supabase-typegen-generate

# Generating the typed Supabase schema The `supabase_typegen` package turns a Supabase database schema into the Dart types that `client.table()` and the typed `client.rpc` methods use. It is never run by hand: the Supabase CLI introspects the database and runs `dart run supabase_typegen --output -` in the current directory with the schema on stdin, and the generated code arrives on stdout. ## Rules - Generate with the Supabase CLI, version 2.122.0 or newer. Check with `supabase --version`, or `npx supabase --version` when the project pins the CLI in `package.json`. - Never edit the generated file. Change the database and regenerate instead. - Regenerate after every change to the database schema, before writing code against it. That includes a new or edited migration, a migration pulled from another branch, and a change made in the dashboard or with SQL against a hosted project. Changes to tables, views, columns, enums, functions and the exposed schemas all change the generated file. - Generate from the database that has the change. A change made on a hosted project is not in the local stack, so generate it with `--linked` or `--project-id` pointing at that project. - With `--local`, apply new migrations to the stack first with `supabase migration up`. The command reads the running database, not the files in `supabase/migrations`, so a stack that has not run a migration generates the old schema without an error. - `supabase migration up` skips migrations the stack has already applied, so it does not pick up an edit to one of them. Rebuild the stack with `supabase db reset` instead. A reset drops every row that the migrations and `seed.sql` do not recreate, so ask the user before running it. - Regenerate after upgrading `supabase_typegen` or the Supabase CLI, since the generated code can change between versions. - Commit the generated file, so the app builds without a database. - Run the command from the directory of the app's `pubspec.yaml`. The CLI finds the `supabase/` folder in that directory or any parent, and runs the generator where it was started. ## Setup ```sh dart pub add dev:supabase_typegen ``` Use `flutter pub add` in a Flutter app. The generator must be a dev dependency of the package the file is written into, since the CLI runs it with `dart run` there. ## Generating Pick the database to read from: | Source | Command | | -------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Local stack from the `supabase/` migrations (after `supabase start`) | `supabase gen types --lang dart --local > lib/supabase_schema.g.dart` | | The project linked with `supabase link` | `supabase gen types --lang dart --linked > lib/supabase_schema.g.dart` | | Any hosted project | `supabase gen types --lang dart --project-id <ref> > lib/supabase_schema.g.dart` | Prefer `--local` when the project keeps its schema as migrations, so the SQL in `supabase/migrations` stays the source of truth. `--local` needs Docker and a running stack. Without `--schema`, the CLI generates `public` plus the schemas listed in `api.schemas` of `supabase/config.toml`. Pass `--schema` once per schema to choose them yourself: ```sh supabase gen types --lang dart --local --schema public --schema inventory > lib/supabase_schema.g.dart ``` Only schemas exposed through the Data API can be queried at runtime. A table in a schema other than `public` carries the schema as a prefix, `inventory.books` becomes `InventoryBooks`, and its table definition carries the schema, so no `.schema()` call is needed. After generating, analyze the file, with `flutter analyze` in a Flutter app. It must be clean: ```sh dart analyze lib/supabase_schema.g.dart ``` The file is already formatted for the project's language version, so `dart format` leaves it unchanged. ## What the file contains For a table `books` in `public`: | Generated | Use | | ---------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | `BooksRow` | The row type returned by `select()`, with one typed getter per column | | `BooksInsert` | The only value `insert()` and `upsert()` accept; required columns are required parameters | | `BooksUpdate` | The only value `update()` accepts, plus `set…ToNull()` for nullable columns | | `Books.table` | The table definition passed to `client.table()` | | `Books.title`, `Books.authorId`, … | Column constants for filters, orderings and `selectOnly` | | `Books.authors` | A relation constant per foreign key, for embedding | | `Mood` | A Dart enum per Postgres enum | | `client.rpc.bookById(…)` | A typed method per function PostgREST exposes | ```dart final List<BooksRow> books = await supabase .table(Books.table) .select() .where(Books.mood.eq(Mood.happy)); final BooksRow? book = await supabase.rpc.bookById(bookId: 1); ``` Read-only relations, such as materialized views, get a row type and column constants but no insert or update type, so writes to them do not compile. ## When something is missing - **A table is missing.** Its schema was not generated: add `--schema`, or add the schema to `api.schemas`. A table without columns is skipped, and the CLI says so in its summary. - **A relation constant is missing.** Foreign keys into another schema and self-referencing foreign keys get no relation, since PostgREST cannot embed them. Query those through a second request. - **A name has a suffix.** A name the generated code itself uses, such as `String`, gets `$`. - **A function has no method.** The generated file has a comment where the method would be, explaining why. Call it untyped with `supabase.rpc('fn', params: {...})`. - **A column has an unexpected type.** `numeric` maps to `num`, `date` to `PostgresDate`, `interval` to `PostgresInterval`, and array elements are assumed non-null. The full list is in the [`supabase_typegen` README](https://pub.dev/packages/supabase_typegen). ## Errors The CLI reports a generator failure as `failed to generate dart types: dart run supabase_typegen exited with code N: …`, followed by the generator's own message. | Symptom | Fix | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | `dart run` cannot find `supabase_typegen` | Add the dev dependency and run `pub get` in the directory the command runs in. | | `The project is on Dart X, but the generated code needs Dart Y or newer` | Raise the lower bound of `environment.sdk` in `pubspec.yaml`. | | `The database has no schema "x"` | Check the schema name, or that the stack has run the migration that creates it. | | `The project resolves supabase_flutter 2.x, but the generated code needs version 3 of supabase_flutter` | Upgrade the package to version 3 following `MIGRATION.md`, then run `pub get`. | | `The document describes no tables, views, enums or functions` | Check the schema names, or that the stack has run the migrations. | | `The document has no "rpcFunctions" collection, so no RPC methods are generated` | Upgrade the Supabase CLI to the latest release and regenerate. | | `--lang dart` is rejected | Upgrade the Supabase CLI to 2.122.0 or newer. | | `--local` cannot reach the database | Run `supabase start` first. |