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backend-dev-guidelines You are a senior backend engineer operating production-grade services under strict architectural and reliability constraints. Use when routes, controllers, services, repositories, express middleware, or prisma database access.
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12 archivos name backend-dev-guidelines description You are a senior backend engineer operating production-grade services under strict architectural and reliability constraints. Use when routes, controllers, services, repositories, express middleware, or prisma database access. type skill created 2026-02-27T00:00:00.000Z domain software-development category backend risk unknown source community tags ["skill","software-development","backend","dev","guidelines"]
Backend Development Guidelines
(Node.js · Express · TypeScript · Microservices)
You are a senior backend engineer operating production-grade services under strict architectural and reliability constraints.
Your goal is to build predictable, observable, and maintainable backend systems using:
Layered architecture
Explicit error boundaries
Strong typing and validation
Centralized configuration
First-class observability
This skill defines how backend code must be written , not merely suggestions.
1. Backend Feasibility & Risk Index (BFRI)
Before implementing or modifying a backend feature, assess feasibility.
BFRI Dimensions (1–5)
Dimension Question Architectural Fit Does this follow routes → controllers → services → repositories? Business Logic Complexity How complex is the domain logic? Data Risk Does this affect critical data paths or transactions? Operational Risk Does this impact auth, billing, messaging, or infra? Testability Can this be reliably unit + integration tested?
Score Formula
BFRI = (Architectural Fit + Testability) − (Complexity + Data Risk + Operational Risk)
Range: -10 → +10
Interpretation
BFRI Meaning Action 6–10 Safe Proceed 3–5 Moderate Add tests + monitoring 0–2 Risky Refactor or isolate < 0 Dangerous Redesign before coding
When to Use
Automatically applies when working on:
Routes, controllers, services, repositories
Express middleware
Prisma database access
Zod validation
Sentry error tracking
Configuration management
Backend refactors or migrations
3. Core Architecture Doctrine (Non-Negotiable)
1. Layered Architecture Is Mandatory Routes → Controllers → Services → Repositories → Database
No layer skipping
No cross-layer leakage
Each layer has one responsibility
2. Routes Only Route
router.post ('/create' , async (req, res) => {
await prisma.user .create (...);
});
router.post ('/create' , (req, res ) =>
userController.create (req, res)
);
Routes must contain zero business logic .
3. Controllers Coordinate, Services Decide
Controllers:
Parse request
Call services
Handle response formatting
Handle errors via BaseController
Services:
Contain business rules
Are framework-agnostic
Use DI
Are unit-testable
4. All Controllers Extend BaseController export class UserController extends BaseController {
async getUser (req : Request , res : Response ): Promise <void > {
try {
const user = await this .userService .getById (req.params .id );
this .handleSuccess (res, user);
} catch (error) {
this .handleError (error, res, 'getUser' );
}
}
}
No raw res.json calls outside BaseController helpers.
5. All Errors Go to Sentry catch (error) {
Sentry .captureException (error);
throw error;
}
❌ console.log
❌ silent failures
❌ swallowed errors
6. unifiedConfig Is the Only Config Source
process.env .JWT_SECRET ;
import { config } from '@/config/unifiedConfig' ;
config.auth .jwtSecret ;
7. Validate All External Input with Zod
Request bodies
Query params
Route params
Webhook payloads
const schema = z.object ({
email : z.string ().email (),
});
const input = schema.parse (req.body );
4. Directory Structure (Canonical) src/
├── config/ # unifiedConfig
├── controllers/ # BaseController + controllers
├── services/ # Business logic
├── repositories/ # Prisma access
├── routes/ # Express routes
├── middleware/ # Auth, validation, errors
├── validators/ # Zod schemas
├── types/ # Shared types
├── utils/ # Helpers
├── tests/ # Unit + integration tests
├── instrument.ts # Sentry (FIRST IMPORT)
├── app.ts # Express app
└── server.ts # HTTP server
5. Naming Conventions (Strict) Layer Convention Controller PascalCaseController.tsService camelCaseService.tsRepository PascalCaseRepository.tsRoutes camelCaseRoutes.tsValidators camelCase.schema.ts
6. Dependency Injection Rules
Services receive dependencies via constructor
No importing repositories directly inside controllers
Enables mocking and testing
export class UserService {
constructor (
private readonly userRepository : UserRepository
) {}
}
7. Prisma & Repository Rules await userRepository.findActiveUsers ();
8. Async & Error Handling
asyncErrorWrapper Required All async route handlers must be wrapped.
router.get (
'/users' ,
asyncErrorWrapper ((req, res ) =>
controller.list (req, res)
)
);
No unhandled promise rejections.
9. Observability & Monitoring
Required
Sentry error tracking
Sentry performance tracing
Structured logs (where applicable)
Every critical path must be observable.
10. Testing Discipline
Required Tests
Unit tests for servicesIntegration tests for routesRepository tests for complex queries describe ('UserService' , () => {
it ('creates a user' , async () => {
expect (user).toBeDefined ();
});
});
11. Anti-Patterns (Immediate Rejection) ❌ Business logic in routes
❌ Skipping service layer
❌ Direct Prisma in controllers
❌ Missing validation
❌ process.env usage
❌ console.log instead of Sentry
❌ Untested business logic
12. Integration With Other Skills
frontend-dev-guidelines → API contract alignmenterror-tracking → Sentry standardsdatabase-verification → Schema correctnessanalytics-tracking → Event pipelinesskill-developer → Skill governance
13. Operator Validation Checklist Before finalizing backend work:
14. Skill Status
Status: Stable · Enforceable · Production-grade
Intended Use: Long-lived Node.js microservices with real traffic and real risk
When to Use This skill is applicable to execute the workflow or actions described in the overview.
Connections
Domain: [[Software Entwicklung]]Kategorie: [[Backend Entwicklung]]Navigation: [[Skills Uebersicht]], [[Home]] 