exploit-development

name	exploit-development
description	Use when turning a memory-corruption bug into a working PoC — stack/ROP, glibc heap & FSOP, format strings, browser/JIT type confusion & UAF, Linux/Windows kernel LPE against ASLR/DEP/CFG/CET/V8-Sandbox
metadata	{"type":"offensive","phase":"exploitation","tools":"pwntools, gdb-gef, pwndbg, radare2, ropper, ROPgadget, one_gadget, angr, d8, WinDbg, IDA","mitre":["T1203","T1068","T1211","T1212","T1055"]}
kill_chain	{"phase":["weaponize","exploit"],"step":[2,4],"attck_tactics":["TA0042","TA0002","TA0004"],"attck_techniques":["T1203","T1068","T1211","T1212","T1055.012"]}
depends_on	["recon-osint","vulnerability-analysis"]
feeds_into	["edr-evasion","shellcode-dev","initial-access","privesc-linux","privesc-windows"]
inputs	["vulnerability_list","attack_surface_map","crash_corpus","target_versions"]
outputs	["exploit_poc","payload","primitive_chain","finding_record"]
references	["references/stack-rop-mitigations.md","references/heap-glibc-fsop.md","references/format-string-leaks.md","references/browser-jit-uaf.md","references/kernel-exploitation.md","references/exploit-feasibility.md"]
scripts	["scripts/rop_autochain.py","scripts/offset_finder.py","scripts/heap_fsop.py","scripts/safe_linking.py","scripts/fmtstr_leak.py","scripts/v8_primitives.js","scripts/kernel_lpe_skeleton.c","scripts/exploit_context.py","scripts/feasibility_profile.py"]

Exploit Development

End-to-end weaponization: turn a confirmed bug class into a reliable, version-pinned PoC, then a primitive chain (leak -> R/W -> control flow), against current mitigations. Every cluster pairs the offensive path with detection telemetry and OPSEC.

When to Activate

• A confirmed vulnerability needs a working, reliable PoC (>=90% success target).
• Userland binary exploitation: stack overflow, heap (UAF/overflow/double-free), format string.
• Defeating modern mitigations: ASLR/PIE, NX/DEP, stack canaries, Full RELRO, CFG, Intel CET shadow stack, V8 Sandbox/pointer compression.
• Browser/JIT engine exploitation (V8 type confusion, addrof/fakeobj, WASM jump-table pivot).
• Local privilege escalation via Linux/Windows kernel memory corruption.
• Converting a crash into a stable read/write/execute primitive chain.

Technique Map

Technique	ATT&CK	CWE	Reference	Script
Stack overflow -> ret2libc/ROP	T1203	CWE-121	references/stack-rop-mitigations.md	scripts/offset_finder.py
ret2csu / SROP / stack pivot	T1203	CWE-121	references/stack-rop-mitigations.md	scripts/rop_autochain.py
ret2dlresolve (leakless)	T1203	CWE-121	references/stack-rop-mitigations.md	scripts/rop_autochain.py
CET/CFG-aware control-flow hijack	T1203	CWE-1419	references/stack-rop-mitigations.md	scripts/rop_autochain.py
tcache/fastbin poisoning + safe-linking	T1203	CWE-416	references/heap-glibc-fsop.md	scripts/safe_linking.py
House of Botcake / Einherjar / Apple2	T1203	CWE-415	references/heap-glibc-fsop.md	scripts/heap_fsop.py
FSOP (stdout leak, House of Apple 2)	T1203	CWE-787	references/heap-glibc-fsop.md	scripts/heap_fsop.py
Format string leak + arbitrary write	T1203	CWE-134	references/format-string-leaks.md	scripts/fmtstr_leak.py
V8 type confusion -> addrof/fakeobj	T1203	CWE-843	references/browser-jit-uaf.md	scripts/v8_primitives.js
V8 Sandbox escape (WASM jump table)	T1203	CWE-843	references/browser-jit-uaf.md	scripts/v8_primitives.js
UAF heap-spray reclaim	T1203	CWE-416	references/browser-jit-uaf.md	scripts/v8_primitives.js
Linux kernel UAF -> cross-cache	T1068	CWE-416	references/kernel-exploitation.md	scripts/kernel_lpe_skeleton.c
Dirty Pagetable / Pagedirectory	T1068	CWE-416	references/kernel-exploitation.md	scripts/kernel_lpe_skeleton.c
msg_msg infoleak / spray	T1068	CWE-125	references/kernel-exploitation.md	scripts/kernel_lpe_skeleton.c
Windows PreviousMode / I/O Ring R/W	T1068	CWE-787	references/kernel-exploitation.md	scripts/kernel_lpe_skeleton.c
Empirical mitigation matrix (build witness under N profiles)	T1203	CWE-693	references/exploit-feasibility.md	scripts/feasibility_profile.py
Cached context + blocked-technique gate for /exploit	T1203	CWE-693	references/exploit-feasibility.md	scripts/exploit_context.py

Quick Start

# 0. Fingerprint target + libc (pin every version)
file ./target; pwn checksec ./target
strings -a libc.so.6 | grep -m1 'release version'   # exact glibc build
patchelf --set-interpreter ./ld.so --replace-needed libc.so.6 ./libc.so.6 ./target

# 1. Crash + offset (cyclic) — see scripts/offset_finder.py
python3 scripts/offset_finder.py ./target            # auto pattern_create/offset

# 2. Gadgets + one_gadget
ROPgadget --binary ./libc.so.6 > gadgets.txt
ropper -f ./libc.so.6 --search 'pop rdi; ret'
one_gadget ./libc.so.6

# 3. Build chain (leak -> base -> system/execve) — scripts/rop_autochain.py
python3 scripts/rop_autochain.py ./target ./libc.so.6 --leak puts --remote host:port

# 4. Heap targets: poison fd with safe-linking math, FSOP for the endgame
python3 scripts/safe_linking.py --chunk 0x55...000 --target 0x7f...   # encrypt fd
python3 scripts/heap_fsop.py --libc ./libc.so.6 --mode apple2         # FSOP payload

# 5. Verify reliability before delivery
for i in $(seq 1 50); do python3 exploit.py >/dev/null 2>&1 && echo ok; done | wc -l

Cache the target context once. Steps 0–2 (file/checksec/libc build, gadget table, one_gadget) describe the target, not a single attempt — compute them once and reuse them across every PoC iteration. Re-running recon on each attempt wastes budget and pollutes telemetry; an autopilot loop should treat the fingerprint + gadget set as cached input, not a per-iteration step. A future empirical feasibility profile (raptor-adoption PR-3) will rebuild the crash witness under several mitigation profiles and emit a machine-readable map of which techniques the target actually permits — the PoC is then forbidden from using a technique that map marks blocked. Until it lands: record the checksec/mitigation state explicitly and do not claim a technique the target's protections rule out.

OPSEC & Detection (summary)

Technique	Telemetry/IOC	Detection (Sigma/EDR)	OPSEC note
ROP/ret2libc	Stack exec faults, abnormal execve("/bin/sh") child of network daemon	EDR: child shell from listener; auditd execve of /bin/sh w/ empty argv	Use in-memory ORW (open/read/write flag) instead of shell to avoid execve IOC
Heap/FSOP	glibc *** stack smashing ***/malloc(): ... aborts in logs; SIGABRT crash loops	Sigma: repeated SIGABRT/SIGSEGV from same PID; coredump bursts	Disable coredumps (prctl(PR_SET_DUMPABLE,0)); tune spray to avoid abort()s
Format string	%n/%p strings in request/argv logs; segfault on bad write	WAF/Sigma on %n,%[0-9]+\$n in inputs	Pre-stage write target; minimize % count, avoid huge field widths
V8 type confusion	Renderer crash dumps, chrome_crashpad, GPU/renderer restarts	Crashpad telemetry; EDR on renderer spawning unexpected processes	Keep corruption inside cage; clean up sprayed arrays; avoid renderer crash on failure
Kernel LPE	dmesg oops/RIP, KASAN splats, apparmor/audit LPE child = root	Sigma: process gaining uid=0 w/o setuid path; EDR kernel-callback	Fileless (no SUID drop); restore corrupted state; clear dmesg only if authorized

Deep Dives

• references/stack-rop-mitigations.md — Stack overflow, ret2libc/ROP, ret2csu, SROP, stack pivots, ret2dlresolve; defeating ASLR/PIE/NX/canary/RELRO and CET shadow stack / CFG-aware constraints. Backed by offset_finder.py, rop_autochain.py.
• references/heap-glibc-fsop.md — glibc 2.35-2.40 internals, tcache/fastbin poisoning under safe-linking, House of Botcake/Einherjar/Apple 2/Tangerine, stdout FSOP leak, post-hook-removal endgames. Backed by safe_linking.py, heap_fsop.py.
• references/format-string-leaks.md — Read/write mechanics, stack-arg indexing, %n arbitrary write, PIE/libc/canary leaks, fmtstr automation and one-shot GOT/exit-handler overwrite. Backed by fmtstr_leak.py.
• references/browser-jit-uaf.md — V8 element-kind confusion, addrof/fakeobj, arbitrary R/W under pointer compression, 2024-2025 Maglev/TurboFan CVEs, V8 Sandbox escape via WASM jump table, generic UAF reclaim. Backed by v8_primitives.js.
• references/kernel-exploitation.md — Linux UAF/cross-cache, Dirty Pagetable/Pagedirectory (CVE-2024-1086), msg_msg leak/spray, SLUBStick; Windows pool spray, PreviousMode + I/O Ring R/W, CLFS/AFD CVEs. Backed by kernel_lpe_skeleton.c.
• references/exploit-feasibility.md — empirical mitigation matrix: rebuild the crash witness under permissive/distro/hardened/asan profiles, record which still fire, derive the blocked-technique map; /exploit is forbidden a technique the map marks blocked. Backed by feasibility_profile.py (build/replay, Linux/devcontainer) + exploit_context.py (cached checksec/libc + the assert_allowed gate). Pairs with reverse-engineering/references/rr-time-travel.md + coverage-reachability.md.