scientific-method

name	scientific-method
scope	langsensei
description	Hypothesis-driven research — Observation → Decomposition → Cycle (Hypothesis → Prediction → Test → Conclusion) → Synthesis, with structured working files. (Mandatory execution methodology, follow SKILL.md to setup before any other tool calls)
version	2.1.0

Scientific Method

A cognitive framework for tasks that require reasoning, research, or exploration. Instead of executing a linear checklist, you iteratively form hypotheses, test them, and refine your understanding.

Where Files Go

Location	What Goes There
Skill directory	SKILL.md and templates
Your working directory	plan.md, findings.md, progress.md (created per task)

File Responsibilities

File	Role	Tracks
plan.md	How you think	Goal, current state pointer, key questions, decomposition, hypotheses, conclusions, synthesis, decisions
findings.md	What you found	Research findings, visual/browser findings, technical decisions, issues encountered, resources
progress.md	What you did	Actions log per step, test results, errors

One piece of information lives in one place. Don't duplicate status, errors, or findings across files.

Quick Start

Before starting any complex task:

1. Copy templates FIRST — this is your FIRST action. No other tool calls are allowed before these files exist. Do NOT create these files from scratch. The templates contain required structure and comments. If the files already exist, skip this step.

   cp <SKILL_DIR>/templates/plan.md .
   cp <SKILL_DIR>/templates/findings.md .
   cp <SKILL_DIR>/templates/progress.md .
   

   <SKILL_DIR> is the directory containing this SKILL.md. Resolve from your runtime context.

2. Fill in plan.md Goal — One sentence describing what you're trying to achieve. Update Current State **Step:** to Observation.
3. Follow the framework below — Start with Observation, then Decomposition, then Cycles

The Framework

Observation → Decomposition → [Hypothesis → Prediction → Test → Conclusion] × N → Synthesis
                                    ↑_______←_______↓ (if hypothesis rejected)

Each step is a distinct cognitive action. Do not skip steps. Do not combine steps.

1. Observation

Before anything else, understand what you're dealing with.

• Read the task description carefully
• Identify what you know vs what you don't know
• Record information gaps as Key Questions in plan.md
• Identify constraints, assumptions, and success criteria

Output: plan.md Goal + Key Questions + Observation section filled in. Update plan.md Observation Status → in_progress.

2. Decomposition

Break the problem into sub-problems. This is mandatory — even "simple" tasks benefit from explicit decomposition.

• Each sub-problem = one Cycle
• Each Cycle should be completable in one round of Hypothesis → Prediction → Test → Conclusion
• Order Cycles by dependency (what needs to be answered first?)
• Don't decompose generically ("research → analyze → report") — decompose by actual sub-questions

Output: plan.md Decomposition table filled in with Cycles. Update plan.md Observation Status → complete, Decomposition Status → complete.

Status transition rule: When you start a step, mark it in_progress. When you finish it and move to the next, mark it complete. The step you're entering becomes in_progress.

3. Cycle (repeat for each sub-problem)

When starting a Cycle, update plan.md Cycle N Status → in_progress and plan.md Current State.

Hypothesis

Based on what you know so far, propose an answer or approach.

• Be specific and falsifiable: "I think X because Y"
• Not: "I'll look into it" — that's not a hypothesis

Output: plan.md → Cycle N → Hypothesis section.

Prediction

If your hypothesis is correct, what would you expect to see?

• Define concrete, observable predictions
• These become your test criteria

Output: plan.md → Cycle N → Prediction section.

Test

Execute the verification. This is where you actually do work.

• Search, read code, run commands, call APIs, browse
• Record ALL discoveries in findings.md immediately
• 2-Action Rule: After every 2 search/browse/view actions, update findings.md
• Visual/multimodal content must be transcribed to text immediately — it won't persist

Output: findings.md updated with discoveries. progress.md Test Results table updated.

Conclusion

Was the hypothesis supported or rejected?

• Supported: Record conclusion, move to next Cycle
• Rejected: Form a new hypothesis based on what you learned, repeat the Cycle
• Partially supported: Note what held and what didn't, refine and repeat
• Record conclusion in plan.md → Cycle N → Conclusion
• Update plan.md Cycle N Status → complete (or stay in_progress if looping back)

4. Synthesis

After all Cycles are complete:

• Review all Cycle conclusions together
• Identify patterns, contradictions, or gaps
• Produce the final answer or deliverable
• Check: did you answer all Key Questions from Observation?

Output: plan.md Synthesis section + final deliverable. Update plan.md Synthesis Status → complete.

Critical Rules

Create Plan First

Never start a complex task without plan.md. Non-negotiable.

The 2-Action Rule

After every 2 view/browser/search actions, IMMEDIATELY save key findings to findings.md.

Multimodal content (images, browser results, screenshots) does not persist in context. Write it down or lose it.

Read Before Decide

Before major decisions, re-read plan.md. This refreshes goals in your attention window. Context decays over long sessions — your files don't.

Update Progress at Every Transition

When moving between steps, update progress.md actions log and plan.md Status field. Status in plan.md is the single source of truth for how far you've gotten. Also update plan.md Current State **Step:** to reflect where you are. Use the format: Observation, Decomposition, Synthesis, Complete, or Cycle N - Hypothesis, Cycle N - Prediction, Cycle N - Test, Cycle N - Conclusion.

Log ALL Errors

Every error goes in progress.md Errors table. Track what you tried. Never repeat a failed action — mutate the approach.

The 3-Strike Protocol

ATTEMPT 1: Diagnose & Fix
  → Read error, identify root cause, apply targeted fix

ATTEMPT 2: Alternative Approach
  → Same error? Different method. Different tool. Different angle.

ATTEMPT 3: Broader Rethink
  → Question assumptions. Search for solutions. Consider revising the plan.

AFTER 3 FAILURES: Escalate
  → Stop. Document what you tried in progress.md. Present the problem,
    attempts, and errors to the user. Ask for guidance or alternative direction.

Don't Skip Steps

Each step (Observation, Decomposition, Hypothesis, Prediction, Test, Conclusion, Synthesis) is a distinct cognitive action. Jumping from Observation straight to Test means you're guessing, not reasoning. The discipline of forming explicit hypotheses and predictions is what makes this framework work.

Don't Skip Cycles

Each Cycle in your Decomposition table represents a distinct sub-problem. Execute them in order, one by one. Even if you gathered data for Cycle N+1 during Cycle N, you must still formally go through Hypothesis → Prediction → Test → Conclusion for every Cycle. Merging or skipping Cycles means your reasoning chain has gaps. Before entering Synthesis, re-read plan.md and confirm every prior step and Cycle is marked complete.

Preserve Template Structure

The plan.md template ships a structure that the framework relies on. Do not rename, remove, or merge these required elements:

• 4 subsections per Cycle: ### Hypothesis, ### Prediction, ### Test, ### Conclusion
• Status fields: Every section and subsection that has a **Status:** field must keep it. Valid values: not_started, in_progress, complete
• Required top-level sections: ## Observation, ## Decomposition, ## Synthesis
• Current State format: **Step:** must be one of: Observation, Decomposition, Synthesis, Complete, or Cycle N - Hypothesis/Prediction/Test/Conclusion

Keep Files Fresh

Working files are your external memory; let them go stale and you lose the thread. Update them continuously, not just at phase boundaries.

• Before long operations (builds, tests, large searches): update progress.md with what you are about to do
• After completing work: update findings.md with what you discovered
• Every 2 search/browse/view actions (the 2-Action Rule): flush observations into findings.md before they fall out of context

When to Loop Back

• Hypothesis rejected → new hypothesis (stay in same Cycle)
• Discovered a sub-problem you didn't anticipate → add a new Cycle to plan.md
• Realize your decomposition was wrong → go back to Decomposition and restructure

Read vs Write Decision Matrix

Situation	Action	Reason
Just wrote a file	DON'T read it back	Content still in context
Viewed image/PDF	Write findings NOW	Multimodal → text before lost
Browser returned data	Write to findings.md	Screenshots don't persist
Starting new Cycle	Read plan + findings + progress	Re-orient before hypothesizing
Error occurred	Read relevant file	Need current state to fix
Resuming after gap	Read all 3 files	Recover full state

The 5-Question Reboot Test

If you can answer these from your files, your state management is solid:

Question	Source
Where am I?	Current State in plan.md + Status in plan.md
Where am I going?	Remaining steps — check Status fields in plan.md
What's the goal?	Goal statement in plan.md
What have I learned?	findings.md
What have I done?	progress.md

Anti-Patterns

Don't	Do Instead
Jump straight to testing	Form a hypothesis first
Decompose generically ("research, analyze, report")	Decompose by actual sub-questions
Keep findings in your head	Write to findings.md immediately
Repeat a failed approach	Log error, mutate approach
Skip prediction ("I'll just see what happens")	Define what you expect to see
Forget to update progress	Update at every step transition
Duplicate info across files	One piece of information, one file
Start without a plan	Create plan.md FIRST