polish-gemstone

name	polish-gemstone
locale	wenyan-lite
source_locale	en
source_commit	82c77053
translator	Julius Brussee homage — caveman
translation_date	2026-04-26
description	Polish cut gemstones to final finish using progressive abrasive sequences. Covers pre-polish sanding, polishing compounds, lap selection, and quality assessment for both cabochons and faceted stones. Use when a cabochon or faceted stone has completed cutting and is ready for polishing, selecting the correct compound and lap for a specific species, troubleshooting a polish that will not reach full lustre (orange peel, haze, scratches), or re-polishing a stone with surface wear.
license	MIT
allowed-tools	Read
metadata	{"author":"Philipp Thoss","version":"1.0","domain":"lapidary","complexity":"intermediate","language":"natural","tags":"lapidary, polishing, finishing, abrasives, gemstones"}

拋光寶石

以漸進磨料序列、適當拋光劑、與正確之研磨盤或墊，將已切之寶石拋至光學品質之終飾，含弧面石與刻面石。

適用時機

• 弧面石或刻面石已切製完畢，待拋光
• 須為特定寶石擇正確拋光劑與盤
• 排除拋光無法達全光澤之故障（橘皮、霧、刮痕）
• 對表面有磨損或刮痕之既有寶石重拋

輸入

• 必要：已切待拋光之寶石（弧面已圓滑成形，或刻面已切妥）
• 必要：物種辨識（拋光劑與盤之擇定取決於材質）
• 選擇性：附拋光輪／墊之磨石機（弧面石用）
• 選擇性：附拋光盤之刻面機（刻面石用）
• 選擇性：拋光劑：氧化鈰、氧化鋁、鑽石膏（各微米級）、氧化錫、氧化鉻
• 選擇性：拋光盤：錫、銅、陶瓷、Batt（合成）、BATT 盤、Corian、Lucite、皮革、毛氈
• 選擇性：10 倍放大鏡或寶石學顯微鏡，作品質檢視

步驟

步驟一：表面備齊

確認寶石之表面於切製階段已適當備齊。

Pre-Polish Surface Check:
+--------------------+------------------------------------------+
| Check              | Requirement                              |
+--------------------+------------------------------------------+
| Previous grit      | All scratches from the cutting stage     |
| scratches          | must be removed by the final grit        |
|                    | (typically 1200 or 3000)                 |
+--------------------+------------------------------------------+
| Surface uniformity | No flat spots on cabochons, no uneven    |
|                    | facets on faceted stones                 |
+--------------------+------------------------------------------+
| Cleanliness        | Stone thoroughly cleaned between grits   |
|                    | and before polishing. Grit contamination |
|                    | is the #1 cause of polish failure        |
+--------------------+------------------------------------------+
| Dop security       | Stone securely dopped — shifting during  |
|                    | polish destroys facet geometry           |
+--------------------+------------------------------------------+

1. 於 10 倍放大下檢視寶石
2. 留意切製階段所遺之刮痕——呈平行線狀
3. 若仍有刮痕，回退至相應磨度後再拋
4. 徹底清潔寶石：超音波清洗，或以洗碗精與水刷
5. 清潔雙手、黏棒與工作區——磨料污染易傳

預期： 於拋前磨度下無刮痕之表面，徹底潔淨且黏附穩固。指甲撫之應如玻璃般滑。

失敗時： 於細磨持續打磨後仍見刮痕者，寶石可能具方向性硬度（剛玉與藍晶常見）。試改變打磨方向。若係污染，全面清潔並換水。

步驟二：拋前序列（弧面石）

對弧面石，依序通過拋前各磨度。

Cabochon Pre-Polish Sequence:
+------+-----------+------------------------------------------+
| Stage| Grit      | Purpose                                  |
+------+-----------+------------------------------------------+
| 1    | 220       | Shape and dome (cutting stage — done)    |
+------+-----------+------------------------------------------+
| 2    | 600       | Remove 220 scratches, refine shape       |
+------+-----------+------------------------------------------+
| 3    | 1200      | Remove 600 scratches, smooth surface     |
+------+-----------+------------------------------------------+
| 4    | 3000      | Remove 1200 scratches (optional but      |
|      | (or 1500) | recommended for hard stones like agate)  |
+------+-----------+------------------------------------------+
| 5    | 8000      | Pre-polish (some machines include this)   |
|      | (or 14000)| Fine diamond paste on appropriate pad     |
+------+-----------+------------------------------------------+

TIME PER GRIT: Spend equal time at each stage. Rushing a grit
stage means scratches carry forward and become visible after
polishing. A typical cabochon takes 3-5 minutes per grit stage.