| name | mercurial-hg |
| description | Comprehensive Mercurial (Hg) version control system guide covering all operations from basic to advanced. Use when Claude needs to work with Mercurial for (1) Repository initialization and cloning, (2) Basic operations (status, add, commit, pull, push), (3) Branch management and merging, (4) Advanced operations (rebase, histedit, graft), (5) Team collaboration workflows, (6) Patch queue (MQ) operations, (7) Configuration and extensions, or (8) Troubleshooting common issues. |
Mercurial Hg
Mercurial is a distributed version control system (DVCS) suitable for scenarios ranging from small personal projects to large-scale enterprise projects.
Quick Start
Initialize New Repository
hg init myproject
cd myproject
Clone Existing Repository
hg clone https://example.com/repo myproject
Basic Workflow
hg status
hg add file1 file2
hg commit -m "Describe your changes"
hg pull
hg push
Common Scenarios
View History
hg log
hg log -v
hg log path/to/file
hg log -G
Undo Operations
hg revert file
hg revert --all
hg backout <revision>
hg strip <revision>
When to Read Reference Documentation
| Scenarios | Reference Doc |
|---|
| Detailed basic commands, understanding file status | basics.md |
| Create, switch, and merge branches | branches.md |
| Complex merges, conflict resolution, rebase, histedit | advanced.md |
| Team collaboration, code review, multi-repo management | collaboration.md |
| Patch Queue (MQ) operations | mq.md |
| Configure ~/.hgrc, enable extensions, custom aliases | config.md |
| Troubleshoot common issues, recover lost commits | troubleshooting.md |
Comparison with Git
| Mercurial | Git |
|---|
| hg commit | git commit |
| hg pull + hg update | git pull |
| hg push | git push |
| hg branches | git branch -r |
| hg bookmark | git branch |
| hg merge | git merge |
| hg rebase | git rebase |
| hg share | git worktree |
Best Practices
- Check before commit: Use
hg diff and hg status to confirm changes
- Descriptive commit messages: Commit messages should clearly explain changes
- Pull frequently: Use
hg pull -u to regularly get remote updates
- Use bookmarks: For branching workflows, use bookmarks instead of named branches
- Handle conflicts: When merging conflicts, carefully check each conflicted file
- Get help: For any unclear command, use
hg help --verbose <command> to view official documentation
Important Concepts
- Changeset: Basic unit of commit in Mercurial, identified by hash or revision number
- Repository: Complete copy containing project history and current working directory
- Working Directory: Files currently being edited
- Tip: The latest changeset of the current branch
- Head: A changeset with no successors
