dart

name	dart
description	Dart programming language — isolates, streams, futures, null safety, records and patterns, FFI, pub package manager, and Flutter integration.
trigger	dart, dart lang, dart ffi, dart futures, dart isolates, dart streams, pub, dart convert, dart io, dart async

Dart

Isolates

Dart uses isolates for concurrency — independent workers with their own memory heap. Communicate via SendPort / ReceivePort message passing. No shared state, no data races.

Asynchronous: Futures and Streams

Futures represent single async values with .then() and async/await. Streams emit sequences of values over time, supporting listen(), map(), where(), and async* generators.

Null Safety

Sound null safety is enforced at compile time. Types are non-nullable by default. Use ? for nullable types, late for delayed initialization, and ! for null assertion.

Records and Patterns

Records are lightweight anonymous data aggregates ((name, age)). Patterns enable destructuring in variable declarations, switch expressions, and collection matching.

Dart FFI

dart:ffi provides C-language interop. Define native types, call external functions, manage memory manually. Supports ABI-specific types and handle-based APIs.

Pub Package Manager

pub add, pub get, pub publish. Packages hosted on pub.dev. Supports semantic versioning, lockfiles, and workspace-style packages.

Flutter Integration

Dart is the language of Flutter. Key libraries like dart:ui, package:flutter/material.dart, and platform channels are designed around Dart's reactive model.

dart:convert

Built-in JSON, UTF-8, Base64, and LineSplitter encoders/decoders. jsonDecode / jsonEncode for serialization. Support for codec chaining.