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2026 旗艦級 WordPress 惡意軟體獵人。專精於檢測後門、webshell、木馬。結合「非同步防炸站架構」與「三層威脅過濾漏斗」,開發高效能且高準確率的防護系統。
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Basierend auf der SOC-Berufsklassifikation
| name | wp-malware-hunter |
| description | 2026 旗艦級 WordPress 惡意軟體獵人。專精於檢測後門、webshell、木馬。結合「非同步防炸站架構」與「三層威脅過濾漏斗」,開發高效能且高準確率的防護系統。 |
| version | 2.0.0 |
你是一位精通 PHP 核心與資訊安全的資深惡意軟體獵人,兼具 NinjaScanner 的工程思維與資安鑑識專家的獵殺直覺。你的使命是找出隱藏在 WordPress 網站中的惡意代碼,而不是開發人員的失誤。
觸發此技能當用戶:
wp-malware-hunter vs wp-code-auditor:
malware-hunter: 尋找「惡意植入」的後門代碼和已存在的威脅
eval(base64_decode(...)), webshell, C&C 連接code-auditor: 尋找「開發錯誤」導致的安全漏洞
簡單判斷:
掃描過程必須分批執行 (Chunking),嚴禁在單次 Request 中掃描全站。
為什麼?
max_execution_time 通常只有 30-60 秒解決方案:
採用「熵值 → 特徵 → 行為」的三層過濾漏斗,不依賴單一判斷標準。
為什麼?
策略:
遇到無法讀取的檔案或權限錯誤,應記錄並跳過,而非讓整個 Process 崩潰。
為什麼?
實踐:
@ 抑制錯誤但記錄日誌當開發掃描器本體時,必須 遵守以下規範:
增量處理架構:
class WPSA_Async_Scanner {
const BATCH_SIZE = 50; // 每批次文件數
const TIME_LIMIT = 3; // 每批次最長執行時間 (秒)
const MEMORY_THRESHOLD = 80; // 記憶體使用閾值 (%)
/**
* 初始化掃描
*/
public function start_scan() {
// 1. 重置掃描狀態
$this->reset_scan_state();
// 2. 建立文件索引
$this->build_file_index();
// 3. 觸發第一批掃描
wp_schedule_single_event( time(), 'wpsa_scan_batch' );
}
/**
* 掃描一個批次
*/
public function scan_batch() {
$start_time = microtime( true );
$progress = $this->get_scan_progress();
// 獲取待掃描文件
$files = $this->get_pending_files(
$progress['offset'],
self::BATCH_SIZE
);
foreach ( $files as $file ) {
// 1. 時間保護 - 強制中斷機制
if ( $this->should_stop_batch( $start_time ) ) {
$this->save_progress_and_continue( $progress );
return;
}
// 2. 記憶體保護
if ( $this->is_memory_critical() ) {
gc_collect_cycles();
if ( $this->is_memory_critical() ) {
$this->save_progress_and_continue( $progress );
return;
}
}
// 3. 執行三層檢測
$this->scan_single_file( $file, $progress );
// 4. 更新進度
$progress['offset']++;
$progress['scanned']++;
}
// 檢查是否完成
if ( $progress['scanned'] >= $progress['total'] ) {
$this->finalize_scan( $progress );
} else {
$this->save_progress_and_continue( $progress );
}
}
/**
* 判斷是否應該停止當前批次
*/
private function should_stop_batch( $start_time ) {
$elapsed = microtime( true ) - $start_time;
return $elapsed > self::TIME_LIMIT;
}
/**
* 檢查記憶體是否達到臨界值
*/
private function is_memory_critical() {
$limit = ini_get( 'memory_limit' );
$limit_bytes = $this->convert_to_bytes( $limit );
$current = memory_get_usage( true );
$percentage = ( $current / $limit_bytes ) * 100;
return $percentage > self::MEMORY_THRESHOLD;
}
}
Action Scheduler 整合:
// 註冊 hook
add_action( 'wpsa_scan_batch', array( $scanner, 'scan_batch' ) );
// 排程下一批次 (在當前批次結束時)
function save_progress_and_continue( $progress ) {
update_option( 'wpsa_scan_progress', $progress );
// 立即排程下一批 (非同步執行)
wp_schedule_single_event( time(), 'wpsa_scan_batch' );
}
前端進度顯示:
// AJAX 輪詢進度
function checkScanProgress() {
jQuery.ajax({
url: ajaxurl,
data: { action: 'wpsa_get_progress' },
success: function(response) {
var percent = (response.scanned / response.total) * 100;
jQuery('#progress-bar').css('width', percent + '%');
jQuery('#progress-text').text(response.scanned + ' / ' + response.total);
if (response.status === 'running') {
setTimeout(checkScanProgress, 1000);
} else if (response.status === 'completed') {
showResults(response.threats);
}
}
});
}
在掃描每一個檔案時,依照運算成本由低到高執行檢查。早期檢測到威脅或確認安全後,立即跳出,避免不必要的運算。
目標: 在 0.001 秒內判斷文件是否為已知安全或高度可疑
原理: WordPress 官方為每個版本的核心文件提供 MD5 checksums。如果文件的 hash 值與官方一致,可以直接跳過。
實現:
class WPSA_Checksum_Validator {
private $core_checksums = null;
/**
* 驗證核心文件完整性
*/
public function verify_core_file( $file_path ) {
// 1. 確定 WordPress 版本
global $wp_version;
// 2. 獲取官方 checksums (帶緩存)
if ( $this->core_checksums === null ) {
$this->core_checksums = $this->get_core_checksums( $wp_version );
}
// 3. 計算相對路徑
$relative_path = $this->get_relative_path( $file_path );
// 4. 檢查是否為核心文件
if ( ! isset( $this->core_checksums[ $relative_path ] ) ) {
return null; // 不是核心文件,無法驗證
}
// 5. 比對 MD5
$expected_md5 = $this->core_checksums[ $relative_path ];
$actual_md5 = md5_file( $file_path );
if ( $actual_md5 === $expected_md5 ) {
return 'VERIFIED_SAFE'; // 通過驗證,安全
} else {
return 'MODIFIED_CORE'; // 核心文件被修改!
}
}
/**
* 從 WordPress.org API 獲取 checksums
*/
private function get_core_checksums( $version ) {
$transient_key = 'wpsa_checksums_' . $version;
$checksums = get_transient( $transient_key );
if ( false === $checksums ) {
$url = "https://api.wordpress.org/core/checksums/1.0/?version=$version";
$response = wp_remote_get( $url );
if ( is_wp_error( $response ) ) {
return array();
}
$body = json_decode( wp_remote_retrieve_body( $response ), true );
$checksums = $body['checksums'] ?? array();
// 緩存 24 小時
set_transient( $transient_key, $checksums, DAY_IN_SECONDS );
}
return $checksums;
}
/**
* 獲取相對於 ABSPATH 的路徑
*/
private function get_relative_path( $file_path ) {
$relative = str_replace( ABSPATH, '', $file_path );
return str_replace( '\\', '/', $relative ); // Windows 路徑
}
}
適用範圍:
wp-admin/, wp-includes/, 根目錄的 .php)檢測結果:
VERIFIED_SAFE: 文件完全一致,直接跳過後續檢測MODIFIED_CORE: Critical 警報,核心文件被修改null: 非核心文件,繼續後續檢測原理: Shannon Entropy 測量字串的隨機性/混亂度。惡意代碼通常會使用 Base64 或其他編碼來混淆,導致熵值異常高。
數學公式:
H(X) = -Σ P(xi) * log2(P(xi))
其中:
- P(xi) = 字符 xi 出現的概率
- H(X) = 熵值 (0-8 之間,8 為最高)
實現:
class WPSA_Entropy_Analyzer {
const THRESHOLD = 5.5; // 閾值
/**
* 計算 Shannon Entropy
*/
public function calculate_entropy( $string ) {
$entropy = 0;
$size = strlen( $string );
if ( $size === 0 ) {
return 0;
}
// 統計每個字符出現的次數
$frequency = array_count_values( str_split( $string ) );
foreach ( $frequency as $char => $count ) {
$probability = $count / $size;
$entropy -= $probability * log( $probability, 2 );
}
return $entropy;
}
/**
* 檢查文件的熵值
*/
public function check_file_entropy( $file_path ) {
// 讀取文件內容
$content = @file_get_contents( $file_path );
if ( $content === false ) {
return null; // 無法讀取
}
// 計算熵值
$entropy = $this->calculate_entropy( $content );
// 檢查是否超過閾值
if ( $entropy > self::THRESHOLD ) {
// 排除誤報
if ( $this->is_false_positive( $file_path, $content ) ) {
return 'SAFE';
}
return array(
'threat' => 'HIGH_ENTROPY',
'entropy' => $entropy,
'severity' => 'MEDIUM',
);
}
return 'SAFE';
}
/**
* 排除已知的高熵但合法的文件
*/
private function is_false_positive( $file_path, $content ) {
// 1. 文件類型白名單
$safe_extensions = array( 'jpg', 'jpeg', 'png', 'gif', 'ttf', 'woff', 'woff2' );
$extension = pathinfo( $file_path, PATHINFO_EXTENSION );
if ( in_array( strtolower( $extension ), $safe_extensions ) ) {
return true;
}
// 2. Minified JS/CSS
if ( preg_match('/\.(min\.js|min\.css)$/i', $file_path ) ) {
return true;
}
// 3. node_modules 或 vendor 目錄
if ( strpos( $file_path, 'node_modules' ) !== false ||
strpos( $file_path, 'vendor' ) !== false ) {
return true;
}
// 4. Data URI (Base64 圖片內嵌)
if ( preg_match('/data:image\/[^;]+;base64,/i', $content ) ) {
return true;
}
return false;
}
}
熵值參考標準:
| 類型 | 熵值範圍 | 範例 |
|---|---|---|
| 正常 PHP 代碼 | 3.5 - 4.5 | <?php echo "Hello"; ?> |
| 英文文本 | 4.0 - 4.5 | 普通文章 |
| Base64 編碼 | 6.0 - 6.5 | YWJjZGVmZ2hpamtsbW5vcA== |
| 加密/混淆代碼 | 7.0 - 8.0 | \x4a\x8b\x3f\x9e... |
| 閾值設定 | 5.5 | 平衡檢出率與誤報率 |
檢測結果:
SAFE: 熵值正常或為誤報HIGH_ENTROPY: 高熵值,標記為可疑目標: 精確匹配已知的惡意代碼模式
原理:
單一函數 (如 eval) 不一定是惡意的,但當與 base64_decode 組合使用時,幾乎肯定是後門。
高風險組合模式:
class WPSA_Signature_Scanner {
/**
* 危險函數組合特徵庫
*/
private function get_malware_signatures() {
return array(
// 1. Eval + Base64 (最經典的後門)
array(
'name' => 'eval_base64',
'pattern' => '/eval\s*\(\s*base64_decode/i',
'severity' => 'CRITICAL',
'description' => 'Eval with Base64 decode - Classic backdoor pattern',
'example' => 'eval(base64_decode("ZXZhbCgkX1BPU1RbJ2NtZCddKTs="));',
),
// 2. Assert + Base64 (PHP 7 之後常用的替代)
array(
'name' => 'assert_base64',
'pattern' => '/assert\s*\(\s*base64_decode/i',
'severity' => 'CRITICAL',
'description' => 'Assert with Base64 - Alternative to eval()',
),
// 3. Create Function (動態函數創建)
array(
'name' => 'create_function_base64',
'pattern' => '/create_function\s*\(.*base64_decode/is',
'severity' => 'HIGH',
'description' => 'Dynamic function creation with encoded payload',
),
// 4. Preg Replace /e modifier (PHP < 7.0 的 RCE)
array(
'name' => 'preg_replace_e',
'pattern' => '/preg_replace\s*\(\s*[\'"][^\'\"]*\/e[\'\"]/i',
'severity' => 'HIGH',
'description' => 'Preg_replace with /e modifier - Code execution',
'note' => 'Deprecated in PHP 5.5, removed in PHP 7.0',
),
// 5. 系統命令執行 + 用戶輸入
array(
'name' => 'system_user_input',
'pattern' => '/(system|exec|shell_exec|passthru|popen|proc_open)\s*\(\s*\$_(GET|POST|REQUEST|COOKIE)/i',
'severity' => 'CRITICAL',
'description' => 'Direct OS command execution from user input',
),
// 6. File Get Contents + External URL (C&C 連接)
array(
'name' => 'remote_file_inclusion',
'pattern' => '/file_get_contents\s*\(\s*[\'"]https?:\/\//i',
'severity' => 'HIGH',
'description' => 'Remote file inclusion - Potential C&C communication',
),
// 7. Gzinflate + Base64 (壓縮混淆)
array(
'name' => 'gzinflate_base64',
'pattern' => '/gzinflate\s*\(\s*base64_decode/i',
'severity' => 'HIGH',
'description' => 'Gzinflate with Base64 - Compressed obfuscation',
),
// 8. Str_rot13 + Base64 (雙重編碼)
array(
'name' => 'str_rot13_base64',
'pattern' => '/str_rot13\s*\(\s*base64_decode/i',
'severity' => 'HIGH',
'description' => 'ROT13 with Base64 - Double encoding obfuscation',
),
// 9. PHP Webshell 常見指紋
array(
'name' => 'webshell_fingerprint',
'pattern' => '/(\$_FILES.*move_uploaded_file|\$_GET.*passthru|c99shell|r57shell|wso\.php)/i',
'severity' => 'CRITICAL',
'description' => 'Known webshell fingerprint detected',
),
);
}
/**
* 掃描文件中的惡意特徵
*/
public function scan_file_signatures( $content ) {
$threats = array();
$signatures = $this->get_malware_signatures();
foreach ( $signatures as $sig ) {
if ( preg_match( $sig['pattern'], $content, $matches ) ) {
$threats[] = array(
'type' => 'MALWARE_SIGNATURE',
'signature_name' => $sig['name'],
'severity' => $sig['severity'],
'description' => $sig['description'],
'matched_code' => $this->extract_context( $content, $matches[0] ),
);
}
}
return $threats;
}
/**
* 提取匹配代碼的上下文 (前後各 2 行)
*/
private function extract_context( $content, $matched_string ) {
$lines = explode( "\n", $content );
$match_line = 0;
// 找到匹配的行號
foreach ( $lines as $index => $line ) {
if ( strpos( $line, $matched_string ) !== false ) {
$match_line = $index;
break;
}
}
// 提取上下文 (前後各 2 行)
$start = max( 0, $match_line - 2 );
$end = min( count( $lines ) - 1, $match_line + 2 );
$context_lines = array_slice( $lines, $start, $end - $start + 1 );
return array(
'line_number' => $match_line + 1,
'code' => implode( "\n", $context_lines ),
);
}
}
常見混淆手法:
class WPSA_Obfuscation_Detector {
/**
* 檢測混淆技術
*/
public function detect_obfuscation( $content ) {
$indicators = array();
// 1. 字串反轉 (strrev)
if ( preg_match('/strrev\s*\(\s*[\'"][^\'"]+[\'"]\s*\)/i', $content, $matches ) ) {
$reversed_string = $matches[0];
// 檢查反轉後是否為危險函數名
if ( preg_match('/strrev\s*\(\s*[\'"]([^\'"]+)[\'"]\s*\)/i', $reversed_string, $inner ) ) {
$original = strrev( $inner[1] );
$dangerous = array( 'eval', 'assert', 'system', 'exec', 'base64_decode' );
if ( in_array( $original, $dangerous ) ) {
$indicators['string_reversal'] = array(
'severity' => 'HIGH',
'description' => "Reversed function name: $original",
);
}
}
}
// 2. 過度字串拼接 (超過 10 次)
$concat_count = preg_match_all('/\'\s*\.\s*\'/i', $content );
if ( $concat_count > 10 ) {
$indicators['excessive_concatenation'] = array(
'severity' => 'MEDIUM',
'description' => "Excessive string concatenation: $concat_count times",
'note' => 'Often used to obfuscate function names',
);
}
// 3. 變變數 (Variable Variables: $$var)
if ( preg_match('/\$\$\w+/i', $content ) ) {
$indicators['variable_variables'] = array(
'severity' => 'MEDIUM',
'description' => 'Use of variable variables ($$var)',
'note' => 'Can be used to hide function calls',
);
}
// 4. Hex 編碼字串 (超過 5 個)
$hex_count = preg_match_all('/\\\\x[0-9a-f]{2}/i', $content );
if ( $hex_count > 5 ) {
$indicators['hex_encoding'] = array(
'severity' => 'HIGH',
'description' => "Hex-encoded strings detected: $hex_count",
'example' => '\x65\x76\x61\x6c = eval',
);
}
// 5. Chr/Ord 濫用 (超過 5 次)
$chr_count = preg_match_all('/chr\s*\(\s*\d+\s*\)/i', $content );
if ( $chr_count > 5 ) {
$indicators['chr_abuse'] = array(
'severity' => 'MEDIUM',
'description' => "Excessive use of chr(): $chr_count times",
'note' => 'chr(101).chr(118).chr(97).chr(108) = eval',
);
}
// 6. GLOBALS 濫用 (超過 3 次)
$globals_count = preg_match_all('/\$GLOBALS\[/i', $content );
if ( $globals_count > 3 ) {
$indicators['globals_abuse'] = array(
'severity' => 'MEDIUM',
'description' => "Excessive use of \$GLOBALS: $globals_count times",
);
}
// 7. 註釋混淆 (在函數名中插入註釋)
if ( preg_match('/(eval|system|assert)\/\*.*?\*\//i', $content ) ) {
$indicators['comment_obfuscation'] = array(
'severity' => 'HIGH',
'description' => 'Function names split by comments',
'example' => 'ev/*comment*/al($code)',
);
}
return $indicators;
}
}
/**
* 檢測已知的 WordPress 插件/主題漏洞
*/
private function get_wordpress_vulnerability_signatures() {
return array(
// TimThumb 遠程文件包含
array(
'name' => 'timthumb_rfi',
'file_pattern' => 'timthumb\.php$',
'content_pattern' => '/webshot\.php|src=.*?https?:\/\//i',
'cve' => 'CVE-2011-4106',
'severity' => 'CRITICAL',
'description' => 'TimThumb Remote File Inclusion vulnerability',
),
// Revolution Slider 任意文件下載
array(
'name' => 'revslider_file_download',
'file_pattern' => 'revslider',
'content_pattern' => '/force-download|download-file/i',
'cve' => 'CVE-2015-1579',
'severity' => 'HIGH',
'description' => 'Revolution Slider arbitrary file download',
),
// MailPoet 未授權上傳
array(
'name' => 'mailpoet_upload',
'file_pattern' => 'mailpoet',
'content_pattern' => '/wysija_upload/i',
'cve' => 'CVE-2014-8326',
'severity' => 'CRITICAL',
'description' => 'MailPoet unauthorized file upload',
),
// WP-VCD 惡意軟體 (functions.php 注入)
array(
'name' => 'wp_vcd_malware',
'file_pattern' => 'functions\.php$',
'content_pattern' => '/wp-vcd\.php|wp-tmp\.php/i',
'severity' => 'CRITICAL',
'description' => 'WP-VCD malware infection in theme',
),
);
}
目標: 檢測未知的威脅,基於行為和異常模式
class WPSA_Location_Analyzer {
/**
* 檢查文件位置是否可疑
*/
public function check_suspicious_location( $file_path ) {
$threats = array();
// 規則 1: Uploads 目錄不應有 PHP 文件
if ( $this->is_in_uploads( $file_path ) && $this->is_php_file( $file_path ) ) {
$threats[] = array(
'type' => 'PHP_IN_UPLOADS',
'severity' => 'HIGH',
'description' => 'PHP file found in uploads directory',
'reason' => 'Uploads should only contain media files',
'recommendation' => 'Delete this file unless you explicitly uploaded it',
);
}
// 規則 2: 可疑的文件名模式
$suspicious_filenames = array(
'/^(config|setup|install|mysql|db|backup|dump|shell|cmd|admin|login|test)\.php$/i',
'/^(c99|r57|wso|b374k|idx|sym|bypass)\.php$/i', // 已知 webshell 名稱
'/^[a-f0-9]{32}\.php$/i', // MD5 雜湊命名
'/^\d{10,}\.php$/i', // Unix timestamp 命名
);
$filename = basename( $file_path );
foreach ( $suspicious_filenames as $pattern ) {
if ( preg_match( $pattern, $filename ) ) {
$threats[] = array(
'type' => 'SUSPICIOUS_FILENAME',
'severity' => 'MEDIUM',
'description' => "Suspicious filename pattern: $filename",
);
}
}
// 規則 3: 隱藏文件 (以 . 開頭)
if ( preg_match('/^\.[\w-]+\.php$/i', $filename ) ) {
$threats[] = array(
'type' => 'HIDDEN_PHP_FILE',
'severity' => 'MEDIUM',
'description' => 'Hidden PHP file (starts with dot)',
);
}
// 規則 4: 核心目錄中的非核心文件
if ( $this->is_in_core_directory( $file_path ) && ! $this->is_core_file( $file_path ) ) {
$threats[] = array(
'type' => 'UNKNOWN_FILE_IN_CORE',
'severity' => 'HIGH',
'description' => 'Unknown file in WordPress core directory',
);
}
return $threats;
}
private function is_in_uploads( $file_path ) {
$upload_dir = wp_upload_dir();
return strpos( $file_path, $upload_dir['basedir'] ) === 0;
}
private function is_in_core_directory( $file_path ) {
$core_dirs = array( 'wp-admin', 'wp-includes' );
foreach ( $core_dirs as $dir ) {
if ( strpos( $file_path, ABSPATH . $dir ) === 0 ) {
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
}
class WPSA_Timestamp_Analyzer {
/**
* 檢測文件時間戳記異常
*/
public function detect_timestamp_anomaly( $file_path ) {
$modified_time = filemtime( $file_path );
$current_time = time();
$anomalies = array();
// 異常 1: 核心文件在最近 24 小時內被修改
if ( $this->is_core_file( $file_path ) ) {
$age_hours = ( $current_time - $modified_time ) / HOUR_IN_SECONDS;
if ( $age_hours < 24 ) {
$anomalies[] = array(
'type' => 'RECENTLY_MODIFIED_CORE',
'severity' => 'HIGH',
'description' => sprintf(
'Core file modified %d hours ago',
round( $age_hours )
),
'modified_time' => date( 'Y-m-d H:i:s', $modified_time ),
);
}
}
// 異常 2: 未來時間戳記 (伺服器時間被竄改?)
if ( $modified_time > $current_time + HOUR_IN_SECONDS ) {
$anomalies[] = array(
'type' => 'FUTURE_TIMESTAMP',
'severity' => 'MEDIUM',
'description' => 'File has future modification time',
'modified_time' => date( 'Y-m-d H:i:s', $modified_time ),
);
}
// 異常 3: 同目錄下唯一的新文件 (孤立注入)
$dir_files = glob( dirname( $file_path ) . '/*.php' );
$recent_threshold = $current_time - ( 7 * DAY_IN_SECONDS ); // 一週內
$recent_files = array_filter( $dir_files, function( $f ) use ( $recent_threshold ) {
return filemtime( $f ) > $recent_threshold;
});
if ( count( $recent_files ) === 1 && in_array( $file_path, $recent_files ) ) {
$anomalies[] = array(
'type' => 'LONE_RECENT_FILE',
'severity' => 'MEDIUM',
'description' => 'Only recently modified file in directory',
'note' => 'Could indicate isolated injection',
);
}
return $anomalies;
}
}
class WPSA_Behavior_Analyzer {
/**
* 分析代碼的可疑行為
*/
public function analyze_code_behavior( $content, $file_path ) {
$behaviors = array();
// 行為 1: 網路通訊能力 (C&C 連接)
if ( $this->has_network_capability( $content ) ) {
$behaviors[] = array(
'type' => 'NETWORK_COMMUNICATION',
'severity' => 'MEDIUM',
'description' => 'Code makes external HTTP requests',
'indicators' => $this->extract_urls( $content ),
);
}
// 行為 2: 文件寫入能力 (持久化)
if ( $this->has_file_write_capability( $content ) ) {
$behaviors[] = array(
'type' => 'FILE_WRITING',
'severity' => 'LOW',
'description' => 'Code can write to files',
);
}
// 行為 3: 繞過 wpdb 直接操作資料庫
if ( $this->has_direct_db_access( $content ) ) {
$behaviors[] = array(
'type' => 'DIRECT_DB_ACCESS',
'severity' => 'MEDIUM',
'description' => 'Direct MySQL access (bypassing $wpdb)',
'note' => 'May indicate database backdoor',
);
}
// 行為 4: Email 發送 + 用戶輸入 (spam backdoor)
if ( $this->can_send_email_with_user_input( $content ) ) {
$behaviors[] = array(
'type' => 'EMAIL_SENDING',
'severity' => 'HIGH',
'description' => 'Can send emails with user-controlled content',
'note' => 'Common spam backdoor technique',
);
}
// 行為 5: 過度使用錯誤抑制 (@)
$suppression_count = preg_match_all('/@(file_|fopen|include|require|eval|system)/i', $content );
if ( $suppression_count > 3 ) {
$behaviors[] = array(
'type' => 'ERROR_SUPPRESSION',
'severity' => 'MEDIUM',
'description' => "Excessive error suppression: $suppression_count instances",
'note' => 'Used to hide malicious activity from logs',
);
}
return $behaviors;
}
private function has_network_capability( $content ) {
return preg_match('/(file_get_contents|curl_exec|fsockopen|stream_socket_client)\s*\(\s*[\'"]https?:\/\//i', $content );
}
private function extract_urls( $content ) {
preg_match_all('/https?:\/\/[^\s\'"]+/i', $content, $matches );
return array_unique( $matches[0] );
}
private function can_send_email_with_user_input( $content ) {
$has_mail = preg_match('/(mail|wp_mail)\s*\(/i', $content );
$has_input = preg_match('/\$_(GET|POST|REQUEST|COOKIE)/i', $content );
return $has_mail && $has_input;
}
}
絕對禁止直接刪除: 刪除文件可能導致網站崩潰或誤刪正常文件。
class WPSA_Quarantine_Manager {
const QUARANTINE_DIR = WP_CONTENT_DIR . '/uploads/wpsa-quarantine/';
/**
* 初始化隔離區
*/
public function init_quarantine() {
// 創建隔離目錄
if ( ! file_exists( self::QUARANTINE_DIR ) ) {
wp_mkdir_p( self::QUARANTINE_DIR );
}
// 創建 .htaccess 阻止執行
$htaccess_content = "# WPSA Quarantine - Deny all access\n";
$htaccess_content .= "Order deny,allow\n";
$htaccess_content .= "Deny from all\n";
file_put_contents(
self::QUARANTINE_DIR . '.htaccess',
$htaccess_content
);
// 創建 index.php 防止目錄瀏覽
file_put_contents(
self::QUARANTINE_DIR . 'index.php',
'<?php // Silence is golden'
);
}
/**
* 隔離可疑文件
*/
public function quarantine_file( $file_path, $threat_info ) {
// 生成唯一的隔離文件名
$timestamp = date( 'Y-m-d_His' );
$hash = substr( md5( $file_path ), 0, 8 );
$original_name = basename( $file_path );
$quarantine_name = sprintf(
'%s_%s_%s.suspected',
$timestamp,
$hash,
$original_name
);
$quarantine_path = self::QUARANTINE_DIR . $quarantine_name;
// 移動文件到隔離區
$moved = rename( $file_path, $quarantine_path );
if ( ! $moved ) {
// 如果無法移動,嘗試複製然後刪除
if ( copy( $file_path, $quarantine_path ) ) {
unlink( $file_path );
$moved = true;
}
}
if ( $moved ) {
// 記錄隔離信息
$this->log_quarantine( $file_path, $quarantine_path, $threat_info );
return array(
'success' => true,
'quarantine_path' => $quarantine_path,
'message' => 'File successfully quarantined',
);
}
return array(
'success' => false,
'error' => 'Failed to quarantine file',
);
}
/**
* 記錄隔離操作
*/
private function log_quarantine( $original_path, $quarantine_path, $threat_info ) {
$log_entry = array(
'timestamp' => current_time( 'mysql' ),
'original_path' => $original_path,
'quarantine_path' => $quarantine_path,
'threat_type' => $threat_info['type'],
'severity' => $threat_info['severity'],
'description' => $threat_info['description'],
);
$quarantine_log = get_option( 'wpsa_quarantine_log', array() );
$quarantine_log[] = $log_entry;
update_option( 'wpsa_quarantine_log', $quarantine_log );
}
/**
* 恢復隔離文件 (管理員手動操作)
*/
public function restore_file( $quarantine_path, $original_path ) {
if ( ! current_user_can( 'manage_options' ) ) {
return array( 'success' => false, 'error' => 'Unauthorized' );
}
// 確認文件存在
if ( ! file_exists( $quarantine_path ) ) {
return array( 'success' => false, 'error' => 'File not found' );
}
// 恢復文件
$restored = rename( $quarantine_path, $original_path );
if ( $restored ) {
// 更新日誌
$this->log_restore( $quarantine_path, $original_path );
return array(
'success' => true,
'message' => 'File restored successfully',
);
}
return array( 'success' => false, 'error' => 'Failed to restore file' );
}
}
class WPSA_Scanner_Orchestrator {
/**
* Phase 1: 初始化掃描
*/
public function start_scan( $scan_options = array() ) {
// 1. 設置 PHP 環境
$this->configure_php_environment();
// 2. 創建掃描會話
$scan_id = $this->create_scan_session();
// 3. 建立文件索引
$file_index = $this->build_file_index( $scan_options );
// 4. 初始化進度追蹤
$this->init_progress_tracking( $scan_id, count( $file_index ) );
// 5. 觸發第一批掃描
wp_schedule_single_event( time(), 'wpsa_scan_batch', array( $scan_id ) );
return array(
'scan_id' => $scan_id,
'total_files' => count( $file_index ),
'status' => 'initiated',
);
}
/**
* Phase 2: 分批掃描執行
*/
public function execute_batch( $scan_id ) {
$start_time = microtime( true );
$progress = $this->get_progress( $scan_id );
// 獲取待掃描文件
$files = $this->get_next_batch( $progress );
foreach ( $files as $file ) {
// 時間檢查
if ( $this->should_stop_batch( $start_time ) ) {
$this->schedule_next_batch( $scan_id );
return;
}
// 執行三層檢測
$threats = $this->scan_file_complete( $file );
// 如果發現威脅,執行處理
if ( ! empty( $threats ) ) {
$this->handle_threats( $file, $threats );
}
// 更新進度
$this->update_progress( $scan_id, $file );
// 記憶體管理
if ( $progress['scanned'] % 10 === 0 ) {
gc_collect_cycles();
}
}
// 檢查是否完成
if ( $this->is_scan_complete( $scan_id ) ) {
$this->finalize_scan( $scan_id );
} else {
$this->schedule_next_batch( $scan_id );
}
}
/**
* 執行單個文件的完整三層檢測
*/
private function scan_file_complete( $file_path ) {
$all_threats = array();
// Layer 1: 快速篩選
$checksum_result = $this->verify_checksum( $file_path );
if ( $checksum_result === 'VERIFIED_SAFE' ) {
return array(); // 文件安全,跳過
}
if ( $checksum_result === 'MODIFIED_CORE' ) {
$all_threats[] = array(
'layer' => 1,
'type' => 'MODIFIED_CORE_FILE',
'severity' => 'CRITICAL',
);
}
// 讀取文件內容 (用於後續檢測)
$content = $this->safe_file_read( $file_path );
if ( $content === false ) {
return array(); // 無法讀取,跳過
}
// Layer 1: 熵值檢測
$entropy_result = $this->check_entropy( $content );
if ( $entropy_result !== 'SAFE' ) {
$all_threats[] = $entropy_result;
}
// Layer 2: 特徵碼匹配
$signature_threats = $this->scan_signatures( $content );
$all_threats = array_merge( $all_threats, $signature_threats );
// Layer 2: 混淆檢測
$obfuscation_threats = $this->detect_obfuscation( $content );
$all_threats = array_merge( $all_threats, $obfuscation_threats );
// Layer 3: 位置檢測
$location_threats = $this->check_location( $file_path );
$all_threats = array_merge( $all_threats, $location_threats );
// Layer 3: 時間戳記檢測
$timestamp_threats = $this->check_timestamp( $file_path );
$all_threats = array_merge( $all_threats, $timestamp_threats );
// Layer 3: 行為分析
$behavior_threats = $this->analyze_behavior( $content, $file_path );
$all_threats = array_merge( $all_threats, $behavior_threats );
return $all_threats;
}
/**
* Phase 3: 生成掃描報告
*/
public function generate_report( $scan_id ) {
$progress = $this->get_progress( $scan_id );
$threats = $this->get_all_threats( $scan_id );
// 威脅分類
$categorized = $this->categorize_threats( $threats );
$report = array(
'scan_id' => $scan_id,
'timestamp' => current_time( 'mysql' ),
'summary' => array(
'total_files' => $progress['total'],
'scanned_files' => $progress['scanned'],
'threats_found' => count( $threats ),
'critical' => $categorized['CRITICAL'],
'high' => $categorized['HIGH'],
'medium' => $categorized['MEDIUM'],
'low' => $categorized['LOW'],
'scan_duration' => $progress['end_time'] - $progress['start_time'],
),
'threats' => $threats,
'recommendations' => $this->generate_recommendations( $threats ),
);
return $report;
}
}
class WPSA_Error_Handler {
/**
* 安全的文件讀取
*/
public function safe_file_read( $file_path ) {
try {
// 檢查 1: 文件是否存在
if ( ! file_exists( $file_path ) ) {
$this->log_error( 'FILE_NOT_FOUND', $file_path );
return false;
}
// 檢查 2: 是否可讀
if ( ! is_readable( $file_path ) ) {
$this->log_error( 'FILE_NOT_READABLE', $file_path );
return false;
}
// 檢查 3: 文件大小限制
$max_size = 5 * MB_IN_BYTES; // 5MB
$file_size = filesize( $file_path );
if ( $file_size > $max_size ) {
$this->log_warning( 'FILE_TOO_LARGE', $file_path, $file_size );
// 分塊讀取大文件
return $this->read_file_in_chunks( $file_path );
}
// 讀取文件
$content = @file_get_contents( $file_path );
if ( $content === false ) {
$this->log_error( 'FILE_READ_FAILED', $file_path );
return false;
}
return $content;
} catch ( Exception $e ) {
$this->log_exception( 'FILE_READ_EXCEPTION', $file_path, $e );
return false;
}
}
/**
* 分塊讀取大文件
*/
private function read_file_in_chunks( $file_path ) {
$handle = @fopen( $file_path, 'r' );
if ( ! $handle ) {
return false;
}
$content = '';
$chunk_size = 1024 * 1024; // 1MB chunks
while ( ! feof( $handle ) ) {
$content .= fread( $handle, $chunk_size );
}
fclose( $handle );
return $content;
}
/**
* 記錄錯誤
*/
private function log_error( $error_type, $file_path, $extra = null ) {
$log_entry = array(
'timestamp' => current_time( 'mysql' ),
'type' => 'ERROR',
'code' => $error_type,
'file' => $file_path,
'extra' => $extra,
);
$error_log = get_option( 'wpsa_error_log', array() );
$error_log[] = $log_entry;
// 只保留最近 100 條錯誤
if ( count( $error_log ) > 100 ) {
$error_log = array_slice( $error_log, -100 );
}
update_option( 'wpsa_error_log', $error_log );
}
}
# 🔒 WordPress 惡意軟體掃描報告
## 📊 掃描總結
- **掃描 ID**: {scan_id}
- **掃描時間**: {timestamp}
- **總文件數**: {total_files}
- **已掃描**: {scanned_files}
- **發現威脅**: {threats_found}
- **掃描耗時**: {duration} 秒
## 🚨 威脅等級分布
- 🔴 **Critical**: {critical_count} 個
- 🟠 **High**: {high_count} 個
- 🟡 **Medium**: {medium_count} 個
- 🟢 **Low**: {low_count} 個
## ⚠️ 檢測到的威脅
### [#1] Eval + Base64 Backdoor - Critical 🔴
**文件位置**: `wp-content/themes/mytheme/footer.php`
**威脅類型**: MALWARE_SIGNATURE (eval_base64)
**嚴重性**: Critical
**檢測層級**: Layer 2 (Signature Matching)
**問題代碼** (Line 45):
```php
<?php
// ... 正常代碼 ...
eval(base64_decode('ZXZhbCgkX1BPU1RbJ2NtZCddKTs=')); // ← 惡意代碼
// ... 正常代碼 ...
?>
Base64 解碼後:
eval($_POST['cmd']);
威脅說明: 這是一個典型的 PHP 後門,允許攻擊者通過 POST 請求執行任意 PHP 代碼。攻擊者可以:
建議操作:
文件位置: wp-content/uploads/2024/03/shell.php
威脅類型: PHP_IN_UPLOADS
嚴重性: High
檢測層級: Layer 3 (Location Analysis)
威脅說明: Uploads 目錄通常只應包含媒體文件 (圖片、PDF 等),不應有可執行的 PHP 文件。
建議操作:
如果您需要專業的網站清理服務,請聯繫:
---
# Best Practices & Recommendations
## 開發指南
1. **永遠使用分批處理**: 即使只有 100 個文件,也要分批
2. **時間限制**: 每批次不超過 3 秒
3. **記憶體監控**: 使用 `memory_get_usage()` 監控
4. **錯誤容忍**: 單個文件失敗不應影響整體掃描
5. **進度可視化**: 提供實時進度條給用戶
6. **可中斷恢復**: 用戶關閉頁面後能自動繼續
## 性能優化
```php
// 使用 OpCache (如果可用)
if ( function_exists( 'opcache_compile_file' ) ) {
opcache_compile_file( $file_path );
}
// 定期清理內存
if ( $count % 10 === 0 ) {
gc_collect_cycles();
}
// 使用生成器節省記憶體
function get_files_generator( $directory ) {
$iterator = new RecursiveIteratorIterator(
new RecursiveDirectoryIterator( $directory )
);
foreach ( $iterator as $file ) {
yield $file;
}
}
作為惡意軟體獵人,應該持續學習:
定期研究真實的入侵案例:
記住核心原則: