opengis-utils-for-net

name	opengis-utils-for-net
description	opengis-utils-for-net 是一个基于 GDAL/OGR 的 .NET GIS 工具包，提供图层读写、几何操作、双引擎架构和坐标参考系统管理等功能。
tags	["dotnet","csharp","gdal","ogr","geometry","vector","crs","cgcs2000"]

项目地址： https://github.com/znlgis/opengis-utils-for-net

NuGet 包： OpenGIS.Utils

许可证： Apache-2.0

AI-friendly reference for developing with this library. Target: .NET Standard 2.0 | Engine: GDAL/OGR

Installation

dotnet add package OpenGIS.Utils

Build & Test

dotnet build OpenGIS.Utils.sln
dotnet test tests/OpenGIS.Utils.Tests/

---

Project Structure

src/OpenGIS.Utils/
├── Configuration/        # GdalConfiguration, LibrarySettings
├── DataSource/           # OguLayerUtil (high-level I/O), GtTxtUtil (National Land Survey TXT)
├── Engine/
│   ├── Enums/            # GeometryType, FieldDataType, DataFormatType, GisEngineType, TopologyValidationErrorType
│   ├── IO/               # ILayerReader, ILayerWriter
│   ├── Model/
│   │   └── Layer/        # OguLayer, OguFeature, OguField, OguFieldValue, OguCoordinate, OguLayerMetadata
│   ├── Util/             # CrsUtil, OgrUtil, ShpUtil, PostgisUtil, GdalCmdUtil
│   ├── GdalEngine.cs     # GDAL implementation of GisEngine
│   ├── GdalReader.cs     # ILayerReader implementation
│   ├── GdalWriter.cs     # ILayerWriter implementation
│   ├── GisEngine.cs      # Abstract base class
│   └── GisEngineFactory.cs
├── Exception/            # OguException, DataSourceException, FormatParseException, etc.
├── Geometry/             # GeometryUtil (50+ static methods)
└── Utils/                # EncodingUtil, NumUtil, SortUtil, ZipUtil

---

Namespaces

Namespace	Key Classes
OpenGIS.Utils.Configuration	GdalConfiguration, LibrarySettings
OpenGIS.Utils.DataSource	OguLayerUtil, GtTxtUtil
OpenGIS.Utils.Engine	GisEngine, GisEngineFactory, GdalEngine, GdalReader, GdalWriter
OpenGIS.Utils.Engine.Enums	GeometryType, FieldDataType, DataFormatType, GisEngineType, TopologyValidationErrorType
OpenGIS.Utils.Engine.IO	ILayerReader, ILayerWriter
OpenGIS.Utils.Engine.Model	DbConnBaseModel, GdbGroupModel, TopologyValidationResult, SimpleGeometryResult
OpenGIS.Utils.Engine.Model.Layer	OguLayer, OguFeature, OguField, OguFieldValue, OguCoordinate, OguLayerMetadata
OpenGIS.Utils.Engine.Util	CrsUtil, OgrUtil, ShpUtil, PostgisUtil, GdalCmdUtil
OpenGIS.Utils.Exception	OguException, DataSourceException, FormatParseException, EngineNotSupportedException, LayerValidationException, TopologyException
OpenGIS.Utils.Geometry	GeometryUtil
OpenGIS.Utils.Utils	EncodingUtil, NumUtil, SortUtil, ZipUtil

---

Enums

GeometryType

POINT, LINESTRING, POLYGON, MULTIPOINT, MULTILINESTRING, MULTIPOLYGON, GEOMETRYCOLLECTION, UNKNOWN

FieldDataType

STRING, INTEGER, LONG, DOUBLE, FLOAT, BOOLEAN, DATE, DATETIME, BINARY, UNKNOWN

DataFormatType

SHP, GEOJSON, FILEGDB, POSTGIS, TXT, GEOPACKAGE, KML, DXF, UNKNOWN

GisEngineType

GDAL

注意： .NET 版本仅支持 GDAL 引擎，与 Java 版本不同（Java 版本同时支持 GEOTOOLS 和 GDAL）。

TopologyValidationErrorType

ERROR, REPEATED_POINT, HOLE_OUTSIDE_SHELL, NESTED_HOLES, DISCONNECTED_INTERIOR,
SELF_INTERSECTION, RING_SELF_INTERSECTION, NESTED_SHELLS, DUPLICATE_RINGS,
TOO_FEW_POINTS, INVALID_COORDINATE, RING_NOT_CLOSED

---

Core Model Classes

OguLayer

using OpenGIS.Utils.Engine.Model.Layer;
using OpenGIS.Utils.Engine.Enums;

Property	Type	Description
Name	string	Layer name
Wkid	int?	Coordinate system WKID (e.g. 4326 for WGS84)
GeometryType	GeometryType	Geometry type
Fields	IList<OguField>	Field definitions
Features	IList<OguFeature>	Feature collection
Metadata	OguLayerMetadata?	Optional metadata

Method	Returns	Description
Validate()	void	Validates layer integrity; throws LayerValidationException
Filter(Func<OguFeature, bool>)	IList<OguFeature>	Filters features by predicate
GetFeatureCount()	int	Feature count
ToJson()	string	Serializes to JSON
FromJson(string json)	OguLayer?	static — Deserializes from JSON
Clone()	OguLayer	Deep copy
GetField(string fieldName)	OguField?	Gets field by name
AddField(OguField field)	void	Adds a field definition
AddFeature(OguFeature feature)	void	Adds a feature
RemoveFeature(int fid)	bool	Removes feature by FID

OguFeature

Property	Type	Description
Fid	int	Feature ID
Wkt	string?	Geometry in WKT format
Attributes	Dictionary<string, OguFieldValue>	Attribute values

Method	Returns	Description
GetValue(string fieldName)	object?	Gets raw attribute value
SetValue(string fieldName, object? value)	void	Sets attribute value
GetAttribute(string fieldName)	OguFieldValue?	Gets field value object
HasAttribute(string fieldName)	bool	Checks if attribute exists
ToJson()	string	Serializes to JSON
FromJson(string json)	OguFeature?	static — Deserializes from JSON
Clone()	OguFeature	Deep copy

OguField

Property	Type	Description
Name	string	Field name
Alias	string?	Display alias
DataType	FieldDataType	Data type
Length	int?	String length
Precision	int?	Numeric precision
Scale	int?	Decimal places
IsNullable	bool	Whether nullable
DefaultValue	object?	Default value

Methods: ToJson(), FromJson(string), Clone()

OguFieldValue

Property	Type
Value	object?
IsNull	bool

Type-safe getters: GetStringValue(), GetIntValue(), GetLongValue(), GetDoubleValue(), GetFloatValue(), GetBoolValue(), GetDateTimeValue(), GetDecimalValue()

OguCoordinate

Property	Type	Description
X	double	X coordinate (longitude)
Y	double	Y coordinate (latitude)
Z	double?	Z coordinate (elevation, optional)
PointNumber	string?	Point number
RingNumber	string?	Ring number
Remark	string?	Remark text

Methods: ToWkt() → string, FromWkt(string wkt) → OguCoordinate (static)

OguLayerMetadata

Property	Type
DataSource	string?
CoordinateSystemName	string?
ZoneDivision	string?
ProjectionType	string?
MeasureUnit	string?
ExtendedProperties	Dictionary<string, object>
CreateTime	DateTime?
ModifyTime	DateTime?

---

Data I/O — OguLayerUtil (Recommended Entry Point)

using OpenGIS.Utils.DataSource;
using OpenGIS.Utils.Engine.Enums;

Read

OguLayer layer = OguLayerUtil.ReadLayer(
    DataFormatType.SHP,            // format
    "data/cities.shp",            // path
    layerName: null,               // optional: layer name
    attributeFilter: "POP > 1000", // optional: SQL where clause
    spatialFilterWkt: null,        // optional: WKT spatial filter
    engineType: null,              // optional: defaults to GDAL
    options: null                   // optional: driver-specific options
);

// Async version
OguLayer layer = await OguLayerUtil.ReadLayerAsync(DataFormatType.GEOJSON, "data.geojson");

Write

OguLayerUtil.WriteLayer(
    DataFormatType.GEOJSON,        // output format
    layer,                          // OguLayer
    "output/cities.geojson",       // output path
    layerName: null,               // optional
    engineType: null,              // optional
    options: null                   // optional
);

// Async version
await OguLayerUtil.WriteLayerAsync(DataFormatType.SHP, layer, "output.shp");

Format Conversion

OguLayerUtil.ConvertFormat(
    "input.shp", DataFormatType.SHP,
    "output.geojson", DataFormatType.GEOJSON
);

// Async
await OguLayerUtil.ConvertFormatAsync(
    "input.shp", DataFormatType.SHP,
    "output.gpkg", DataFormatType.GEOPACKAGE
);

Utilities

IList<string> names = OguLayerUtil.GetLayerNames(DataFormatType.FILEGDB, "data.gdb");

Supported Format ↔ Driver

DataFormatType	Driver Name	Extension
SHP	ESRI Shapefile	.shp
GEOJSON	GeoJSON	.geojson / .json
FILEGDB	FileGDB	.gdb
GEOPACKAGE	GPKG	.gpkg
KML	KML	.kml
DXF	DXF	.dxf
POSTGIS	PostGIS	(database)
TXT	Custom	.txt

---

Geometry Operations — GeometryUtil

using OpenGIS.Utils.Geometry;

All methods are public static.

Format Conversion

OgrGeometry geom = GeometryUtil.Wkt2Geometry(string wkt);
string wkt       = GeometryUtil.Geometry2Wkt(OgrGeometry geom);
string geojson   = GeometryUtil.Wkt2Geojson(string wkt);
string geojson   = GeometryUtil.Geometry2Geojson(OgrGeometry geom);

⚠️ Limitation: Geojson2Wkt(string) and Geojson2Geometry(string) throw NotSupportedException. To parse GeoJSON, load from file via GdalReader.

Spatial Relationships (OgrGeometry)

bool GeometryUtil.Intersects(OgrGeometry a, OgrGeometry b)
bool GeometryUtil.Contains(OgrGeometry a, OgrGeometry b)
bool GeometryUtil.Within(OgrGeometry a, OgrGeometry b)
bool GeometryUtil.Touches(OgrGeometry a, OgrGeometry b)
bool GeometryUtil.Crosses(OgrGeometry a, OgrGeometry b)
bool GeometryUtil.Overlaps(OgrGeometry a, OgrGeometry b)
bool GeometryUtil.Disjoint(OgrGeometry a, OgrGeometry b)

Spatial Relationships (WKT convenience)

bool GeometryUtil.IntersectsWkt(string wktA, string wktB)
bool GeometryUtil.ContainsWkt(string wktA, string wktB)

Spatial Analysis (OgrGeometry)

OgrGeometry GeometryUtil.Buffer(OgrGeometry geom, double distance)
OgrGeometry GeometryUtil.Intersection(OgrGeometry a, OgrGeometry b)
OgrGeometry GeometryUtil.Union(OgrGeometry a, OgrGeometry b)
OgrGeometry GeometryUtil.Union(IEnumerable<OgrGeometry> geometries)
OgrGeometry GeometryUtil.Difference(OgrGeometry a, OgrGeometry b)
OgrGeometry GeometryUtil.SymDifference(OgrGeometry a, OgrGeometry b)

Spatial Analysis (WKT convenience)

string GeometryUtil.BufferWkt(string wkt, double distance)
string GeometryUtil.IntersectionWkt(string wktA, string wktB)
string GeometryUtil.UnionWkt(IEnumerable<string> wktList)

Geometry Properties

double       GeometryUtil.Area(OgrGeometry geom)
double       GeometryUtil.Length(OgrGeometry geom)
OgrGeometry  GeometryUtil.Centroid(OgrGeometry geom)
OgrGeometry  GeometryUtil.InteriorPoint(OgrGeometry geom)
int          GeometryUtil.Dimension(OgrGeometry geom)
int          GeometryUtil.NumPoints(OgrGeometry geom)
GeometryType GeometryUtil.GetGeometryType(OgrGeometry geom)
bool         GeometryUtil.IsEmpty(OgrGeometry geom)

Geometry Properties (WKT convenience)

double GeometryUtil.AreaWkt(string wkt)
double GeometryUtil.LengthWkt(string wkt)
string GeometryUtil.CentroidWkt(string wkt)

Geometry Operations

OgrGeometry GeometryUtil.Boundary(OgrGeometry geom)
OgrGeometry GeometryUtil.Envelope(OgrGeometry geom)
OgrGeometry GeometryUtil.ConvexHull(OgrGeometry geom)
OgrGeometry GeometryUtil.Simplify(OgrGeometry geom, double tolerance)
OgrGeometry GeometryUtil.Densify(OgrGeometry geom, double distanceTolerance)
string      GeometryUtil.SimplifyWkt(string wkt, double tolerance)

Topology Validation

TopologyValidationResult GeometryUtil.IsValid(OgrGeometry geom)
SimpleGeometryResult     GeometryUtil.IsSimple(OgrGeometry geom)

Equality & Distance

bool   GeometryUtil.EqualsExact(OgrGeometry a, OgrGeometry b)
bool   GeometryUtil.EqualsExactTolerance(OgrGeometry a, OgrGeometry b, double tolerance)
bool   GeometryUtil.EqualsTopo(OgrGeometry a, OgrGeometry b)
double GeometryUtil.Distance(OgrGeometry a, OgrGeometry b)
bool   GeometryUtil.IsWithinDistance(OgrGeometry a, OgrGeometry b, double maxDistance)

---

Coordinate Reference Systems — CrsUtil

using OpenGIS.Utils.Engine.Util;

// Coordinate transformation
string      CrsUtil.Transform(string wkt, int sourceWkid, int targetWkid)
OgrGeometry CrsUtil.Transform(OgrGeometry geometry, int sourceWkid, int targetWkid)

// CGCS2000 zone calculations
int  CrsUtil.GetDh(OgrGeometry geometry)   // 3-degree zone from centroid
int  CrsUtil.GetDh(double longitude)       // 3-degree zone from longitude
int  CrsUtil.GetDh6(double longitude)      // 6-degree zone from longitude
int  CrsUtil.GetDhFromWkid(int projectedWkid) // Zone from WKID

// CGCS2000 projected WKID lookup
int  CrsUtil.GetProjectedWkid(int zoneNumber)  // 3-degree zone → WKID
int  CrsUtil.GetProjectedWkid6(int zoneNumber) // 6-degree zone → WKID

// Properties
double CrsUtil.GetTolerance(int wkid)       // Recommended tolerance
bool   CrsUtil.IsProjectedCRS(int wkid)     // Is projected CRS?

---

Shapefile Utilities — ShpUtil

using OpenGIS.Utils.Engine.Util;

OguLayer  ShpUtil.ReadShapefile(string shpPath, Encoding? encoding = null)
void      ShpUtil.WriteShapefile(OguLayer layer, string shpPath, Encoding? encoding = null)
Encoding  ShpUtil.GetShapefileEncoding(string shpPath)
void      ShpUtil.CreateCpgFile(string shpPath, Encoding encoding)
Envelope? ShpUtil.GetShapefileBounds(string shpPath)
void      ShpUtil.RepairShapefile(string shpPath)

---

PostGIS Utilities — PostgisUtil

using OpenGIS.Utils.Engine.Util;

OguLayer PostgisUtil.ReadPostGIS(string connectionString, string tableName, string? filter = null)
void     PostgisUtil.WritePostGIS(OguLayer layer, string connectionString, string tableName)
bool     PostgisUtil.TableExists(string connectionString, string tableName)
void     PostgisUtil.CreateSpatialIndex(string connectionString, string tableName, string geomColumn = "geom")

---

National Land Survey TXT Format — GtTxtUtil

using OpenGIS.Utils.DataSource;

OguLayer      GtTxtUtil.LoadTxt(string txtPath, Encoding? encoding = null)
void          GtTxtUtil.SaveTxt(OguLayer layer, string txtPath, OguLayerMetadata? metadata = null, Encoding? encoding = null, int? zoneNumber = null)
OguCoordinate? GtTxtUtil.ParseTxtLine(string line)
string        GtTxtUtil.FormatTxtLine(OguCoordinate coordinate, int zoneNumber)

---

GDAL Configuration

using OpenGIS.Utils.Configuration;

GdalConfiguration.ConfigureGdal()            // Auto-called, thread-safe
GdalConfiguration.RegisterAllDrivers()
string       GdalConfiguration.GetGdalVersion()
IList<string> GdalConfiguration.GetSupportedDrivers()
bool         GdalConfiguration.IsDriverAvailable(string driverName)

LibrarySettings (Global Defaults)

Property	Type	Default	Description
DefaultTolerance	double	0.0001	Default geometry tolerance
AutoCreateSpatialIndex	bool	true	Auto-create spatial index
SpatialIndexThreshold	int	1000	Feature count threshold for index
DefaultBufferSegments	int	8	Buffer curve segments
UseGdalExceptions	bool	true	GDAL exception mode

---

Engine Architecture

using OpenGIS.Utils.Engine;

// Abstract base
public abstract class GisEngine
{
    public abstract GisEngineType EngineType { get; }
    public abstract IList<DataFormatType> SupportedFormats { get; }
    public abstract ILayerReader CreateReader();
    public abstract ILayerWriter CreateWriter();
    public virtual bool SupportsFormat(DataFormatType format);
}

// Factory
GisEngine engine = GisEngineFactory.GetEngine(GisEngineType.GDAL);
GisEngine engine = GisEngineFactory.GetEngine(DataFormatType.SHP);
bool ok = GisEngineFactory.TryGetEngine(DataFormatType.GEOJSON, out GisEngine? engine);

ILayerReader / ILayerWriter

public interface ILayerReader
{
    OguLayer Read(string path, string? layerName = null, string? attributeFilter = null,
        string? spatialFilterWkt = null, Dictionary<string, object>? options = null);
    IList<string> GetLayerNames(string path);
}

public interface ILayerWriter
{
    void Write(OguLayer layer, string path, string? layerName = null,
        Dictionary<string, object>? options = null);
    void Append(OguLayer layer, string path, string? layerName = null,
        Dictionary<string, object>? options = null);
}

---

General Utilities

EncodingUtil

using OpenGIS.Utils.Utils;

Encoding EncodingUtil.GetFileEncoding(string filePath)
Encoding EncodingUtil.GetFileEncoding(Stream stream)
Encoding EncodingUtil.DetectEncoding(byte[] buffer)
Encoding EncodingUtil.DetectEncoding(byte[] buffer, int length)
void     EncodingUtil.ConvertFileEncoding(string filePath, Encoding targetEncoding)

ZipUtil

void ZipUtil.Zip(string folderPath, string zipPath)
void ZipUtil.Zip(string folderPath, string zipPath, Encoding encoding)
void ZipUtil.Unzip(string zipPath, string destPath)
void ZipUtil.Unzip(string zipPath, string destPath, Encoding encoding)
void ZipUtil.CompressFiles(IEnumerable<string> filePaths, string zipPath)

SortUtil

int SortUtil.CompareString(string a, string b)  // Natural sort comparison
IOrderedEnumerable<T> SortUtil.NaturalSort<T>(IEnumerable<T> source, Func<T, string> keySelector)

NumUtil

string NumUtil.GetPlainString(double number)   // No scientific notation
string NumUtil.GetPlainString(decimal number)
double NumUtil.Round(double value, int decimals)
string NumUtil.FormatNumber(double value, int decimals)

---

Exception Hierarchy

System.Exception
└── OguException (ErrorCode, Context)
    ├── DataSourceException        — Data source access errors
    ├── EngineNotSupportedException — Unsupported engine type
    ├── FormatParseException       — Format parsing errors
    ├── LayerValidationException   — Layer validation failures
    └── TopologyException          — Topology validation/operation errors

---

Result Models

TopologyValidationResult

Property	Type
IsValid	bool
ErrorType	TopologyValidationErrorType?
ErrorMessage	string?
ErrorLocation	string? (WKT)

SimpleGeometryResult

Property	Type
IsSimple	bool
Reason	string?
NonSimpleLocation	string? (WKT)

DbConnBaseModel

Properties: Host, Port, Database, Username, Password, Schema, ConnectionString (all nullable)

GdbGroupModel

Properties: GdbPath (string?), LayerNames (List<string>)

---

Common Code Patterns

Create a Layer from Scratch

using OpenGIS.Utils.Engine.Model.Layer;
using OpenGIS.Utils.Engine.Enums;

var layer = new OguLayer
{
    Name = "cities",
    GeometryType = GeometryType.POINT,
    Wkid = 4326
};

layer.AddField(new OguField { Name = "ID", DataType = FieldDataType.INTEGER });
layer.AddField(new OguField { Name = "Name", DataType = FieldDataType.STRING, Length = 100 });
layer.AddField(new OguField { Name = "Population", DataType = FieldDataType.LONG });

var feature = new OguFeature { Fid = 1, Wkt = "POINT (116.404 39.915)" };
feature.SetValue("ID", 1);
feature.SetValue("Name", "Beijing");
feature.SetValue("Population", 21540000L);
layer.AddFeature(feature);

layer.Validate();

Read → Process → Write

using OpenGIS.Utils.DataSource;
using OpenGIS.Utils.Engine.Enums;
using OpenGIS.Utils.Geometry;

var layer = OguLayerUtil.ReadLayer(DataFormatType.SHP, "input.shp");

// Filter features
var largeCities = layer.Filter(f =>
{
    var pop = f.GetAttribute("Population")?.GetLongValue();
    return pop.HasValue && pop.Value > 1000000;
});

// Buffer each geometry
foreach (var feature in layer.Features)
{
    if (feature.Wkt != null)
    {
        feature.Wkt = GeometryUtil.BufferWkt(feature.Wkt, 0.01);
    }
}

OguLayerUtil.WriteLayer(DataFormatType.GEOJSON, layer, "output.geojson");

Coordinate Transformation

using OpenGIS.Utils.Engine.Util;

string wktWgs84 = "POINT (116.404 39.915)";
string wktCgcs2000 = CrsUtil.Transform(wktWgs84, 4326, 4490);

int zone = CrsUtil.GetDh(116.404);           // 3-degree zone number
int wkid = CrsUtil.GetProjectedWkid(zone);   // Projected WKID
string projected = CrsUtil.Transform(wktWgs84, 4326, wkid);

Geometry Analysis

using OpenGIS.Utils.Geometry;

string polygon = "POLYGON ((0 0, 10 0, 10 10, 0 10, 0 0))";
string point = "POINT (5 5)";

bool contains = GeometryUtil.ContainsWkt(polygon, point);   // true
double area   = GeometryUtil.AreaWkt(polygon);               // 100.0
string center = GeometryUtil.CentroidWkt(polygon);           // "POINT (5 5)"
string buffer = GeometryUtil.BufferWkt(point, 1.0);          // Buffered polygon WKT

Format Conversion (One Line)

OguLayerUtil.ConvertFormat("input.shp", DataFormatType.SHP, "output.gpkg", DataFormatType.GEOPACKAGE);

JSON Serialization

string json = layer.ToJson();
OguLayer? restored = OguLayer.FromJson(json);

Shapefile with Encoding

using OpenGIS.Utils.Engine.Util;
using System.Text;

var layer = ShpUtil.ReadShapefile("data.shp", Encoding.GetEncoding("GBK"));
ShpUtil.WriteShapefile(layer, "output.shp", Encoding.UTF8);

Natural Sorting

using OpenGIS.Utils.Utils;

var files = new[] { "file1.txt", "file10.txt", "file2.txt" };
var sorted = SortUtil.NaturalSort(files, f => f);
// Result: file1.txt, file2.txt, file10.txt

---

AI 使用建议

推荐工作流

1. 读取数据：使用 OguLayerUtil.ReadLayer() 统一入口读取各类矢量格式
2. 几何运算：使用 GeometryUtil.Wkt2Geometry() 转换后操作，或直接用 *Wkt 后缀方法
3. 坐标转换：使用 CrsUtil.Transform() 进行坐标系变换（CGCS2000 系列）
4. 写出结果：使用 OguLayerUtil.WriteLayer() 写出为目标格式
5. 格式转换：使用 OguLayerUtil.ConvertFormat() 一步完成

关键注意事项

• GDAL 自动初始化：无需手动调用 GdalConfiguration.ConfigureGdal()
• GeoJSON 字符串解析不支持：Geojson2Wkt() 和 Geojson2Geometry() 抛出 NotSupportedException，需从文件加载
• 几何以 WKT 存储：OguFeature.Wkt 存储 WKT 字符串；多数 GeometryUtil 方法有 *Wkt 变体
• .NET 仅支持 GDAL 引擎：与 Java 版本不同，无 GeoTools 引擎
• 线程安全：GDAL 初始化线程安全，但单个 GDAL 几何对象非线程安全

相关技能

• nettopologysuite — .NET 几何计算核心：../nettopologysuite/SKILL.md
• geometry-api-net — Esri Geometry API for .NET：../geometry-api-net/SKILL.md
• gdal — 命令行数据处理：../gdal/SKILL.md
• gdal-api — GDAL 编程 API：../gdal-api/SKILL.md

Important Notes

1. GDAL auto-initializes — No manual GdalConfiguration.ConfigureGdal() call needed.
2. GeoJSON string parsing not supported — Geojson2Wkt() and Geojson2Geometry() throw NotSupportedException. Load GeoJSON from files via GdalReader or OguLayerUtil.ReadLayer(DataFormatType.GEOJSON, path).
3. Geometry uses WKT strings — OguFeature.Wkt stores geometry as WKT. Use GeometryUtil for conversions and operations.
4. Thread safety — GDAL initialization is thread-safe. Individual GDAL geometry objects are NOT thread-safe.
5. Cross-platform — .NET Standard 2.0: works on .NET Core 2.0+, .NET 5+, .NET Framework 4.6.1+.
6. Encoding support — EncodingUtil detects UTF-8, UTF-16 LE/BE, GBK, GB2312. Register CodePages with Encoding.RegisterProvider(CodePagesEncodingProvider.Instance) if needed.
7. WKT convenience methods — Most GeometryUtil methods have *Wkt variants that accept/return WKT strings directly, avoiding the need to manage OgrGeometry objects.