expo-local-ship

name

expo-local-ship

description

DEFAULT ship skill for Threadbase iOS. Use this for ALL release operations unless the user explicitly invokes /ship-expo-cloud. Builds and ships locally on macOS using native CLI toolchains only — no Xcode UI, no Organizer, no App Store Connect website clicks. Covers: TestFlight uploads, App Store submissions, local dev (run:ios / run:android), CocoaPods + Gradle troubleshooting, and signing setup. Triggers: "ship", "TestFlight", "submit to App Store", "run:ios", "run:android", "prebuild", "archive", "expo build", "local build", "simulator", "dev client", "CocoaPods error", "Gradle error", "fresh machine setup".

Expo Local Build & Ship (CLI-only)

Every step is non-interactive shell. No Xcode windows, no App Store Connect website. Apple talks to us via the ASC REST API and xcodebuild's API-key flags.

Contents

• Quick start
• Architecture
• One-time setup
• The ship pipeline
• Local dev iteration
• Expo gotchas
• Anti-patterns
• CI variant
• Troubleshooting
• Rules

Quick start

./scripts/ship-ios.sh              # → TestFlight (default)
./scripts/ship-ios.sh --target production --release-notes "Fixes login bug" \
                  --release-type AFTER_APPROVAL          # → App Store

That's the whole flow. No simulator, no UI clicks. The script:

1. Preflight — runs every prerequisite check, fails loud if anything is off.
2. Install deps — npm / yarn / pnpm / bun, auto-detected from lockfile.
3. Prebuild — runs npx expo prebuild only if ios/ is missing.
4. Bootstrap signing — skipped automatically if .env.signing and the .p8 key are already on disk. On a fresh machine, reads ASC API key + Team ID from environment variables, renders ExportOptions.plist, writes .env.signing. It reads env vars only and never reaches 1Password itself, so in a fresh clone or worktree run ./scripts/bootstrap-local-signing-op.sh first (after eval "$(op signin)") or this step fails with ASC_KEY_ID must be set. ship-android.sh does call that wrapper for you; ship-ios.sh does not.
5. Git sync check — git fetch origin then refuses to ship if local main is behind origin/main (someone else may have pushed an app.json bump from another machine that you haven't pulled). Also refuses if app.json has uncommitted edits.
6. Build-number reconciliation — queries the App Store Connect API for the highest buildNumber already in TestFlight for this bundleIdentifier, compares against app.json. If local ≤ remote, auto-bumps app.json to remote + 1. A drift ≥ 2 prints a louder warning (likely sign of a multi-machine skip).
7. Archive + upload — xcodebuild archive then xcodebuild -exportArchive with destination=upload.
8. Poll — watches processingState until VALID (or hard-fails after 30 min).
9. (production only) Submit for review — App Store Connect REST API.

Architecture

The skill is a thin spec; the canonical implementation is the scripts/ folder. When invoked in a project, copy ~/.claude/skills/expo-local-build/scripts/ into the project's scripts/ folder, then customize any project-specific defaults if needed.

Script	Role
ship-ios.sh	Top-level orchestrator. The only command users typically run.
preflight.sh	Runs every prerequisite check and fails loud. Standalone too.
git-sync-check.sh	Verifies local main is up to date with origin/main and app.json has no uncommitted edits. Prevents shipping from a stale base on a multi-machine setup.
check-build-number.sh	Queries App Store Connect for the highest buildNumber in TestFlight, compares to app.json, and auto-bumps if local ≤ remote. Surfaces a louder warning when drift ≥ 2 (sign of a missed bump).
bootstrap-ios-signing.sh	Reads API key + Team ID from environment variables, writes .p8, renders plist, emits .env.signing.
bootstrap-local-signing-op.sh	Fills those environment variables from 1Password, for both platforms. --platform ios|android|all (default all), --dry-run to check resolution without writing. Run once per clone or worktree; the .p8, keystore and Play cache it produces are machine-global, but .env.signing* are per-checkout.
archive-and-upload.sh	xcodebuild archive + xcodebuild -exportArchive --destination=upload.
asc-jwt.sh	Mints a 19-min ES256 JWT for ASC API requests.
poll-build.sh	Watches processingState with 7 independent kill switches (per-curl timeout, wall clock, iteration cap, failure cap, watchdog, orphan check, signal traps). --timeout is hard-capped at 1800 s.
submit-for-review.sh	App Store Connect REST API: resolve app+build → create version → attach build → set whatsNew → submit.
ExportOptions.template.plist	Template plist — TEAM_ID_PLACEHOLDER is substituted at bootstrap time.

One-time setup

Apple side (manual, but truly one-time)

1. App Store Connect API key — at App Store Connect → Users and Access → Integrations → App Store Connect API. Role: App Manager (or higher). Download the .p8 immediately (only chance). Record Key ID + Issuer ID.
2. Register the app in App Store Connect with the bundle ID.

Signing env vars

Set these variables in the environment before running the ship pipeline:

Field	Value
ASC_KEY_ID	ASC API Key ID
ASC_ISSUER_ID	Issuer UUID
ASC_TEAM_ID	Apple Developer Team ID (10 chars) — xcodebuild -showBuildSettings ... | awk '/DEVELOPMENT_TEAM/ {print $3}'
ASC_AUTH_KEY_B64	base64 of the .p8: base64 -i AuthKey_<KEYID>.p8 | pbcopy

Project side

Copy these into your project (one-time per repo):

cp -R ~/.claude/skills/expo-local-build/scripts ./scripts

Add to .gitignore:

build/
.env.signing
*.p8

Commit scripts/.

The ship pipeline

Each script is independent and idempotent — ship.sh just chains them. You can run any step alone:

./scripts/preflight.sh                                   # any time
./scripts/bootstrap-local-signing-op.sh                   # pull secrets from 1Password
./scripts/bootstrap-ios-signing.sh                        # refresh secrets
source .env.signing
./scripts/archive-and-upload.sh                           # archive + upload only
./scripts/poll-build.sh com.your.app --watch              # watch processing
./scripts/submit-for-review.sh com.your.app 1.2.0 \
  --release-notes "..." --release-type AFTER_APPROVAL    # promote to App Store

Bump the build number before shipping (Apple rejects re-uploads of the same buildNumber):

NEW_BUILD=$(($(jq -r '.expo.ios.buildNumber' app.json) + 1))
jq ".expo.ios.buildNumber = \"$NEW_BUILD\"" app.json > app.json.tmp \
  && mv app.json.tmp app.json

Local dev iteration

Separate from the ship pipeline. Use these for development on a simulator or device — they are not invoked by ship.sh.

# iOS — defaults to first available simulator
npx expo run:ios
npx expo run:ios --simulator "iPhone 16 Pro"
DEVICE_UDID=<udid> npm run dev:device           # connected physical device (signing: see below)
npx expo run:ios --configuration Release        # release build (no dev menu)

# Android
emulator -avd <AVD_NAME> &                       # start AVD if needed
npx expo run:android
npx expo run:android --device                   # connected physical device
npx expo run:android --variant release

# Metro in its own terminal (better log visibility)
npx expo start --dev-client
# … then in the build terminal:
npx expo run:ios --no-bundler

Physical-device builds cannot use expo run:ios --device on this project. Automatic signing produces a profile without App Groups, which both Threadbase and ExpoWidgetsTarget require — the build fails to sign with six errors and xcodebuild exits 65. npm run dev:device (scripts/dev-device.sh) discovers a development profile per target and passes them via XCODE_XCCONFIG_FILE. Simulator builds are unaffected.

Cleanup after testing:

xcrun simctl shutdown booted        # iOS
adb emu kill                        # Android

Expo gotchas

These bit us in real ships — call them out before they cost an hour.

• dSYM warnings for React.framework, hermes.framework, ReactNativeDependencies.framework during upload are non-blocking. Apple accepts the build; only crashes inside those RN-internal frameworks won't symbolicate. Your app's own dSYM is fine.
• prebuild --clean wipes ios/ — never put generated files (e.g. rendered ExportOptions.plist) inside ios/. Put them in build/ so they survive a clean prebuild.
• EXPO_PUBLIC_* env vars are baked at bundle time, not at runtime. Changing them requires a rebuild.
• Paths with spaces break xcodebuild — keep the project under a space-free path on disk.
• expo build is deprecated (replaced by EAS Build, which this skill doesn't use). Don't suggest it.
• Apple Development vs Distribution signing — the local archive can be Apple-Development-signed and still upload fine: xcodebuild -exportArchive with signingStyle=automatic + API-key auth re-signs for Distribution at export time.
• Build number must monotonically increase per bundleIdentifier per version. Bump it before re-uploading.
• Node version must match Expo SDK's engine field. Expo SDK 54 requires Node ^20.19.0 || ^22.13.0 || >=24 — Node 22.12.x silently breaks Metro's absolute path resolution at bundle time (you'll see Unable to resolve module /abs/path/... for files that exist on disk). npm install only warns (EBADENGINE); the failure happens later during archive. Use nvm use with a compatible version before shipping.
• bundle exec pod install is required after any node_modules refresh. If you ever delete or reinstall node_modules, cd ios && bundle exec pod install before archiving — otherwise ReactCodegen will fail with "Build input file cannot be found" errors for *-generated.cpp / *JSI-generated.cpp files. Pod install regenerates the autolinking codegen Run Script Phase that produces those inputs.

Anti-patterns

Refuse or warn against:

• ❌ "Open Xcode and click Archive" — use xcodebuild archive.
• ❌ "Upload via Transporter" / "Distribute App in Organizer" — use xcodebuild -exportArchive with destination=upload or xcrun altool.
• ❌ "Sign in with Apple ID" — use API key (.p8) + -allowProvisioningUpdates.
• ❌ Committing .env.signing, build/, or *.p8. The provided .gitignore covers all three.
• ❌ Pinning Xcode betas (signing breaks unpredictably). Stick to GM unless the user explicitly requested a beta.
• ❌ expo build:ios / expo build:android (deprecated). Use the local pipeline or EAS Build.
• ❌ Committing .p8 or env files. The bootstrap script materializes the key with umask 077 and chmod 600 for a reason.

CI variant

For unattended (GitHub Actions, etc.), provide the same signing variables from repository secrets:

# .github/workflows/ship-testflight.yml
jobs:
  ship:
    runs-on: macos-14
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v4
        with: { node-version: '20', cache: 'npm' }
      - run: ./scripts/ship-ios.sh
        env:
          ASC_KEY_ID: ${{ secrets.ASC_KEY_ID }}
          ASC_ISSUER_ID: ${{ secrets.ASC_ISSUER_ID }}
          ASC_TEAM_ID: ${{ secrets.ASC_TEAM_ID }}
          ASC_AUTH_KEY_B64: ${{ secrets.ASC_AUTH_KEY_B64 }}

Troubleshooting

Symptom	Likely cause	Fix
Bootstrap dies on PEM sanity check	ASC_AUTH_KEY_B64 is missing or invalid	Re-encode: base64 -i AuthKey_*.p8 and export ASC_AUTH_KEY_B64
Archive succeeds, upload rejected: "Invalid Bundle Structure"	Stale Pods after a config-plugin change	cd ios && bundle exec pod install --repo-update && cd .. then re-archive
processingState=INVALID	App Store Connect rejected the binary	curl …/v1/builds/<id> for reason; common: missing privacy manifest, deprecated APIs
xcodebuild hangs at signing	Distribution profile missing	Pass -allowProvisioningUpdates + the API-key flags (the scripts already do this)
CocoaPods out of sync warning	Lockfile drift	cd ios && bundle exec pod install --repo-update
Gradle: Unsupported Java version	Wrong JDK	export JAVA_HOME=$(/usr/libexec/java_home -v 17)
Metro port 8081 in use	Stale bundler	lsof -ti :8081 | xargs kill
Unable to resolve module /abs/path/... for files that exist on disk	Node version older than Expo SDK requires (e.g. Node 22.12.x with SDK 54)	Check package.json's engines warning at install time; nvm use a compatible version (Expo SDK 54 → >=22.13 or >=24)
error: Build input file cannot be found: '...rnscreensJSI-generated.cpp' (or similar *-generated.{cpp,mm})	Pods out of sync with node_modules after a refresh	cd ios && bundle exec pod install then re-archive
Metro fails on a different node_modules file each run, all "exist but unresolved"	Watchman / Metro haste-map state corruption	watchman watch-del-all && watchman shutdown-server, then

Rules

• Every command must be non-interactive CLI. Never instruct the user to open Xcode, the Organizer, or the App Store Connect website. If a step requires UI today, document the App Store Connect REST API call instead.
• The ship pipeline never opens a simulator. That's npx expo run:ios territory (dev iteration), not shipping.
• Default target is TestFlight. Production submission is opt-in via --target production.
• Apple auth is API key (.p8) only. No Apple ID prompts. Always pass -allowProvisioningUpdates + -authenticationKey* flags to xcodebuild.
• Secrets are provided via environment variables, materialized at bootstrap. The scripts use umask 077 + chmod 600 for the .p8. Never inline secrets in markdown, scripts, or commits.
• Detect the package manager from the lockfile. Don't assume npm.
• prebuild only when ios/ is missing, unless the user requested a clean regen. Warn if ios/ has uncommitted changes before --clean.
• The script files are canonical. This document is a spec; scripts/* is the implementation. Don't paraphrase script contents inline — link instead.
• Pre-ship checks are mandatory — see ../_shared/pre-ship-checks.md for the canonical rules (branch sanity, no uncommitted app.json, local main synced with origin/main, build-number reconciled against TestFlight). ship.sh runs scripts/git-sync-check.sh (step 5) and scripts/check-build-number.sh (step 6) before any archive/upload. The same checks apply to /ship-expo-cloud.