--compartment-id "$TENANCY_OCID" \
--query 'data[].{name:name, id:id, state:"lifecycle-state"}' \
--output table
# Verify prod compartment has policies restricting access
oci iam policy list \
--compartment-id "$PROD_COMPARTMENT_OCID" \
--query 'data[].{name:name, statements:statements}' \
--output json
Pass criteria: Production compartment is NOT the root tenancy. Policies follow least-privilege (no manage all-resources in tenancy).
Pass criteria: Every boot volume and block volume has an assigned backup policy (Bronze minimum: weekly backups, 5-week retention).
Step 3: Security List and NSG Audit
# List all security lists in the VCN
oci network security-list list \
--compartment-id "$PROD_COMPARTMENT_OCID" \
--vcn-id "$VCN_OCID" \
--query 'data[].{name:"display-name", ingress:"ingress-security-rules[?source==\`0.0.0.0/0\`]"}' \
--output json
# FAIL if any rule allows 0.0.0.0/0 ingress on ports other than 80/443
oci network nsg rules list \
--network-security-group-id "$NSG_OCID" \
--query 'data[?source==`0.0.0.0/0` && "tcp-options"."destination-port-range".min!=`443`]' \
--output table
Pass criteria: No security list allows unrestricted ingress (0.0.0.0/0) except ports 80 and 443. Prefer NSGs over security lists for production workloads.
Step 4: API Key Rotation Check
import oci
from datetime import datetime, timezone, timedelta
config = oci.config.from_file("~/.oci/config")
identity = oci.identity.IdentityClient(config)
# List API keys for all users in the tenancy
users = identity.list_users(compartment_id=config["tenancy"]).data
max_age = timedelta(days=90)
now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
for user in users:
keys = identity.list_api_keys(user_id=user.id).data
for key in keys:
age = now - key.time_created
status = "PASS"if age < max_age else"FAIL"print(f" {status}: {user.name} — key {key.fingerprint} — {age.days} days old")
Pass criteria: No API key older than 90 days. Automated rotation via OCI Vault recommended.
Step 5: Boot Volume Encryption
# Check that all boot volumes use customer-managed keys (not Oracle-managed)
oci bv boot-volume list \
--compartment-id "$PROD_COMPARTMENT_OCID" \
--query 'data[].{name:"display-name", kms:"kms-key-id"}' \
--output table
# FAIL if kms-key-id is null (Oracle-managed default encryption)
Pass criteria: All boot volumes encrypted with customer-managed keys from OCI Vault. Oracle-managed encryption is the default but does not meet most compliance frameworks (SOC 2, PCI-DSS).
Step 6: OS Management Agent Verification
# Check if instance agent plugins are enabled
oci instance-agent plugin list \
--instanceagent-id "$INSTANCE_OCID" \
--compartment-id "$PROD_COMPARTMENT_OCID" \
--query 'data[].{name:name, status:status}' \
--output table
# Required plugins: Vulnerability Scanning, OS Management Service Agent, Compute Instance Run Command
Pass criteria: OS Management Service Agent, Vulnerability Scanning, and Run Command plugins are all RUNNING.
Step 7: Cloud Guard Status
# Verify Cloud Guard is enabled and detector recipes are active
oci cloud-guard target list \
--compartment-id "$PROD_COMPARTMENT_OCID" \
--query 'data.items[].{name:"display-name", state:"lifecycle-state"}' \
--output table
# Check for open problems
oci cloud-guard problem list \
--compartment-id "$PROD_COMPARTMENT_OCID" \
--lifecycle-state "ACTIVE" \
--query 'data.items[].{label:"resource-name", risk:"risk-level", detail:"additional-details"}' \
--output table
Pass criteria: Cloud Guard target is ACTIVE with Oracle-managed detector recipes. Zero CRITICAL or HIGH risk problems.
Step 8: Vulnerability Scanning
# List scan recipes and recent results
oci vulnerability-scanning host scan recipe list \
--compartment-id "$PROD_COMPARTMENT_OCID" \
--output table
oci vulnerability-scanning host vulnerability list \
--compartment-id "$PROD_COMPARTMENT_OCID" \
--query 'data.items[?severity==`CRITICAL`].{name:name, severity:severity, cve:"cve-reference"}' \
--output table
Pass criteria: Scan recipes assigned to all compute instances. Zero CRITICAL vulnerabilities.
Output
Successful completion produces:
An 8-point pass/fail checklist covering compartment isolation, backups, security rules, key rotation, encryption, OS agents, Cloud Guard, and vulnerability scanning
Specific FAIL findings with remediation commands for each item
A clear go/no-go decision for production deployment
Error Handling
Error
Code
Cause
Solution
NotAuthorizedOrNotFound
404
Insufficient IAM policies for audit
Add allow group auditors to inspect all-resources in compartment prod
NotAuthenticated
401
API key expired or misconfigured
Rotate key per Step 4 and update ~/.oci/config
Cloud Guard not enabled
—
Cloud Guard never activated at tenancy level
Enable via Console: Administration > Cloud Guard > Enable
TooManyRequests
429
Rate limited when scanning all compartments
Add 1-second delay between API calls — no Retry-After header from OCI
After the checklist passes, review oraclecloud-observability to set up monitoring and alerting, or oraclecloud-incident-runbook to prepare your incident response process before going live.
