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germinal

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更新日2026年6月11日 14:45

De novo antibody and nanobody (VHH) design with Germinal. Use this skill when: (1) Designing epitope-targeted nanobodies or scFvs, (2) Needing CDR design on a fixed framework, (3) Working on antibody-format binders rather than miniproteins. For miniprotein binders, use binder-design (BoltzGen, BindCraft, RFdiffusion, Mosaic). For structure validation, use boltz or chai.

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adaptyvbio

adaptyvbio/protein-design-skills

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adaptyvbio/protein-design-skills

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Guidance for choosing the right protein binder design tool. Use this skill when: (1) Deciding between BoltzGen, BindCraft, or RFdiffusion, (2) Planning a binder design campaign, (3) Understanding trade-offs between different approaches, (4) Selecting tools for specific target types. For specific tool parameters, use the individual tool skills (boltzgen, bindcraft, rfdiffusion, etc.).

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adaptyvbio/protein-design-skills

All-atom protein design using BoltzGen diffusion model. Use this skill when: (1) Need side-chain aware design from the start, (2) Designing around small molecules or ligands, (3) Want all-atom diffusion (not just backbone), (4) Require precise binding geometries, (5) Using YAML-based configuration. For backbone-only generation, use rfdiffusion. For sequence-only design, use proteinmpnn. For structure validation, use boltz.

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adaptyvbio/protein-design-skills

ESM protein language models for embeddings, sequence scoring, structure prediction, and binder design. Use this skill when: (1) Computing pseudo-log-likelihood (PLL) or mutation-effect scores, (2) Getting protein embeddings for clustering or filtering, (3) Predicting complex structures with ESMFold2, (4) Designing binders by inverting ESMFold2, (5) Filtering designs by sequence plausibility. For diffusion-based structure prediction, use boltz or chai. For QC thresholds, use protein-qc. For gradient-based multi-objective design, use mosaic.

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mosaic

adaptyvbio/protein-design-skills

Multi-objective, gradient-based protein binder design with Mosaic. Use this skill when: (1) Composing several structure or sequence models into one design objective, (2) Optimizing binders against a custom loss rather than a fixed pipeline, (3) Wanting gradient descent over sequence space in the style of ColabDesign, RSO, or BindCraft but with interchangeable predictors, (4) Letting the optimizer choose the epitope instead of fixing hotspots. For an end-to-end binder pipeline with default filters, use bindcraft. For all-atom diffusion design, use boltzgen. For backbone-only generation, use rfdiffusion.

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adaptyvbio/protein-design-skills

Generate protein backbones using RFdiffusion, a diffusion-based generative model for de novo protein structure generation. Use this skill when: (1) Designing binder scaffolds for a target protein, (2) Generating novel protein backbones from scratch, (3) Scaffolding functional motifs into new proteins, (4) Specifying hotspot residues for interface design, (5) Creating symmetric oligomers. For sequence design after backbone generation, use proteinmpnn. For structure validation, use alphafold or chai. For QC thresholds, use protein-qc.

2026-06-11147

name	germinal
description	De novo antibody and nanobody (VHH) design with Germinal. Use this skill when: (1) Designing epitope-targeted nanobodies or scFvs, (2) Needing CDR design on a fixed framework, (3) Working on antibody-format binders rather than miniproteins. For miniprotein binders, use binder-design (BoltzGen, BindCraft, RFdiffusion, Mosaic). For structure validation, use boltz or chai.
license	MIT
category	design-tools
tags	["antibody","nanobody","vhh","scfv","binder"]
biomodals_script	modal_germinal.py

Germinal Antibody and Nanobody Design

Germinal is an open pipeline for epitope-targeted de novo antibody and nanobody design. It hallucinates CDRs on a fixed framework, designs sequences with AbMPNN, and cofolds with a structure predictor (it downloads AlphaFold-Multimer params). Runnable through biomodals.

The biomodals author notes Germinal is finicky and suggests BoltzGen for general binder design; treat Germinal as the antibody-format option, not a default.

Prerequisites

Requirement	Value
Runner	Modal (biomodals)
GPU	H100 (default; `GPU` env var)
Setup	See Getting started

How to run

git clone https://github.com/hgbrian/biomodals && cd biomodals

uv run --with modal --with PyYAML modal run modal_germinal.py \
  --target-yaml target_example.yaml \
  --max-trajectories 1 \
  --max-passing-designs 1

Key parameters

Parameter	Default	Description
`--target-yaml`	required	Target config (target_name, target_pdb_path, target_chain, binder_chain, target_hotspots, length)
`--run-type`	`vhh`	`vhh` (nanobody) or `scfv`
`--max-trajectories`	100	Trajectories to run
`--max-passing-designs`	10	Stop after this many passing designs
`--out-dir`	`./out/germinal`	Output directory

Target YAML

target_name: PDL1
target_pdb_path: target.pdb
target_chain: A
binder_chain: B
target_hotspots: "45,67,89"
length: 120

Decision tree

Antibody-format binder?
│
├─ Nanobody / VHH → germinal (run-type vhh) or mber
├─ scFv → germinal (run-type scfv)
└─ Miniprotein (not antibody) → binder-design (boltzgen, bindcraft, mosaic)

For VHH nanobodies, biomodals also has modal_mber.py (mBER) and modal_iggm.py (IgGM) as alternatives.

Cost

Adaptyv's own tests of these models showed Germinal costing about $1.60 per accepted design, averaged across 7 targets.

Troubleshooting

Issue	Cause	Fix
Pipeline fails early	Missing PyYAML	Add `--with PyYAML` to the invocation
No passing designs	Hard epitope or low budget	Raise `--max-trajectories`
OOM	Large target	Use the default H100 or trim the target

Next: Validate with boltz or chai, rank with ipsae, filter with protein-qc.