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Troubleshoot common Clerk errors and issues. Use when encountering authentication errors, SDK issues, or configuration problems with Clerk. Trigger with phrases like "clerk error", "clerk not working", "clerk authentication failed", "clerk issue", "fix clerk".
默认使用会先检查来源的 Prompt；你也可以切换为直接命令，或下载本地副本。
决定是否安装前，请先阅读 SKILL.md，以及 SkillsMP 当前展示的配套文件。
用 Codex 或 Claude 帮你安装 复制这段 Prompt，粘贴到 Codex、Claude 或其他助手里，让它检查 Skill 页面并帮你完成安装。
直接命令不会经过审查 Prompt；运行前请先检查来源。
npx skills add https://github.com/ComeOnOliver/skillshub --skill clerk-common-errors命令会保持在同一行。复制前请横向滚动并检查完整内容。
想先保存到本地？可下载 SkillsMP 当前能够提供的文件。
Review product and feature risk before an AI coding agent starts implementation.
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Canton Network open-source ecosystem guide covering DAML SDK, Canton runtime, and Splice applications. Use when working with Canton Network, DAML smart contracts, or building decentralized applications.
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| name | clerk-common-errors |
| description | Troubleshoot common Clerk errors and issues. Use when encountering authentication errors, SDK issues, or configuration problems with Clerk. Trigger with phrases like "clerk error", "clerk not working", "clerk authentication failed", "clerk issue", "fix clerk". |
| allowed-tools | Read, Write, Edit, Grep, Bash(npm:*) |
| version | 1.0.0 |
| license | MIT |
| author | Jeremy Longshore <jeremy@intentsolutions.io> |
| compatible-with | claude-code, codex, openclaw |
| tags | ["saas","clerk","authentication"] |
Diagnose and resolve common Clerk authentication errors. Organized by error category with root cause analysis and fix code.
Clerk: Missing publishableKey
// Cause: ClerkProvider not receiving key
// Fix: Ensure env var is set and accessible
// .env.local
NEXT_PUBLIC_CLERK_PUBLISHABLE_KEY=pk_test_...
// Verify in code:
console.log('PK:', process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_CLERK_PUBLISHABLE_KEY) // Should not be undefined
ClerkProvider must wrap your application
// Cause: Clerk hook used outside provider
// Fix: Wrap root layout with ClerkProvider
// app/layout.tsx
import { ClerkProvider } from '@clerk/nextjs'
export default function RootLayout({ children }: { children: React.ReactNode }) {
return (
<ClerkProvider>
<html><body>{children}</body></html>
</ClerkProvider>
)
}
form_identifier_not_found
// Cause: Email not registered in Clerk instance
// Fix: Check correct Clerk instance (dev vs prod) and user exists
// Diagnostic:
import { createClerkClient } from '@clerk/backend'
const clerk = createClerkClient({ secretKey: process.env.CLERK_SECRET_KEY! })
const users = await clerk.users.getUserList({ emailAddress: ['user@example.com'] })
console.log('User found:', users.totalCount > 0)
form_password_incorrect
// Cause: Wrong password or user set up with OAuth only
// Fix: Check auth strategy in Clerk Dashboard
// User may need password reset:
// Dashboard > Users > Select user > Authentication > Reset password
session_exists (Error during sign-in)
// Cause: User already has active session
// Fix: Sign out first or redirect
'use client'
import { useAuth } from '@clerk/nextjs'
import { redirect } from 'next/navigation'
export default function SignInPage() {
const { isSignedIn } = useAuth()
if (isSignedIn) redirect('/dashboard')
// ... render sign-in form
}
Infinite redirect loop
// Cause: Sign-in page not in public routes
// Fix: Add auth pages to public route matcher
import { clerkMiddleware, createRouteMatcher } from '@clerk/nextjs/server'
const isPublicRoute = createRouteMatcher([
'/sign-in(.*)', // Must include sign-in
'/sign-up(.*)', // Must include sign-up
'/',
'/api/webhooks(.*)',
])
export default clerkMiddleware(async (auth, req) => {
if (!isPublicRoute(req)) await auth.protect()
})
auth() was called but Clerk middleware was not detected
// Cause: middleware.ts not in correct location or matcher not matching
// Fix: Ensure middleware.ts is at project root (not inside app/ or src/)
// Verify matcher includes the route:
export const config = {
matcher: [
'/((?!_next|[^?]*\\.(?:html?|css|js(?!on)|jpe?g|webp|png|gif|svg|ttf|woff2?|ico|csv|docx?|xlsx?|zip|webmanifest)).*)',
'/(api|trpc)(.*)',
],
}
useUser() in Server Component
// Error: Hooks can only be called inside a Client Component
// Fix: Use auth()/currentUser() server-side, useUser() client-side
// Server Component (no 'use client'):
import { currentUser } from '@clerk/nextjs/server'
export default async function Page() {
const user = await currentUser()
return <div>{user?.firstName}</div>
}
// Client Component (with 'use client'):
'use client'
import { useUser } from '@clerk/nextjs'
export function Profile() {
const { user } = useUser()
return <div>{user?.firstName}</div>
}
Hydration mismatch with auth state
// Cause: Server renders unauthenticated, client has session
// Fix: Use ClerkLoaded or check isLoaded before rendering auth-dependent UI
'use client'
import { useUser } from '@clerk/nextjs'
export function SafeAuthUI() {
const { user, isLoaded } = useUser()
if (!isLoaded) return <div>Loading...</div> // Prevent hydration mismatch
return <div>{user ? `Hello ${user.firstName}` : 'Not signed in'}</div>
}
Invalid signature on webhook endpoint
// Cause: CLERK_WEBHOOK_SECRET mismatch or body parsing issue
// Fix 1: Verify secret matches Dashboard > Webhooks > Signing Secret
// Fix 2: Read raw body, don't use JSON middleware before verification
// Next.js App Router (correct):
export async function POST(req: Request) {
const body = await req.text() // Use text(), not json()
const wh = new Webhook(process.env.CLERK_WEBHOOK_SECRET!)
const evt = wh.verify(body, { /* svix headers */ })
}
// Express (correct):
app.post('/webhooks', express.raw({ type: 'application/json' }), handler)
// NOT: app.post('/webhooks', express.json(), handler) // This breaks signature
| Error | Cause | Quick Fix |
|---|---|---|
Missing publishableKey | Env var not set | Add NEXT_PUBLIC_CLERK_PUBLISHABLE_KEY to .env.local |
auth() not detected | Middleware missing/misplaced | Move middleware.ts to project root |
| Redirect loop | Auth pages not public | Add sign-in/sign-up to isPublicRoute matcher |
| Hydration mismatch | Server/client state differs | Guard with isLoaded check |
| Webhook invalid signature | Body parsed before verify | Use req.text() not req.json() before wh.verify() |
# 1. Check Clerk packages are installed
npm list @clerk/nextjs 2>/dev/null
# 2. Verify env vars are set
node -e "console.log('PK:', !!process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_CLERK_PUBLISHABLE_KEY, 'SK:', !!process.env.CLERK_SECRET_KEY)"
# 3. Test API connectivity
curl -s -o /dev/null -w "%{http_code}" -H "Authorization: Bearer $CLERK_SECRET_KEY" https://api.clerk.com/v1/users?limit=1
# 4. Check middleware exists at root
ls middleware.ts 2>/dev/null && echo "Found" || echo "Missing - create middleware.ts at project root"
Proceed to clerk-debug-bundle for comprehensive debugging tools.