nextcloud-impl-occ-commands

Use when using occ commands, creating custom CLI commands, or administering Nextcloud from the command line. Prevents running occ as wrong user, missing command registration in info.xml, and forgetting maintenance mode. Covers built-in commands for maintenance, user management, app management, file scanning, and configuration, plus custom command development with Symfony Console. Keywords: occ, php occ, maintenance:mode, app:enable, files:scan, Symfony Console, Command, info.xml commands, command line, terminal command, maintenance mode, enable app, scan files, CLI..

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name	nextcloud-impl-occ-commands
description	Use when using occ commands, creating custom CLI commands, or administering Nextcloud from the command line. Prevents running occ as wrong user, missing command registration in info.xml, and forgetting maintenance mode. Covers built-in commands for maintenance, user management, app management, file scanning, and configuration, plus custom command development with Symfony Console. Keywords: occ, php occ, maintenance:mode, app:enable, files:scan, Symfony Console, Command, info.xml commands, command line, terminal command, maintenance mode, enable app, scan files, CLI..
license	MIT
compatibility	Designed for Claude Code. Requires Nextcloud 28+.
metadata	{"author":"OpenAEC-Foundation","version":"1.0"}

nextcloud-impl-occ-commands

Quick Reference

Invocation

sudo -u www-data php occ [command] [arguments] [options]

NEVER run occ as root -- file permissions will break and Nextcloud will become inaccessible. ALWAYS use the web server user (www-data on Debian/Ubuntu, apache on RHEL/CentOS, nginx on Alpine).

Category	Prefix	Purpose
Maintenance	`maintenance:`	Maintenance mode, repair, updates
User Management	`user:`	Add, delete, list, enable/disable users
App Management	`app:`	Enable, disable, list, update apps
Configuration	`config:`	System and app config get/set
Files	`files:`	Scan, cleanup, transfer ownership
Background Jobs	`background:`	Set background job mode
Database	`db:`	Migrations, conversions
Encryption	`encryption:`	Enable, disable, key management
Logging	`log:`	Log level management
Status	`status`	Installation status as JSON

Command	Description
`maintenance:mode --on`	Enable maintenance mode
`maintenance:mode --off`	Disable maintenance mode
`maintenance:repair`	Run repair steps
`upgrade`	Run database upgrade after Nextcloud update
`user:add --display-name="Name" --group="group" userid`	Create user
`user:delete userid`	Delete user
`user:list`	List all users
`user:enable userid`	Enable user
`user:disable userid`	Disable user
`app:enable appid`	Enable an app
`app:disable appid`	Disable an app
`app:list`	List installed apps and status
`app:update --all`	Update all apps
`config:system:set key --value=val`	Set system config
`config:system:set key --value=val --type=boolean`	Set typed system config
`config:system:get key`	Get system config value
`config:app:set appid key --value=val`	Set app config
`config:app:get appid key`	Get app config value
`config:list`	Export all config as JSON
`files:scan --all`	Scan all user files
`files:scan --path="/user/files/folder"`	Scan specific path
`files:cleanup`	Clean up orphaned file cache entries
`files:transfer-ownership source dest`	Transfer file ownership
`background:cron`	Set background jobs to cron mode
`background:ajax`	Set background jobs to AJAX mode
`background:webcron`	Set background jobs to webcron mode
`status --output=json`	Show installation status as JSON

# Set trusted domain
sudo -u www-data php occ config:system:set trusted_domains 1 --value=cloud.example.com

# Enable debug mode
sudo -u www-data php occ config:system:set debug --value=true --type=boolean

# Set Redis memcache
sudo -u www-data php occ config:system:set memcache.distributed --value='\OC\Memcache\Redis'

# Set overwrite CLI URL (required for cron)
sudo -u www-data php occ config:system:set overwrite.cli.url --value='https://cloud.example.com'

# Set default phone region (NC 28+)
sudo -u www-data php occ config:system:set default_phone_region --value='NL'

Need to administer Nextcloud from CLI?
├── Managing users? → user:add / user:delete / user:list / user:enable / user:disable
├── Managing apps? → app:enable / app:disable / app:list / app:update
├── Changing config? → config:system:set / config:app:set
├── File operations? → files:scan / files:cleanup / files:transfer-ownership
├── Upgrading? → maintenance:mode --on → upgrade → maintenance:mode --off
├── Background jobs? → background:cron (recommended for production)
└── Creating custom command? → Extend Symfony Command (see Pattern 1 below)

<?php
namespace OCA\MyApp\Command;

use OCA\MyApp\Service\ItemService;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Command\Command;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\InputArgument;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\InputInterface;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\InputOption;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Output\OutputInterface;

class ProcessItems extends Command {
    public function __construct(
        private ItemService $service,
    ) {
        parent::__construct();
    }

    protected function configure(): void {
        $this->setName('myapp:process-items')
            ->setDescription('Process pending items for a user')
            ->addArgument(
                'user',
                InputArgument::REQUIRED,
                'The user ID to process items for'
            )
            ->addOption(
                'force',
                'f',
                InputOption::VALUE_NONE,
                'Force reprocessing of already processed items'
            )
            ->addOption(
                'limit',
                'l',
                InputOption::VALUE_REQUIRED,
                'Maximum number of items to process',
                100 // default value
            );
    }

    protected function execute(InputInterface $input, OutputInterface $output): int {
        $userId = $input->getArgument('user');
        $force = $input->getOption('force');
        $limit = (int) $input->getOption('limit');

        $output->writeln("Processing items for user: <info>{$userId}</info>");

        $count = $this->service->processItems($userId, $force, $limit);

        $output->writeln("<info>Processed {$count} items successfully.</info>");
        return Command::SUCCESS;
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<info xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
      xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="https://apps.nextcloud.com/schema/apps/info.xsd">
    <id>myapp</id>
    <name>My App</name>
    <!-- ... other entries ... -->
    <commands>
        <command>OCA\MyApp\Command\ProcessItems</command>
        <command>OCA\MyApp\Command\CleanupData</command>
    </commands>
</info>

use Symfony\Component\Console\Helper\Table;
use Symfony\Component\Console\Helper\ProgressBar;

protected function execute(InputInterface $input, OutputInterface $output): int {
    // Table output
    $table = new Table($output);
    $table->setHeaders(['User', 'Files', 'Quota Used']);
    $table->addRow(['alice', '1,234', '4.2 GB']);
    $table->addRow(['bob', '567', '1.8 GB']);
    $table->render();

    // Progress bar
    $items = $this->service->getPendingItems();
    $progressBar = new ProgressBar($output, count($items));
    $progressBar->start();

    foreach ($items as $item) {
        $this->service->process($item);
        $progressBar->advance();
    }

    $progressBar->finish();
    $output->writeln(''); // newline after progress bar
    return Command::SUCCESS;
}

use Symfony\Component\Console\Question\ConfirmationQuestion;

protected function execute(InputInterface $input, OutputInterface $output): int {
    $userId = $input->getArgument('user');

    if (!$input->getOption('force')) {
        $helper = $this->getHelper('question');
        $question = new ConfirmationQuestion(
            "Delete all data for user {$userId}? (y/N) ",
            false
        );
        if (!$helper->ask($input, $output, $question)) {
            $output->writeln('Aborted.');
            return Command::SUCCESS;
        }
    }

    try {
        $this->service->deleteUserData($userId);
        $output->writeln("<info>Data deleted for {$userId}.</info>");
        return Command::SUCCESS;
    } catch (\Exception $e) {
        $output->writeln("<error>Failed: {$e->getMessage()}</error>");
        return Command::FAILURE;
    }
}

# 1. Enable maintenance mode
sudo -u www-data php occ maintenance:mode --on

# 2. Create database backup
mysqldump --single-transaction -u nextcloud -p nextcloud_db > backup.sql

# 3. Update Nextcloud files (download or package manager)

# 4. Run database upgrade
sudo -u www-data php occ upgrade

# 5. Run repair steps
sudo -u www-data php occ maintenance:repair

# 6. Disable maintenance mode
sudo -u www-data php occ maintenance:mode --off

# 7. Verify status
sudo -u www-data php occ status --output=json

Mode	Behavior
`InputOption::VALUE_NONE`	Boolean flag (`--force`)
`InputOption::VALUE_REQUIRED`	Must have value (`--limit=10`)
`InputOption::VALUE_OPTIONAL`	Value optional (`--format` or `--format=json`)
`InputOption::VALUE_IS_ARRAY`	Multiple values (`--exclude=a --exclude=b`)