- name
- nitrostack-middleware-pipeline
- description
- Best practices for implementing and applying Guards, Interceptors, Middleware, Pipes, and Exception Filters in the NitroStack SDK.
## When to Use
Use this skill when implementing request validation, authorization checks, response mapping, logging, error handling, or performance tracking on NitroStack tool methods.
---
## 1. Guards (`Guard` and `@UseGuards`)
Guards determine if a request should be processed by a tool handler based on authentication, authorization, or other conditions.
### Interface:
```typescript
import { Guard, ExecutionContext } from '@nitrostack/core';
export interface Guard {
canActivate(context: ExecutionContext): boolean | Promise<boolean>;
}
```
### Example:
```typescript
import { Guard, ExecutionContext, Injectable } from '@nitrostack/core';
@Injectable()
export class RolesGuard implements Guard {
async canActivate(context: ExecutionContext): Promise<boolean> {
const userRoles = context.clientMetadata?.roles || [];
return userRoles.includes('admin');
}
}
```
Apply the guard using `@UseGuards(...)`:
```typescript
import { Tool, UseGuards, z } from '@nitrostack/core';
import { RolesGuard } from './roles.guard.js';
export class AdminTools {
@Tool({
name: 'delete_system_logs',
description: 'Delete all system logs from the server.',
inputSchema: z.object({}),
})
@UseGuards(RolesGuard)
async deleteLogs() {
return { success: true };
}
}
```
---
## 2. Interceptors (`InterceptorInterface` and `@UseInterceptors`)
Interceptors can transform/intercept input arguments or mapped output from a tool method execution.
### Interface:
```typescript
import { ExecutionContext } from '@nitrostack/core';
export interface InterceptorInterface {
intercept(context: ExecutionContext, next: () => Promise<unknown>): Promise<unknown>;
}
```
### Example:
```typescript
import { InterceptorInterface, ExecutionContext, Injectable } from '@nitrostack/core';
@Injectable()
export class TimingInterceptor implements InterceptorInterface {
async intercept(context: ExecutionContext, next: () => Promise<unknown>): Promise<unknown> {
const start = Date.now();
const result = await next();
const duration = Date.now() - start;
context.logger.info(`Execution took ${duration}ms`);
return {
...result,
_meta: { durationMs: duration }
};
}
}
```
---
## 3. Exception Filters (`ExceptionFilterInterface` and `@UseFilters`)
Exception filters catch any errors thrown within guards, interceptors, or the tool handlers themselves, mapping them into user-friendly JSON payloads.
### Interface:
```typescript
import { ExecutionContext } from '@nitrostack/core';
export interface ExceptionFilterInterface {
catch(exception: unknown, context: ExecutionContext): unknown | Promise<unknown>;
}
```
### Example:
```typescript
import { ExceptionFilterInterface, ExecutionContext, Injectable } from '@nitrostack/core';
@Injectable()
export class CustomExceptionFilter implements ExceptionFilterInterface {
catch(exception: unknown, context: ExecutionContext) {
const message = exception instanceof Error ? exception.message : 'Unknown error';
return {
error: true,
message,
timestamp: new Date().toISOString()
};
}
}
```
Apply the filter using `@UseFilters(...)` on a tool method:
```typescript
import { Tool, UseFilters, z } from '@nitrostack/core';
import { CustomExceptionFilter } from './custom-exception.filter.js';
export class LoggingTools {
@Tool({
name: 'generate_report',
description: 'Generates system usage reports.',
inputSchema: z.object({}),
})
@UseFilters(CustomExceptionFilter)
async generateReport() {
throw new Error('Report generation is not implemented yet.');
}
}
```
---
## 4. Middleware (`MiddlewareInterface`, `@Middleware` and `@UseMiddleware`)
Middleware executes before the request reaches the tool handler, and can wrap the handler execution by invoking `next()`.
### Interface:
```typescript
import { ExecutionContext } from '@nitrostack/core';
export interface MiddlewareInterface {
use(context: ExecutionContext, next: () => Promise<unknown>): Promise<unknown>;
}
```
### Example:
```typescript
import { Middleware, MiddlewareInterface, ExecutionContext } from '@nitrostack/core';
@Middleware()
export class LoggingMiddleware implements MiddlewareInterface {
async use(context: ExecutionContext, next: () => Promise<unknown>): Promise<unknown> {
context.logger.info(`Entering tool: ${context.toolName}`);
try {
const result = await next();
context.logger.info(`Exiting tool: ${context.toolName}`);
return result;
} catch (error) {
context.logger.error(`Error in tool: ${error}`);
throw error;
}
}
}
```
Apply the middleware using `@UseMiddleware(...)` on a tool method:
```typescript
import { Tool, UseMiddleware, z } from '@nitrostack/core';
import { LoggingMiddleware } from './logging.middleware.js';
export class StationTools {
@Tool({
name: 'fetch_logs',
description: 'Fetch station operations logs.',
inputSchema: z.object({}),
})
@UseMiddleware(LoggingMiddleware)
async fetchLogs() {
return { status: 'operational' };
}
}
```
---
## 5. Pipes (`PipeInterface`, `@Pipe` and `@UsePipes`)
Pipes are used to transform or validate input arguments before they reach the tool handler method.
### Interface:
```typescript
import { ArgumentMetadata } from '@nitrostack/core';
export interface PipeInterface<T = unknown, R = unknown> {
transform(value: T, metadata: ArgumentMetadata): R | Promise<R>;
}
```
### Example:
```typescript
import { Pipe, PipeInterface, ArgumentMetadata } from '@nitrostack/core';
@Pipe()
export class TrimPipe implements PipeInterface<Record<string, unknown>, Record<string, unknown>> {
transform(value: Record<string, unknown>, metadata: ArgumentMetadata) {
const trimmed: Record<string, unknown> = {};
for (const [key, val] of Object.entries(value)) {
trimmed[key] = typeof val === 'string' ? val.trim() : val;
}
return trimmed;
}
}
```
Apply the pipe using `@UsePipes(...)` on a tool method:
```typescript
import { Tool, UsePipes, z } from '@nitrostack/core';
import { TrimPipe } from './trim.pipe.js';
export class MessagingTools {
@Tool({
name: 'send_message',
description: 'Send a message to other stations.',
inputSchema: z.object({ text: z.string() }),
})
@UsePipes(TrimPipe)
async sendMessage(input: { text: string }) {
return { sentText: input.text };
}
}
```
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