| name | motion-to-avoid-lien |
| title | Motion to Avoid Lien Under 11 U.S.C. § 522(f) |
| description | Drafts a Motion to Avoid Lien under 11 U.S.C. § 522(f) for bankruptcy proceedings. Produces a litigation-ready motion with caption, impairment calculations, legal argument, and prayer for relief. Use when filing lien avoidance motions in Chapter 7, 11, or 13 cases, stripping judicial liens or nonpossessory nonpurchase-money security interests that impair debtor exemptions. |
| author | CaseMark |
| author_url | https://github.com/CaseMark/skills/tree/main/skills/legal/motion-to-avoid-lien |
| license | Apache-2.0 |
| version | 0.1.0 |
| execution_mode | open |
| jurisdiction | us |
| practice | bankruptcy |
| language | en |
Motion to Avoid Lien Under 11 U.S.C. § 522(f)
Drafts a motion to avoid a lien impairing a debtor's exemptions, with statutory analysis and impairment calculation.
Prerequisites
Gather before drafting:
- Case info — case number, chapter (7/11/13), filing date, court district/division, assigned judge
- Property — description (legal description or address), type (real/personal), current FMV, appraisals
- Lien — lienholder name, type (judicial or nonpossessory NPMSI), originating judgment/agreement, recording date, amount
- Senior encumbrances — all liens senior to challenged lien with amounts
- Exemption — specific state or federal statute, dollar amount claimed per Schedule C
- Local rules — formatting, notice periods, hearing requirements
Output Structure
1. Caption
Include: full court name with district/division, case number, chapter, debtor name (as on petition), motion title, judge (if local rules require). Format per local rules.
2. Introduction
One to two paragraphs identifying: moving party, specific lien and lienholder, property subject to lien, statutory basis (§ 522(f)(1) for judicial liens or § 522(f)(2) for nonpossessory NPMSI), and core premise of exemption impairment.
3. Factual Background
Present chronologically: filing date/chapter, property description and FMV, lien origin and attachment, claimed exemption with statute and Schedule C amount, then the impairment calculation:
Lien to be avoided: $________
+ All other liens on property: $________
+ Debtor's claimed exemption: $________
= Total: $________
- Fair market value of property: $________
= Impairment amount: $________
If Total exceeds FMV, the lien impairs the exemption per § 522(f)(2)(A).
4. Legal Argument
Judicial liens — § 522(f)(1). Establish three elements:
| Element | Standard |
|---|
| Judicial lien | Meets § 101(36) — obtained by judgment, levy, sequestration, or other legal/equitable process |
| Impairment | (Lien + all other liens + exemption) exceeds FMV per § 522(f)(2)(A) |
| Valid exemption | Debtor entitled under § 522(b) |
Nonpossessory NPMSI — § 522(f)(2). Lien must encumber: household goods/furnishings/appliances/jewelry for personal use, tools of the trade, or professionally prescribed health aids.
