| name | audit-references |
| description | Use when literature notes exist and need citation verification, or before publishing any artifact that cites literature |
| complexity | medium |
| model-minimum | glm-5 |
| disable-model-invocation | false |
| allowed-tools | ["Read","Write","Grep","Glob","WebFetch","Bash(git *)"] |
| argument-hint | [project path or publication draft path] |
/audit-references
Verify every literature note and cited reference in a project or publication draft by fetching each URL and confirming the paper's identity. This is a mechanical verification procedure — do not rely on memory or judgment about whether a paper is real.
When to use this
- Pre-publication gate: Before committing or sharing any publication draft, run this to verify all cited references.
- Post-literature-review: After
/lit-review produces notes, run this to verify them.
- Periodic audit: On any project with a
literature/ directory that hasn't been audited recently.
- Incident response: When a hallucination is suspected in any literature note.
Step 1: Discover literature notes
If the argument is a project directory (e.g., projects/sample-project/):
- Glob for
<project>/literature/*.md (exclude synthesis.md or any non-note files)
- These are the notes to audit
If the argument is a publication draft file:
- Read the draft and extract all citation references (author-year style, footnotes, or bibliography entries)
- For each citation, find the corresponding literature note in the project's
literature/ directory
- Flag any citations that have no corresponding literature note
Step 2: Extract claims from each note
For each literature note, extract:
- Claimed title — from the
Citation: line or # <title> heading
- Claimed authors — from the
Citation: line
- Claimed URL/DOI — from the
URL/DOI: line
- Claimed venue/year — from the
Citation: line
- Current
verified field — if present in the note
Step 3: Fetch and verify each URL
For each URL/DOI:
- Fetch the URL using WebFetch. For arxiv URLs, fetch the abstract page (e.g.,
https://arxiv.org/abs/XXXX.XXXXX).
- Extract the actual title from the fetched page.
- Extract actual authors from the fetched page.
- Compare title: Does the fetched title match the claimed title? Use fuzzy matching — minor differences in capitalization, punctuation, or subtitle formatting are acceptable. A completely different topic is a FAIL.
- Compare authors: Does at least one claimed author appear in the fetched author list? One match is sufficient.
- Record the result: PASS (title matches, author matches), FAIL (title or author mismatch), or ERROR (URL unreachable, 404, paywall, etc.).
If a DOI is provided, fetch https://doi.org/<DOI> which redirects to the paper page.
Step 4: Update verified field
For each literature note:
- If verification PASSED: add or update
verified: YYYY-MM-DD below the CI layers: line (using today's date).
- If verification FAILED: add or update
verified: false and add a warning comment explaining the mismatch.
- If verification had an ERROR: add
verified: error — <reason> and note that manual verification is needed.
Step 5: Generate audit report
Produce a summary table and save it to <project>/literature/audit-YYYY-MM-DD.md:
# Literature Audit: <project name>
Date: YYYY-MM-DD
Notes audited: N
Passed: N
Failed: N
Errors: N
## Results
| File | Claimed title | URL | Title match | Author match | Status |
|------|--------------|-----|-------------|--------------|--------|
| <filename> | <claimed title> | <url> | yes/NO | yes/NO | PASS/FAIL/ERROR |
## Failed verifications
### <filename>
- Claimed: "<claimed title>" by <claimed authors>
- Fetched: "<actual title>" by <actual authors>
- Action needed: <remove note / correct URL / flag for human review>
## Notes
<any observations about patterns in failures, e.g., systematic fabrication, stale URLs, minor discrepancies>
Step 6: Flag downstream contamination
If any notes FAILED verification and the argument was a publication draft:
- List every place in the draft where the failed note is cited
- Recommend specific text to remove or flag
If any notes FAILED and there is a synthesis.md in the literature directory:
- Check whether the synthesis cites claims from failed notes
- List the contaminated sections
Judgment rules
- A title mismatch where the fetched page is on a completely different topic is a hallucination. Mark as FAIL.
- A title mismatch where the fetched page is the same paper with a slightly different title (e.g., camera-ready vs preprint) is acceptable. Mark as PASS with a note.
- An author list where none of the claimed authors appear is a strong hallucination signal. Mark as FAIL.
- A 404 or unreachable URL is not proof of hallucination — the paper may have moved. Mark as ERROR and note that manual verification is needed.
- If you recognize a paper from your training data, that recognition is not verification. You must still fetch the URL. The whole point of this skill is to replace judgment with mechanical checking.
Common Rationalizations
| Excuse | Reality |
|---|
| "I'm confident this paper is real — I know this work" | Your confidence is not evidence. Parametric memory fabricates plausible-sounding papers. Fetch the URL. |
| "The URL is obviously correct from the authors and year" | Hallucinated papers have plausible-looking URLs too. Fetch it. |
| "Fetching will just confirm what I already know" | Then fetching costs you 5 seconds. Not fetching risks a hallucinated citation in a publication. |
| "This is a well-known landmark paper" | A research project incident fabricated 7 papers, some citing "well-known" venues. Fetch it. |
| "The DOI resolves so it must be correct" | DOIs can point to different papers than claimed. Check the title and authors on the fetched page. |
| "Minor title mismatch is fine, clearly the same paper" | Verify authors too. A different paper on a similar topic can have a similar title. |
| "The URL timed out, but I know this paper exists" | Mark as ERROR and note for manual verification. Do not mark as PASS. |
Red Flags — STOP
- About to mark a note as "verified" without having used WebFetch in this session
- Reasoning about whether a paper "probably exists" instead of fetching
- Skipping a note because "it was verified last time" (re-verify if re-auditing)
- Marking a failed fetch as PASS because you "recognize" the paper
Commit
Follow docs/sops/commit-workflow.md. Commit message: audit-references: <project> — N notes audited, N passed, N failed
