Perform comprehensive cloud asset inventory and relationship mapping using Cartography to build a Neo4j security graph of infrastructure assets, IAM permissions, and attack paths across AWS, GCP, and Azure. Use when performing comprehensive cloud asset inventory and relationship mapping using cartography.
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Perform comprehensive cloud asset inventory and relationship mapping using Cartography to build a Neo4j security graph of infrastructure assets, IAM permissions, and attack paths across AWS, GCP, and Azure. Use when performing comprehensive cloud asset inventory and relationship mapping using cartography.
Cartography is a CNCF sandbox project (originally created at Lyft) that consolidates infrastructure assets and their relationships into a Neo4j graph database. It queries cloud APIs to discover resources, maps relationships between them, and enables security teams to identify attack paths, generate asset reports, and find areas for security improvement. The graph model reveals hidden connections such as IAM permission chains, network paths, and cross-account trust relationships.
When to Use
Trigger phrases:
"performing cloud asset inventory with cartography"
"Perform comprehensive cloud asset inventory and relationship mapping using Carto"
When conducting security assessments that involve performing cloud asset inventory with cartography
When following incident response procedures for related security events
When performing scheduled security testing or auditing activities
When validating security controls through hands-on testing
Prerequisites
Python 3.8+
Neo4j 4.x or 5.x database
Cloud provider credentials (AWS, GCP, Azure)
Docker (optional, for Neo4j deployment)
Minimum 4GB RAM for Neo4j, more for large environments
This section covers security-focused cypher queries for performing cloud asset inventory with cartography.
Ensure all prerequisites are met before proceeding
Follow the documented workflow steps in sequence
Record results and any anomalies encountered during this phase
Find all S3 buckets with public access
MATCH (b:S3Bucket)
WHERE b.anonymous_access = true
OR b.anonymous_actions IS NOT NULL
RETURN b.name, b.anonymous_actions, b.region, b.arn
ORDER BY b.name
Identify IAM users with admin policies
MATCH (user:AWSUser)-[:POLICY]->(policy:AWSPolicy)
WHERE policy.name = 'AdministratorAccess'
OR policy.arn CONTAINS 'AdministratorAccess'
RETURN user.name, user.arn, policy.name, user.password_last_used
Find EC2 instances exposed to internet
MATCH (instance:EC2Instance)-[:MEMBER_OF_EC2_SECURITY_GROUP]->(sg:EC2SecurityGroup)
-[:MEMBER_OF_EC2_SECURITY_GROUP_RULE]->(rule:IpRule)
WHERE rule.fromport <= 22 AND rule.toport >= 22
AND rule.protocol IN ['tcp', '-1']
AND '0.0.0.0/0' IN rule.ipranges
RETURN instance.instanceid, instance.publicipaddress, sg.groupid, sg.name
Discover cross-account trust relationships
MATCH (role:AWSRole)-[:TRUSTS_AWS_PRINCIPAL]->(principal:AWSPrincipal)
WHERE principal.arn CONTAINS ':root'
AND NOT principal.arn CONTAINS role.accountid
RETURN role.arn, role.name, principal.arn AS trusted_account
ORDER BY role.name
Find attack path from public EC2 to sensitive S3
MATCH path = (instance:EC2Instance)-[:STS_ASSUME_ROLE_ALLOWS|MEMBER_OF_EC2_SECURITY_GROUP|
POLICY|INSTANCE_PROFILE*1..5]->(bucket:S3Bucket)
WHERE instance.publicipaddress IS NOT NULL
AND bucket.name CONTAINS 'sensitive'
RETURN path
LIMIT 25
Identify unused IAM roles
MATCH (role:AWSRole)
WHERE role.last_used IS NULL
OR role.last_used < datetime().epochMillis - (90 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000)
RETURN role.name, role.arn, role.last_used
ORDER BY role.last_used
Find Lambda functions with overprivileged roles
MATCH (func:AWSLambda)-[:STS_ASSUME_ROLE_ALLOWS]->(role:AWSRole)-[:POLICY]->(policy:AWSPolicy)
WHERE policy.name = 'AdministratorAccess'
RETURN func.name, func.arn, role.name, policy.name
Network path analysis
MATCH (vpc:AWSVpc)-[:RESOURCE]->(subnet:EC2Subnet)-[:MEMBER_OF_SUBNET]->(instance:EC2Instance)
WHERE instance.publicipaddress IS NOT NULL
RETURN vpc.id, subnet.subnetid, subnet.cidr_block, instance.instanceid,
instance.publicipaddress, instance.state
Scheduling Regular Syncs
This section covers scheduling regular syncs for performing cloud asset inventory with cartography.
Ensure all prerequisites are met before proceeding
Follow the documented workflow steps in sequence
Record results and any anomalies encountered during this phase
