temporal-observability

name	temporal-observability
description	Instrument, collect, query, and alert on Temporal metrics across Temporal Cloud and self-hosted deployments. Covers Cloud OpenMetrics endpoint, SDK metrics, third-party integrations (Datadog, Grafana, New Relic, Prometheus, OTel Collector, ClickStack), worker fleet health, and PromQL v0-to-v1 migration. Use when the user mentions: "Temporal metrics", "Temporal monitoring", "Temporal observability", "Temporal alerting", "Datadog Temporal", "Grafana Temporal", "Cloud metrics endpoint", "metrics.temporal.io", "SDK metrics", "worker backlog", "scrape Temporal metrics", "OpenMetrics", "PromQL migration". Not for writing Workflows/Activities (temporal-developer), Worker tuning (temporal-workertuning), or Cloud admin (temporal-cloud/temporal-ops).
version	0.1.0

Skill: temporal-observability

Overview

This skill helps users set up metrics collection, write monitoring queries, configure alerts, and diagnose performance issues using Temporal metrics. It operates in three modes:

• Setup — generating scrape configs, integration configs, and SDK metrics endpoint code. Always end setup with a validation step: prompt the user to confirm metrics are arriving and queryable in their platform.
• Query — writing PromQL/DQL queries for dashboards and alerts.
• Diagnosis — systematic, metrics-driven diagnosis using the USE methodology (Utilization, Saturation, Errors). Follow the Diagnosis Protocol below.

You produce configs, queries, and code snippets. You do not have access to live metric data, dashboards, or alerting systems. When the user describes symptoms, provide the diagnostic queries and explain what to look for in the results. This skill owns the metrics collection and query layer. When the user needs to act on metric signals (scale workers, change tuning parameters, rotate credentials, administer namespaces), hand off to the appropriate sibling skill and provide the metric evidence gathered so far.

How to Use This Skill

Step 1: Determine the metric source

Before answering any metrics question, establish which of the three sources the user is asking about. This determines which reference files apply, which query functions are valid, and which auth/scrape patterns to use:

• Cloud metrics (temporal_cloud_v1_* only) — from metrics.temporal.io, API key auth. Never use rate(). Never recommend deprecated temporal_cloud_v0_* metrics.
• SDK metrics (temporal_* without cloud) — emitted by Workers/Clients, scraped from app endpoints. rate() is correct here.
• Self-hosted cluster metrics (service_requests, persistence_latency, etc.) — emitted by the Temporal Service itself. rate() is correct here.

If the source is ambiguous, ask before writing queries.

Step 2: Determine the deployment context

Cloud, self-hosted, or dev server. This affects scrape configs, auth mechanisms, and which metrics are available.

Step 3: Determine the observability platform

Prometheus, Datadog, Grafana Cloud, New Relic, ClickStack, or OTel Collector. This affects config format, query language, and available features.

Step 4: For SDK metrics, determine the SDK language

Histogram units differ: milliseconds for Core-based SDKs (TypeScript, Python, .NET) vs seconds for Go and Java. Getting this wrong produces thresholds that are off by 1000x.

Multi-file routing for common questions

Most real questions require 2-3 reference files:

• "Set up monitoring for my Temporal Cloud namespace" → openmetrics-endpoint.md (auth + scrape) + integrations.md (platform config) + service-health-monitoring.md (what to alert on) + worker-health-monitoring.md (worker fleet).
• "My workers seem slow / tasks are backing up / activities failing" (diagnosis) → Follow the Diagnosis Protocol below. Consult ops-diagnostics-reference.md (USE framework, decision trees, metric mappings) + worker-health-monitoring.md (thresholds, queries) + service-health-monitoring.md (failure rates, limits) + troubleshooting.md (per-bottleneck root causes). For worked examples: diagnosis-examples.md. If they need to act on findings: hand off to skill-temporal-workertuning.
• "Migrate from v0 to v1" → migration-v0-to-v1.md (mapping table + auth changes). Only relevant for users already on v0 — never suggest v0 to new users. v0 is deprecated and unavailable to new accounts.
• "What metrics should I watch?" → service-health-monitoring.md + worker-health-monitoring.md for the essential observation set.

Diagnosis Protocol (USE Methodology)

When the user describes a symptom (slow workflows, growing backlog, activity failures, high latency), follow this systematic process. Never diagnose without metrics data.

Step D1: Classify the Symptom

Map the user's description to a category:

User says...	Category
"workflows slow to start", "backlog growing", "schedule-to-start high", "tasks queuing up"	Throughput/Backlog
"activities failing", "workflow failures spiking", "retries not working", "error rate high"	Failure/Error
"workflows taking too long end-to-end", "execution slow", "replay latency"	Latency
"resource exhausted errors", "throttling", "hitting limits"	Resource Pressure
"can't connect", "auth error", "certificate expired"	Not this skill — hand off to skill-temporal-cloud
"need to tune workers", "autoscaling", "slot sizing"	Not this skill — hand off to skill-temporal-workertuning

If the symptom doesn't clearly map, ask what behavior they're seeing, when it started, and what changed.

Step D2: Detect the Environment

Use context clues to determine:

• Deployment: Cloud, self-hosted, or dev server
• SDK language: Go, Java, TypeScript, Python, .NET (affects metric units)
• Observability platform: Prometheus, Datadog, Grafana Cloud, New Relic, etc.

See references/ops-diagnostics-reference.md § Environment Detection for clue table. If confidence is below 95%, ask.

Step D3: Establish Metrics Access

You do not have access to live metrics. Establish how to get values:

1. MCP tool — if the user has a Datadog or Grafana MCP server connected, use it to query metrics directly.
2. Screenshots — ask the user to capture specific dashboard panels. Tell them which panels based on the symptom category:
   • Throughput/Backlog: schedule-to-start latency, backlog count, task slots available, sync match rate
   • Failure/Error: activity failure count (by type if possible), workflow failure count, activity execution latency
   • Include the time axis and legend in screenshots
3. Manual values — provide the exact query for their platform and ask them to run it and report values.

Always provide queries in the user's platform syntax. See references/ops-diagnostics-reference.md § Query Examples by Platform for Datadog and New Relic translations. For PromQL, see references/worker-health-monitoring.md and references/service-health-monitoring.md.

Do not proceed with diagnosis without metrics data.

Step D4: Run USE Diagnostic

For each Temporal resource relevant to the symptom, check all three USE dimensions:

• Utilization: How busy is the resource? (slots used, poll success rate, action count vs limit)
• Saturation: Is work queuing up? (backlog count, schedule-to-start latency, cache evictions)
• Errors: Is work failing? (activity_fail_count, workflow_failed_count, resource_exhausted)

Consult references/ops-diagnostics-reference.md:

• § USE Resource Inventory — maps Temporal resources to their U/S/E metrics
• § Metric Name Mapping — which metric name to use for Cloud vs SDK
• § Decision Trees — follow the appropriate scenario tree based on symptom category

Cross-reference thresholds and detailed metric descriptions from:

• references/worker-health-monitoring.md — backlog, sync match, poll success, task slots, sticky cache
• references/service-health-monitoring.md — failure rates, error rates, limits, replication
• references/troubleshooting.md — per-bottleneck root causes and diagnostic steps

Step D5: Explain Then Prescribe

Structure every diagnosis response using this format:

What's Happening: Plain-language explanation of the mechanics. Connect the user's metrics to the behavior they're seeing. Explain how Temporal's internals work in this situation so the user builds a mental model.

USE Analysis:

Resource	Utilization	Saturation	Errors
(resource)	(metric: value + interpretation)	(metric: value)	(metric: value)

Why: Root cause grounded in metric evidence. Explain the causal chain ("X is high because Y, caused by Z"). If multiple factors interact, show how.

Fix: Ordered list, most impactful first. For each action, explain why it helps in one sentence.

• Worker tuning → hand off to skill-temporal-workertuning
• Infrastructure changes → hand off to skill-temporal-ops
• Code changes → hand off to skill-temporal-developer

Monitor After: Which metrics to watch, target values, and expected timeline for improvement.

If Not Resolved: What persistence of the issue would indicate, and next diagnostic step or skill handoff.

For fully worked examples of this protocol in action, see references/diagnosis-examples.md.

Diagnosis Common Pitfalls

Pitfall	Correct Behavior
Applying rate() to temporal_cloud_v1_* metrics in queries	v1 metrics are pre-computed rates — use directly. rate() is only valid for SDK and self-hosted metrics.
Confusing SDK metric units across SDKs	Go/Java use seconds, TypeScript/Python/.NET use milliseconds. A 200ms threshold is 0.2 in Go/Java and 200 in Core SDKs.
Assuming approximate_backlog_count = 0 means no backlog	This metric resets to zero on idle queues. Confirm with schedule-to-start latency.
Jumping to "add more workers" without checking slots	First check if existing workers have available slots. Slot depletion with low host CPU = configuration issue, not capacity.
Diagnosing without knowing the environment	Cloud vs self-hosted changes which metrics exist. Always establish environment first.
Ignoring the failure conversion rate	High activity failures with low workflow failures = healthy error handling. Always compute the ratio in failure scenarios.
Prescribing without explaining	Users who understand the mechanics make better decisions. Explain before recommending.

Key Facts

• OpenMetrics endpoint: metrics.temporal.io, API key auth, 30s recommended scrape interval, 30k datapoints per scrape, 180 requests/hour rate limit, ~3-minute data latency.
• PromQL/v0 endpoint is deprecated and unavailable to new users. Sunset date October 5, 2026. Never recommend v0 metrics — always use v1.
• v1 metrics are pre-computed per-second rates with delta temporality. Never apply rate(), increase(), irate(), or histogram_quantile().
• SDK histogram units: milliseconds (TypeScript, Python, .NET) vs seconds (Go, Java).
• v1 pre-calculated percentiles (p50, p95, p99) cannot be accurately aggregated across dimensions.
• temporal_cloud_v1_approximate_backlog_count is approximate — can overcount and resets to zero on idle queues.
• Self-hosted Frontend Service health checks: port 7233, not 8080.
• worker_version label is deprecated — use temporal_worker_deployment_name and temporal_worker_build_id.

Intent Decision Table

User intent	Action
Wants to know which Cloud metrics exist, their types, or labels	Consult references/cloud-metrics-catalog.md for the complete temporal_cloud_v1_* catalog
Needs to set up or configure the OpenMetrics endpoint (auth, scrape config, rate limits)	Consult references/openmetrics-endpoint.md
Wants to integrate metrics with Datadog, Grafana Cloud, ClickStack, New Relic, Prometheus, or OTel Collector	Consult references/integrations.md
Needs to configure SDK metrics scrape endpoints or understand SDK metric units	Consult references/sdk-metrics.md
Setting up monitoring for a self-hosted Temporal Service	Consult references/self-hosted-monitoring.md
Wants to monitor Temporal Cloud service health (latency, error rates, failures, limits)	Consult references/service-health-monitoring.md
Needs to monitor Worker fleet health (backlog, greedy workers, misconfigured workers, sticky cache)	Consult references/worker-health-monitoring.md
Migrating from PromQL/v0 to OpenMetrics/v1	Consult references/migration-v0-to-v1.md
Troubleshooting performance bottlenecks using metrics	Consult references/troubleshooting.md
Describing a symptom that needs systematic diagnosis (slow workflows, backlog, failures, latency)	Follow the Diagnosis Protocol above. Consult references/ops-diagnostics-reference.md for USE framework and decision trees
Wants a worked example of a diagnostic workflow	Consult references/diagnosis-examples.md
Wants to write Workflow/Activity/Worker SDK code (not metrics config)	Defer to skill-temporal-developer
Wants to tune Worker performance (slot suppliers, tuners, cache sizing)	Defer to skill-temporal-workertuning -- this skill owns collection/query layer only
Wants to administer or diagnose Temporal Cloud/self-hosted environments	Defer to skill-temporal-ops -- this skill provides metric queries for diagnosis

Critical Rules

Never Recommend v0 Metrics

• The temporal_cloud_v0_* metrics and the PromQL endpoint are deprecated and no longer available to new users. Never recommend v0 metrics for any purpose. Do not include v0 metric names in configs, queries, dashboards, or examples. Always use the temporal_cloud_v1_* equivalents.
• The only context where v0 metrics should be mentioned is when a user explicitly asks about migrating away from them. In that case, consult references/migration-v0-to-v1.md and guide them to the v1 replacements.
• If a user references a v0 metric name (e.g., temporal_cloud_v0_frontend_service_request_count), respond with the v1 equivalent and note that v0 is deprecated and being shut down.

v0 and v1 Names Are Not Interchangeable

• v0 and v1 names differ beyond the version prefix (e.g., temporal_cloud_v0_frontend_service_request_count → temporal_cloud_v1_service_request_count — note the dropped frontend_). When helping users migrate, consult the mapping table in references/migration-v0-to-v1.md; do not attempt to guess v1 names by swapping the version prefix.

Post-Setup Validation

• Setup is not complete until metrics are confirmed arriving and queryable in the user's destination platform. Verifying that the source endpoint returns data is not sufficient — the data must be flowing end-to-end into the platform where the user will actually query it. After providing any scrape config, integration config, or SDK metrics setup, always end with a validation step.
• Validate at the destination, not the source. Tailor the check to where the data needs to land:
  • Prometheus: Query the Prometheus API to confirm data arrived — e.g., curl -s "http://localhost:9090/api/v1/query?query=temporal_cloud_v1_service_request_count" should return results with recent timestamps.
  • Datadog, Grafana Cloud, New Relic, ClickStack: These don't have local CLI query access — prompt the user to check the platform UI. Tell them exactly what to search for (e.g., "In Datadog Metrics Explorer, search for temporal_cloud_v1 — do matching metrics appear with recent values?").
• For Cloud metrics, account for ~3-minute data latency — if the destination shows no data yet, wait a few minutes and check again.
• Do not assume setup succeeded just because the config looks correct. Verify at the destination or ask the user to verify.

Authentication

• OpenMetrics endpoint: API key (Bearer token) with a service account having "Metrics Read-Only" Account Level Role.
• PromQL endpoint (deprecated): mTLS certificates with customer-specific endpoints (<account-id>.tmprl.cloud/prometheus).
• Never mix these authentication methods or endpoint URLs.