witness-prep-ethics

name	witness-prep-ethics
title	Witness Preparation Ethics Boundaries
description	Evaluates witness preparation activities for ethical compliance under ABA Formal Opinion 508 and Model Rules 3.3, 3.4, 8.4. Distinguishes permissible preparation from prohibited coaching. Use when planning deposition or trial prep, reviewing proposed prep activities, or checking witness coaching ethics. Triggers: witness prep, deposition prep, coaching ethics, ABA 508, testimony preparation.
author	CaseMark
author_url	https://github.com/CaseMark/skills/tree/main/skills/legal/witness-prep-ethics
license	Apache-2.0
version	0.1.0
execution_mode	open
jurisdiction	us
practice	litigation
language	en

Witness Preparation Ethics Boundaries

Defines lawful witness preparation boundaries and compliance workflow under ABA guidance and Model Rules. Core principle: preparation is expected, but truth is the touchstone—genuine recollection must be preserved.

Prerequisites

1. Jurisdiction and governing ethics rules (state bar, local court orders).
2. Witness type and setting (fact or expert; deposition, hearing, trial).
3. Core materials: pleadings, key documents, prior statements, discovery responses.
4. Any in-court communication limits (Geders, Perry).

Authority Baseline

Source	Constraint
Model Rule 3.3	No false evidence or testimony (candor to tribunal)
Model Rule 3.4	No falsifying evidence or counseling false testimony
Model Rule 8.4	No dishonesty, fraud, deceit, misrepresentation
ABA Formal Op. 508 (2023)	Preparation expected but must preserve genuine recollection
Restatement (Third) Law Governing Lawyers §116	Preparation allowed; no coaching to fabricate or alter
Local ethics opinions	Follow stricter local rule when applicable

Permissible vs. Prohibited

Area	Permissible	Prohibited
Procedure	Explain mechanics, oath, objections, transcript	—
Documents	Review to refresh recollection	Use documents to override memory
Recollection	Ask what witness remembers; test basis and confidence	Supply facts or fill gaps
Legal relevance	Explain claims and why topics matter	Instruct how to shape testimony
Anticipated topics	Identify likely areas; practice Q&A	Provide preferred answers
Expression	Suggest clearer wording; avoid jargon	Change substance by rephrasing
Demeanor	Advise calm, listen fully, ask for clarification	—
Coordination	Prepare witnesses separately	Align stories across witnesses

Session Workflow