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- recca0120/codeatlas
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- 27 de marzo de 2026 a las 22:34
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SKILL.md
Instrucciones de origen · Vista previa de solo lectura- name
- commander
- description
- Commander.js v14 CLI 框架最佳實踐。當需要建立 CLI 工具、解析命令列參數、設計 subcommands 時使用。
# Commander.js v14
## 基本設定
```ts
import { Command } from "commander";
const program = new Command()
.name("my-cli")
.description("CLI description")
.version("1.0.0");
```
## Options
```ts
program
.option("-d, --debug", "debug mode") // boolean
.option("-p, --port <number>", "port", parseInt) // required value + parser
.option("-c, --config [path]", "config file") // optional value
.requiredOption("-u, --user <name>", "user"); // mandatory
```
## Subcommands
```ts
program
.command("serve")
.description("start server")
.argument("[root]", "project root", ".")
.option("-p, --port <number>", "port", parseInt)
.action(async (root, options) => {
console.log(`Serving ${root} on ${options.port}`);
});
await program.parseAsync();
```
## 共用 Options
```ts
function addSharedOptions(cmd: Command) {
return cmd
.option("-c, --country <code>", "country code")
.option("-l, --limit <number>", "limit", parseInt);
}
addSharedOptions(program.command("collect")).action(async (opts) => { ... });
addSharedOptions(program.command("generate")).action(async (opts) => { ... });
```
## Async Action
用 `parseAsync()` 取代 `parse()`：
```ts
program.command("fetch").action(async () => {
await fetchData();
});
await program.parseAsync();
```
## 錯誤處理
```ts
import { InvalidArgumentError } from "commander";
function myParseInt(value: string): number {
const n = parseInt(value, 10);
if (isNaN(n)) throw new InvalidArgumentError("Not a number");
return n;
}
```
## Hooks
```ts
program
.hook("preAction", (_, cmd) => console.log(`Running: ${cmd.name()}`))
.hook("postAction", (_, cmd) => console.log(`Done: ${cmd.name()}`));
```
## TypeScript 強型別
安裝 `@commander-js/extra-typings` 可自動推導 `opts()` 型別。
## 常用模式
| 模式 | 做法 |
|------|------|
| 顯示 help on error | `program.showHelpAfterError()` |
| Exit override | `program.exitOverride()` + try/catch |
| Choices | `new Option("--size <s>").choices(["s","m","l"])` |
| Env fallback | `new Option("--port <n>").env("PORT")` |
Ver en GitHub