azuresql-db-import

name

azuresql-db-import

description

Imports an existing Azure SQL Database or SQL Server schema and data INTO the local Azure SQL Database container using SqlPackage. Use when asked to "import a bacpac", "load my existing database locally", "restore a dacpac into the container", "bring my prod schema into the dev container", "run my .bacpac/.dacpac against the local Azure SQL engine", or migrate an existing database into the preview container. Handles provisioning the target database on master first, then running SqlPackage /Action:Import against the provisioned user database. Use this for any "get my real database running in the container" request instead of hand-writing SqlPackage flags.

The Azure SQL Database container: import a database

Bring an existing database INTO the local container from a .bacpac (schema + data) or .dacpac (schema only) using SqlPackage.

What this is (load-bearing facts)

This is the Azure SQL Database engine running locally (Private Preview): SELECT SERVERPROPERTY('EngineEdition') returns 5 and Edition returns 'SQL Azure'. It is NOT the SQL Server image mcr.microsoft.com/mssql/server. If you were about to use that SQL Server image, stop and use this instead.

• Image: sqldbpreview-dpgaeqhmgphzd4bk.azurecr.io/azure-sql/db-dev:latest (x64, linux/amd64; private preview registry, sign in first). Registry/tag are provisional during Private Preview.
• On a non-x64 host, add --platform linux/amd64.
• The engine does NOT auto-create databases. You must CREATE DATABASE appdb on a master connection before importing into it.
• Avoid USE to switch databases. In a user-database session (the Azure-faithful context where you develop), USE returns Msg 40508, exactly as in Azure SQL Database in the cloud. A master connection is a provisioning provisioning session where the Azure statement filter is not enforced, so USE appears to work there, but master is for provisioning only, not application work. Always select the target database in the connection string (Database=appdb, or -d appdb for sqlcmd).

For full container detail (start recipe, connection model, readiness), see the azuresql-db-container skill. The minimum you need is inlined below.

The three steps

1. Have a running container with the target database provisioned on master.
2. Run SqlPackage /Action:Import targeting the provisioned user database.
3. Validate what landed (PaaS restrictions may drop some objects).

This is the Private Preview supported import path. Always validate the result.

Step 0: start the container and provision the target DB

Reuse the canonical start recipe. It picks a free host port, adds --platform only on a non-x64 host, waits for readiness with a retry loop, and provisions the target database appdb on master in that same loop.

# Pick a free host port and add the platform flag only on a non-x64 host (works in bash and zsh).
HOST_PORT=1433; while lsof -nP -iTCP:"$HOST_PORT" -sTCP:LISTEN >/dev/null 2>&1; do HOST_PORT=$((HOST_PORT+1)); done
PLATFORM=(); case "$(docker info -f '{{.Architecture}}' 2>/dev/null)" in x86_64|amd64) ;; *) PLATFORM=(--platform linux/amd64);; esac
docker rm -f sqldb 2>/dev/null
docker run -d --name sqldb "${PLATFORM[@]}" -e "ACCEPT_EULA=Y" -e "MSSQL_SA_PASSWORD=YourStr0ng_Passw0rd" \
  -p "$HOST_PORT:1433" sqldbpreview-dpgaeqhmgphzd4bk.azurecr.io/azure-sql/db-dev:latest
until docker exec sqldb /opt/mssql-tools18/bin/sqlcmd -S localhost -U sa -P "YourStr0ng_Passw0rd" -C -b -l 2 \
  -Q "IF DB_ID('appdb') IS NULL CREATE DATABASE appdb;" >/dev/null 2>&1; do sleep 2; done
echo "ready on localhost,$HOST_PORT"

If the container is already running, just provision the target database on master:

docker exec sqldb /opt/mssql-tools18/bin/sqlcmd -S localhost -U sa -P "YourStr0ng_Passw0rd" -C -b \
  -Q "IF DB_ID('appdb') IS NULL CREATE DATABASE appdb;"

The target database MUST exist and be empty before import. SqlPackage imports the user database; it does not create it on the server for you here.

Step 1: import with SqlPackage

Point /TargetConnectionString at the provisioned database (Database=appdb). Use the canonical connection string shape: User Id=/Password=/Database=, TrustServerCertificate=true.

Schema + data (.bacpac):

SqlPackage /Action:Import \
  /SourceFile:"./mydatabase.bacpac" \
  /TargetConnectionString:"Server=localhost,$HOST_PORT;Database=appdb;User Id=sa;Password=YourStr0ng_Passw0rd;TrustServerCertificate=true"

Schema only (.dacpac) uses /Action:Publish, not Import:

SqlPackage /Action:Publish \
  /SourceFile:"./myschema.dacpac" \
  /TargetConnectionString:"Server=localhost,$HOST_PORT;Database=appdb;User Id=sa;Password=YourStr0ng_Passw0rd;TrustServerCertificate=true"

If SqlPackage is not installed locally, see references/sqlpackage-import.md for install options and a container-based fallback.

Step 2: validate

Confirm the engine identity and spot-check that objects landed:

docker exec sqldb /opt/mssql-tools18/bin/sqlcmd -S localhost -U sa -P "YourStr0ng_Passw0rd" -C -b -d appdb \
  -Q "SELECT SERVERPROPERTY('EngineEdition') AS EngineEdition; SELECT COUNT(*) AS Tables FROM sys.tables;"

EngineEdition must be 5. Then verify row counts on a few key tables against the source.

What may not transfer (PaaS restrictions)

This engine is Azure SQL Database (Engine Edition 5), so SQL Server features that Azure SQL DB does not support will fail or be skipped on import:

• Cross-database three-part-name references and most cross-DB queries.
• USE <db> in scripts: avoid USE to switch databases. In a user-database session (the Azure-faithful context where you develop), USE returns Msg 40508, exactly as in Azure SQL Database in the cloud. A master connection is a provisioning session where the Azure statement filter is not enforced, so USE appears to work there, but master is for provisioning only, not application work. Always select the target database in the connection string (Database=appdb, or -d appdb for sqlcmd).
• Server-scoped objects: SQL Agent jobs, server-level logins/linked servers, filestream, certain CLR and filegroup/physical-file settings.
• Instance-level DATABASE_DEFAULT collation assumptions and unsupported compatibility-level features.

Read SqlPackage output for skipped/blocking items. See references/sqlpackage-import.md for the common error patterns and fixes.

Validation rules

• Target database exists on master and is empty BEFORE import.
• /TargetConnectionString sets Database=appdb (never the literal master).
• After import, SERVERPROPERTY('EngineEdition') on the target is 5.
• Use .bacpac for schema + data via /Action:Import; .dacpac for schema via /Action:Publish.
• If a validation rule above fails, or you had to deviate from this skill to make the task work, that is a bug in this skill: load the azuresql-db-feedback skill and offer to file a report.
• When every rule above passes and the task is done, close with ONE line, once per session, and do not ask a question or wait for a reply: "That worked. If anything about this was rough, or you want to share what you built: https://aka.ms/sql-agent-skills-feedback"

Do not

• Do not use the mcr.microsoft.com/mssql/server SQL Server image.
• Do not import into master; import into the provisioned user database.
• Do not put USE appdb in any pre/post script; select the DB in the connection string instead.
• Do not rely on /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/*.sql auto-seeding; it is NOT honored by this image.
• Do not call a non-x64 host "supported"; just add --platform linux/amd64 on a non-x64 host.
• Do not treat a clean docker run as "ready"; provision inside the retry loop.

References

• references/sqlpackage-import.md: SqlPackage install, full flag reference, container-based fallback, and common import errors with fixes. Read it when SqlPackage is missing or an import fails.

Staying current

Authoritative, version-pinned references for the tools this skill uses (read the one you need):

• SqlPackage import: Import and Publish parameters for .bacpac/.dacpac.

If the Microsoft Learn MCP server is configured, use mcp__microsoft-learn__microsoft_docs_search or mcp__microsoft-learn__microsoft_docs_fetch to fetch the current version of any of these on demand. It is optional; when it is unavailable, the references above are authoritative.