gnu-radio

# GNU Radio SDR Skill **Status**: Active **Trit**: -1 (MINUS - signal consumption/analysis) **Seed**: 3800 (RF frequency reference) **Color**: #4A90D9 (radio blue) > *"Flowgraphs are signal poems. Blocks are the words."* ## Overview GNU Radio is a free, open-source software development toolkit for signal processing. It provides: - **Flowgraphs**: Visual signal processing chains - **Blocks**: Modular DSP components (filters, modulators, decoders) - **Python Integration**: Embedded Python blocks for custom processing - **Hardware Support**: RTL-SDR, HackRF, USRP, PlutoSDR, and more ## Architecture ``` ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ │ GNU RADIO FLOWGRAPH │ ├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤ │ │ │ ┌─────────┐ ┌─────────┐ ┌─────────┐ ┌─────────┐ │ │ │ Source │───▶│ Filter │───▶│ Demod │───▶│ Sink │ │ │ │ (SDR) │ │ (LPF) │ │ (FM) │ │ (Audio) │ │ │ └─────────┘ └─────────┘ └─────────┘ └─────────┘ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ▼ ▼ ▼ ▼ │ │ [complex] [complex] [float] [float] │ │ trit: +1 trit: 0 trit: -1 trit: +1 │ │ │ │ GF(3) Conservation: +1 + 0 + (-1) + (+1) ≡ 1 (mod 3) │ └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ ``` ## Installation ```bash # macOS with Flox flox install gnuradio # macOS with Homebrew brew install gnuradio # Ubuntu/Debian sudo apt install gnuradio # From source (GR4) git clone https://github.com/gnuradio/gnuradio.git cd gnuradio && mkdir build && cd build cmake .. && make -j$(nproc) && sudo make install ``` ## Block Types | Type | Purpose | GF(3) Role | |------|---------|------------| | **Source** | Generate/receive signals | +1 (PLUS) | | **Sync** | Sample-rate processing | 0 (ERGODIC) | | **Sink** | Output/consume signals | -1 (MINUS) | | **Hier** | Hierarchical sub-flowgraph | 0 (ERGODIC) | ## Embedded Python Block ```python """ Embedded Python Block - GF(3) Trit Tagger Tags samples with spatial trit based on frequency """ import numpy as np from gnuradio import gr class blk(gr.sync_block): """GF(3) Trit Tagger for RF signals""" def __init__(self, center_freq=100e6): gr.sync_block.__init__( self, name='GF3 Trit Tagger', in_sig=[np.complex64], out_sig=[np.complex64] ) self.center_freq = center_freq self.trit = self._freq_to_trit(center_freq) def _freq_to_trit(self, freq): """Map frequency to GF(3) trit""" # Frequency bands: VHF=+1, UHF=0, SHF=-1 if freq < 300e6: # VHF return 1 elif freq < 3e9: # UHF return 0 else: # SHF+ return -1 def work(self, input_items, output_items): # Tag with trit metadata self.add_item_tag( 0, # output port self.nitems_written(0), pmt.intern("trit"), pmt.from_long(self.trit) ) output_items[0][:] = input_items[0] return len(output_items[0]) ``` ## Flowgraph Examples ### FM Radio Receiver ```python #!/usr/bin/env python3 # FM Radio with GF(3) tagging from gnuradio import gr, blocks, analog, audio, filter from gnuradio.filter import firdes import osmosdr class fm_radio(gr.top_block): def __init__(self, freq=100.1e6): gr.top_block.__init__(self, "FM Radio") # Source: RTL-SDR (+1 trit - generation) self.source = osmosdr.source(args="rtl=0") self.source.set_sample_rate(2.4e6) self.source.set_center_freq(freq) self.source.set_gain(40) # Filter: Low-pass (0 trit - processing) self.lpf = filter.fir_filter_ccf( 10, # decimation firdes.low_pass(1, 2.4e6, 100e3, 10e3) ) # Demodulator: WBFM (-1 trit - extraction) self.demod = analog.wbfm_receive( quad_rate=240e3, audio_decimation=5 ) # Sink: Audio (+1 trit - output) self.audio_sink = audio.sink(48000) # Connect flowgraph self.connect(self.source, self.lpf, self.demod, self.audio_sink) if __name__ == '__main__': tb = fm_radio(freq=100.1e6) tb.start() input('Press Enter to stop...') tb.stop() tb.wait() ``` ### Spectrum Analyzer ```python #!/usr/bin/env python3 # Spectrum analyzer with WebSocket output from gnuradio import gr, blocks, fft from gnuradio.fft import window import numpy as np import json class spectrum_analyzer(gr.top_block): def __init__(self, center_freq=100e6, samp_rate=2.4e6): gr.top_block.__init__(self, "Spectrum Analyzer") self.fft_size = 1024 # Source self.source = osmosdr.source(args="rtl=0") self.source.set_sample_rate(samp_rate) self.source.set_center_freq(center_freq) # FFT self.fft = fft.fft_vcc( self.fft_size, True, # forward window.blackmanharris(self.fft_size), True # shift ) # Stream to vector self.s2v = blocks.stream_to_vector( gr.sizeof_gr_complex, self.fft_size ) # Magnitude squared self.mag = blocks.complex_to_mag_squared(self.fft_size) # Python sink for WebSocket self.sink = blocks.probe_signal_vf(self.fft_size) self.connect(self.source, self.s2v, self.fft, self.mag, self.sink) def get_spectrum(self): """Get current spectrum as JSON""" data = self.sink.level() return json.dumps({ 'spectrum': data.tolist(), 'trit': 0, # ERGODIC - measurement 'fft_size': self.fft_size }) ``` ## Integration with Muchas Radio ```python # muchas_radio_sdr.py # Bridge GNU Radio to MPD streaming from gnuradio import gr, audio import subprocess import os class RadioToMPD(gr.top_block): """Stream GNU Radio audio to MPD via FIFO""" def __init__(self, samp_rate=48000): gr.top_block.__init__(self, "Radio to MPD") # Create FIFO for MPD input self.fifo_path = "/tmp/gnuradio_audio.fifo" if not os.path.exists(self.fifo_path): os.mkfifo(self.fifo_path) # Audio source (from demodulator) self.audio_source = audio.source(samp_rate) # File sink to FIFO self.file_sink = blocks.file_sink( gr.sizeof_float, self.fifo_path, False # don't append ) self.connect(self.audio_source, self.file_sink) def start_mpd_stream(self): """Tell MPD to play from FIFO""" subprocess.run([ "mpc", "add", f"file://{self.fifo_path}" ]) subprocess.run(["mpc", "play"]) ``` ## GF(3) Signal Triads ``` ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐ │ GF(3) SIGNAL TRIADS │ ├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤ │ │ │ RF Triad: │ │ Source (+1) ⊗ Channel (0) ⊗ Sink (-1) = 0 ✓ │ │ │ │ Frequency Triad: │ │ VHF (+1) ⊗ UHF (0) ⊗ SHF (-1) = 0 ✓ │ │ │ │ Processing Triad: │ │ Modulate (+1) ⊗ Filter (0) ⊗ Demodulate (-1) = 0 ✓ │ │ │ │ Audio Triad: │ │ Capture (+1) ⊗ Process (0) ⊗ Playback (-1) = 0 ✓ │ │ │ └─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘ ``` ## Hardware Support | Device | Interface | Freq Range | Sample Rate | |--------|-----------|------------|-------------| | RTL-SDR | USB | 24-1766 MHz | 2.4 MS/s | | HackRF | USB | 1-6000 MHz | 20 MS/s | | USRP | USB/Eth | DC-6 GHz | 200 MS/s | | PlutoSDR | USB | 70-6000 MHz | 61.44 MS/s | | LimeSDR | USB | 100k-3.8 GHz | 61.44 MS/s | ## Commands ```bash # Launch GNU Radio Companion (GUI) gnuradio-companion # Run flowgraph from command line python3 my_flowgraph.py # List available blocks gr_modtool info # Create new OOT module gr_modtool newmod my_blocks # Add Python block to module gr_modtool add -t sync -l python my_block # Install OOT module cd build && cmake .. && make && sudo make install ``` ## GR4 (Next Generation) GNU Radio 4.0 brings: - **C++20** with concepts and ranges - **Reflection-based** block definitions - **Graph-based** scheduling - **Better performance** via SIMD ```cpp // GR4 Block example template<typename T> struct Multiply : gr::Block<Multiply<T>> { gr::PortIn<T> in; gr::PortOut<T> out; float factor = 1.0f; gr::work::Status processBulk(auto& ins, auto& outs) { std::ranges::transform(ins, outs.begin(), [this](auto x) { return x * factor; }); return gr::work::Status::OK; } }; ``` ## Related Skills | Skill | Connection | |-------|------------| | `muchas-radio` | Audio streaming integration | | `whitehole-audio` | Audio loopback driver | | `gay-mcp` | GF(3) trit coloring | | `pluscode-zig` | Location-based frequency allocation | | `fokker-planck-analyzer` | Signal diffusion analysis | ## Environment Variables ```bash # GNU Radio paths GR_CONF_CONTROLPORT_ON=True GR_CONF_CONTROLPORT_EDGES_LIST=True PYTHONPATH=/usr/local/lib/python3/dist-packages:$PYTHONPATH # SDR device SOAPY_SDR_ROOT=/usr/local RTL_TCP_SERVER=127.0.0.1:1234 # GF(3) config GR_TRIT_TAGGING=true GR_TRIT_SOURCE=pluscode ``` --- **Skill Name**: gnu-radio **Type**: SDR / Signal Processing / Python **Trit**: -1 (MINUS - signal consumption) **Seed**: 3800 **Key Insight**: Flowgraphs are compositional signal processing with GF(3) conservation **Repository**: github.com/gnuradio/gnuradio --- ## Autopoietic Marginalia > **The interaction IS the skill improving itself.** Every use of this skill is an opportunity for worlding: - **MEMORY** (-1): Record what was learned - **REMEMBERING** (0): Connect patterns to other skills - **WORLDING** (+1): Evolve the skill based on use *Add Interaction Exemplars here as the skill is used.*