Build a structured PRD that connects problem, users, solution, and success criteria. Use when turning discovery notes into an engineering-ready document for a major initiative.
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Build a structured PRD that connects problem, users, solution, and success criteria. Use when turning discovery notes into an engineering-ready document for a major initiative.
intent
Guide product managers through structured PRD (Product Requirements Document) creation by orchestrating problem framing, user research synthesis, solution definition, and success criteria into a cohesive document. Use this to move from scattered notes and Slack threads to a clear, comprehensive PRD that aligns stakeholders, provides engineering context, and serves as a source of truth—avoiding ambiguity, scope creep, and the "build what's in my head" trap.
type
workflow
theme
pm-artifacts
best_for
["Writing a complete PRD from scratch","Structuring product requirements for an engineering handoff","Documenting a major new feature before development begins"]
scenarios
["I need a PRD for a new AI-powered recommendation feature in our e-commerce platform","I've completed a discovery sprint and need to turn the findings into a PRD my engineers can act on"]
estimated_time
60-120 min
Purpose
Guide product managers through structured PRD (Product Requirements Document) creation by orchestrating problem framing, user research synthesis, solution definition, and success criteria into a cohesive document. Use this to move from scattered notes and Slack threads to a clear, comprehensive PRD that aligns stakeholders, provides engineering context, and serves as a source of truth—avoiding ambiguity, scope creep, and the "build what's in my head" trap.
This is not a waterfall spec—it's a living document that captures strategic context, customer problems, proposed solutions, and success criteria, evolving as you learn through delivery.
Key Concepts
What is a PRD?
A PRD (Product Requirements Document) is a structured document that answers:
What problem are we solving? (Problem statement)
For whom? (Target users/personas)
Why now? (Strategic context, business case)
What are we building? (Solution overview)
How will we measure success? (Metrics, success criteria)
What are the requirements? (User stories, acceptance criteria, constraints)
What are we NOT building? (Out of scope)
PRD Structure (Standard Template)
# [Feature/Product Name] PRD## 1. Executive Summary- One-paragraph overview (problem + solution + impact)
## 2. Problem Statement- Who has this problem?
- What is the problem?
- Why is it painful?
- Evidence (customer quotes, data, research)
## 3. Target Users & Personas- Primary persona(s)
- Secondary persona(s)
- Jobs-to-be-done
## 4. Strategic Context- Business goals (OKRs)
- Market opportunity (TAM/SAM/SOM)
- Competitive landscape
- Why now?
## 5. Solution Overview- High-level description
- User flows or wireframes
Key features
Primary metric (what we're optimizing for)
Secondary metrics
Targets (current → goal)
Epic hypothesis
User stories with acceptance criteria
Edge cases, constraints
What we're NOT building (and why)
Technical dependencies
External dependencies (integrations, partnerships)
Risks and mitigations
Unresolved decisions
Areas requiring discovery
-
## 6. Success Metrics
-
-
-
## 7. User Stories & Requirements
-
-
-
## 8. Out of Scope
-
## 9. Dependencies & Risks
-
-
-
## 10. Open Questions
-
-
Why This Works
Alignment: Ensures everyone (PM, design, eng, stakeholders) understands the "why"
Context preservation: Captures research and strategic rationale for future reference
Decision log: Documents what's in scope, out of scope, and why
Execution clarity: Provides engineering with user stories and acceptance criteria
Anti-Patterns (What This Is NOT)
Not a detailed spec: PRDs frame the problem and solution; they don't specify UI pixel-by-pixel
Not waterfall: PRDs evolve as you learn; they're not frozen contracts
Not a substitute for collaboration: PRDs complement conversation, not replace it
When to Use This
Starting a major feature or product initiative
Aligning cross-functional teams on scope and requirements
Documenting decisions for future reference
Onboarding new team members to a project
When NOT to Use This
For small bug fixes or trivial features (overkill)
When problem and solution are already clear and aligned (just write user stories)
For continuous discovery experiments (use Lean UX Canvas instead)
Facilitation Source of Truth
When running this workflow as a guided conversation, use workshop-facilitation as the interaction protocol.
It defines:
session heads-up + entry mode (Guided, Context dump, Best guess)
one-question turns with plain-language prompts
progress labels (for example, Context Qx/8 and Scoring Qx/5)
interruption handling and pause/resume behavior
numbered recommendations at decision points
quick-select numbered response options for regular questions (include Other (specify) when useful)
This file defines the workflow sequence and domain-specific outputs. If there is a conflict, follow this file's workflow logic.
Application
Use template.md for the full fill-in structure.
This workflow orchestrates 8 phases over 2-4 days, using multiple component and interactive skills.
Phase 1: Executive Summary (30 minutes)
Goal: Write a one-paragraph overview for skimmers.
Activities
1. Draft Executive Summary
Format: "We're building [solution] for [persona] to solve [problem], which will result in [impact]."
Example:
"We're building a guided onboarding checklist for non-technical small business owners to solve the problem of 60% drop-off in the first 24 hours due to lack of guidance, which will increase activation rate from 40% to 60% and reduce churn by 10%."
Participants: PM
Duration: 30 minutes
Output: One-paragraph summary
Tip: Write this first (forces clarity), but refine it last (after other sections are complete).
Phase 2: Problem Statement (60 minutes)
Goal: Frame the customer problem with evidence.
Activities
1. Write Problem Statement
Use:skills/problem-statement/SKILL.md (component)
Input: Discovery insights from skills/discovery-process/SKILL.md or skills/problem-framing-canvas/SKILL.md
Participants: PM
Duration: 30 minutes
Output: Structured problem statement
Example Problem Statement:
## 2. Problem Statement### Who has this problem?
Non-technical small business owners (solopreneurs, 1-10 employees) who sign up for our SaaS product.
### What is the problem?
60% of users abandon onboarding within the first 24 hours because they don't know what to do first. They see an empty dashboard with no guidance, get overwhelmed by options, and leave.
### Why is it painful?-**User impact:** Wastes time (30-60 min trying to figure out product), never reaches "aha moment," churns before experiencing value
-**Business impact:** 60% activation rate → high churn, low LTV, poor word-of-mouth
### Evidence-**Interviews:** 8/10 churned users said "I didn't know what to do first" (discovery interviews, Feb 2026)
-**Analytics:** 60% of signups complete 0 actions within 24 hours (Mixpanel, Jan 2026)
-**Support tickets:** "How do I get started?" is #1 support question (350 tickets/month)
-**Customer quote:** "I logged in, saw an empty dashboard, and thought 'now what?' I gave up and went back to my spreadsheet."
2. Add Supporting Context (Optional)
Customer journey map: If problem spans multiple touchpoints
Format: Include persona name, role, goals, pain points, behaviors
Example:
## 3. Target Users & Personas### Primary Persona: Solo Entrepreneur Sam-**Role:** Freelance consultant, solopreneur
-**Company size:** 1 person (no IT support)
-**Tech savviness:** Low (uses email, spreadsheets, basic SaaS)
-**Goals:** Get value from software fast without technical expertise
-**Pain points:** Overwhelmed by complex UIs, no time to watch tutorials, needs immediate value
-**Current behavior:** Signs up for products, tries for 1 day, churns if not immediately useful
### Secondary Persona: Small Business Owner (5-10 employees)-**Role:** Owner-operator, manages team
-**Needs:** Onboard team members quickly
-**Differs from primary:** More tolerant of complexity, willing to invest setup time
Outputs from Phase 3
Primary persona: Detailed profile
Secondary personas: (if applicable)
Phase 4: Strategic Context (45 minutes)
Goal: Explain why this matters to the business and why now.
Activities
1. Document Business Goals
Source: Company OKRs, strategic memos, roadmap
Format: Link feature to business outcomes
Example:
"This initiative supports our Q1 OKR: Reduce churn from 15% to 8%. Improving onboarding activation directly impacts retention."
When: For major initiatives, new products, exec presentations
Example:
"TAM: 50M small businesses globally. SAM: 5M using SaaS tools. SOM: 500K solopreneurs in our target segments. Improving onboarding could unlock 30% of SAM (1.5M potential customers)."
3. Document Competitive Landscape (Optional)
Source: Competitor research, G2/Capterra reviews
Example:
"Competitors (Competitor A, B) have guided onboarding. Our lack of guidance is cited as a churn reason in exit surveys."
4. Explain "Why Now?"
Rationale: Why prioritize this now vs. later?
Example:
"Churn spiked 15% in Q4. Onboarding is the #1 driver (60% churn in first 30 days). Fixing this is critical to hitting retention OKR."
Outputs from Phase 4
Business goals: OKRs or strategic initiatives
Market opportunity: TAM/SAM/SOM (if applicable)
Competitive context: How competitors address this
Why now: Urgency rationale
Phase 5: Solution Overview (60 minutes)
Goal: Describe what you're building (high-level, not detailed spec).
Activities
1. Write Solution Description
Format: High-level overview, 2-3 paragraphs
Example:
## 5. Solution Overview
We're building a **guided onboarding checklist** that walks new users through core workflows step-by-step when they first log in.
**How it works:**1. User signs up and logs in for the first time
2. Modal appears: "Let's get you set up! Complete these 3 steps to get started."
3. Checklist shows:
- ☐ Create your first project
- ☐ Invite a teammate (optional)
- ☐ Complete a sample task
4. As user completes each step, checklist updates with checkmarks
5. After completion, celebration modal: "You're all set! Here's what to do next."
**Key features:**- Minimal: Only 3 core steps (not overwhelming)
- Dismissible: Users can skip if they prefer to explore
- Progress tracking: Visual progress bar (1/3, 2/3, 3/3)
- Celebration: Positive reinforcement when complete
2. Add User Flows or Wireframes (Optional)
Use: Design tools (Figma, Sketch), or hand-drawn sketches
When: For complex features requiring visual explanation
When: For complex features with multiple release slices
Output: Link to story map
Outputs from Phase 5
Solution description: High-level overview
User flows/wireframes: (if applicable)
Story map: (if applicable)
Phase 6: Success Metrics (30 minutes)
Goal: Define how you'll measure success.
Activities
1. Define Primary Metric
Question: What is the ONE metric this feature must move?
Example: "Activation rate (% of users completing first action within 24 hours)"
Target: "Increase from 40% to 60%"
2. Define Secondary Metrics
Question: What else should we monitor (but not optimize for)?
Examples:
Time-to-first-action (reduce from 3 days to 1 day)
Completion rate of onboarding checklist (target: 80%)
Support ticket volume (reduce "How do I get started?" tickets by 50%)
3. Define Guardrail Metrics
Question: What should NOT get worse?
Example: "Sign-up conversion rate (don't add friction to signup flow)"
Example:
## 6. Success Metrics### Primary Metric**Activation rate** (% of users completing first action within 24 hours)
-**Current:** 40%
-**Target:** 60%
-**Timeline:** Measure 30 days after launch
### Secondary Metrics-**Time-to-first-action:** Reduce from 3 days to 1 day
-**Onboarding checklist completion rate:** 80% of users complete all 3 steps
-**Support tickets:** Reduce "How do I get started?" tickets from 350/month to 175/month
### Guardrail Metrics-**Sign-up conversion rate:** Maintain at 10% (don't add friction to signup)
Outputs from Phase 6
Primary metric: What you're optimizing for
Secondary metrics: Additional success indicators
Guardrail metrics: What shouldn't regress
Phase 7: User Stories & Requirements (90-120 minutes)
Goal: Break solution into user stories with acceptance criteria.
Activities
1. Write Epic Hypothesis
Use:skills/epic-hypothesis/SKILL.md (component)
Participants: PM
Duration: 30 minutes
Output: Epic hypothesis statement
Example:
"We believe that adding a guided onboarding checklist for non-technical users will increase activation rate from 40% to 60% because users currently drop off due to lack of guidance. We'll measure success by activation rate 30 days post-launch."
2. Break Down Epic into User Stories
Use:skills/epic-breakdown-advisor/SKILL.md (interactive - with Richard Lawrence's 9 patterns)
Participants: PM, design, engineering
Duration: 90 minutes
Output: User stories split by patterns (workflow, CRUD, business rules, etc.)
3. Write User Stories
Use:skills/user-story/SKILL.md (component)
Participants: PM
Duration: 30 minutes per story
Format: User story + acceptance criteria
Example User Stories:
## 7. User Stories & Requirements### Epic Hypothesis
We believe that adding a guided onboarding checklist for non-technical users will increase activation rate from 40% to 60% because users currently drop off due to lack of guidance.
### User Stories**Story 1: Display onboarding checklist on first login**
As a new user, I want to see a guided checklist when I first log in, so I know what to do first.
**Acceptance Criteria:**- [ ] When user logs in for the first time, modal appears with checklist
- [ ] Checklist shows 3 steps: "Create project," "Invite teammate," "Complete task"
- [ ] Modal is dismissible (close button)
- [ ] If dismissed, checklist doesn't reappear (user preference saved)
**Story 2: Track checklist progress**
As a new user, I want to see my progress as I complete checklist steps, so I feel a sense of accomplishment.
**Acceptance Criteria:**- [ ] When user completes step 1, checkmark appears next to "Create project"
- [ ] Progress bar updates (1/3 → 2/3 → 3/3)
- [ ] Checklist persists across sessions (if user logs out and back in)
**Story 3: Celebrate checklist completion**
As a new user, I want to receive positive feedback when I complete the checklist, so I feel confident using the product.
**Acceptance Criteria:**- [ ] When user completes all 3 steps, celebration modal appears
- [ ] Message: "You're all set! Here's what to do next: [suggested next actions]"
- [ ] Confetti animation (optional, nice-to-have)
4. Document Constraints & Edge Cases
Technical constraints: Platform limitations, browser support, etc.
Edge cases: What if user skips step 2? What if they complete steps out of order?
Outputs from Phase 7
Epic hypothesis: Testable statement
User stories: 3-10 stories with acceptance criteria
Constraints: Technical limitations, edge cases
Phase 8: Out of Scope & Dependencies (30 minutes)
Goal: Define what you're NOT building and what you depend on.
Activities
1. Document Out of Scope
Format: List features/requests explicitly excluded
Rationale: Why not building now?
Example:
## 8. Out of Scope**Not included in this release:**-**Advanced onboarding personalization** (e.g., different checklists per persona) — Adds complexity, test simple version first
-**Video tutorials embedded in checklist** — Resource-intensive, validate checklist concept first
-**Gamification (badges, points)** — Nice-to-have, focus on core workflow guidance
**Future consideration:**- Mobile-optimized onboarding (desktop-first for now)
2. Document Dependencies
Technical dependencies: Platform upgrades, API changes required
Team dependencies: Design handoff, data pipeline work
Example:
## 9. Dependencies & Risks### Dependencies-**Design:** Wireframes for checklist UI (ETA: Week 1)
-**Engineering:** No technical dependencies (uses existing modals framework)
### Risks & Mitigations-**Risk:** Users dismiss checklist immediately, never see it
-**Mitigation:** Track dismissal rate; if >50%, iterate on messaging or timing
-**Risk:** Checklist steps are too generic, don't resonate with all personas
-**Mitigation:** Start with primary persona (Solo Entrepreneur Sam), personalize later
3. Document Open Questions
Unresolved decisions: Areas requiring discovery or discussion
Example:
## 10. Open Questions- Should checklist be mandatory or optional? (Decision: Optional, dismissible)
- Should we A/B test checklist vs. no checklist? (Decision: Yes, show to 50% of new users)
- What happens if user completes steps out of order? (Decision: Allow any order, update checklist dynamically)
