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macOS post-exploitation for credential harvesting, DTrace monitoring, TCC bypass, and stealth operations via native tools
Windows userland post-exploitation for credential harvesting, monitoring, AMSI/ETW bypass, and stealth operations
Kubernetes post-exploitation for container escape, secret extraction, RBAC abuse, and cluster persistence
基于 SOC 职业分类
| name | cis-gcp-foundations-2.4 |
| description | Ensure Log Metric Filter and Alerts Exist for Project Ownership Assignments/Changes |
| category | cis-gcp-foundations |
| version | 4.0.0 |
| author | cyberstrike-official |
| tags | ["cis","gcp","logging","monitoring","log-metrics","alerts","iam","project-ownership"] |
| cis_id | 2.4 |
| cis_benchmark | CIS Google Cloud Platform Foundation Benchmark v4.0.0 |
| tech_stack | ["gcp"] |
| cwe_ids | [] |
| chains_with | [] |
| prerequisites | [] |
| severity_boost | {} |
In order to prevent unnecessary project ownership assignments to users/service-accounts and further misuses of projects and resources, all roles/Owner assignments should be monitored.
Members (users/Service-Accounts) with a role assignment to primitive role roles/Owner are project owners.
The project owner has all the privileges on the project the role belongs to. These are summarized below:
Granting the owner role to a member (user/Service-Account) will allow that member to modify the Identity and Access Management (IAM) policy. Therefore, grant the owner role only if the member has a legitimate purpose to manage the IAM policy. This is because the project IAM policy contains sensitive access control data. Having a minimal set of users allowed to manage IAM policy will simplify any auditing that may be necessary.
Project ownership has the highest level of privileges on a project. To avoid misuse of project resources, the project ownership assignment/change actions mentioned above should be monitored and alerted to concerned recipients.
role\Owner to a user/service-accountrole\OwnerEnabling logging may result in your project being charged for the additional logs usage.
Ensure that the prescribed log metric is present:
Logging/Log-based Metrics by visiting https://console.cloud.google.com/logs/metrics.User-defined Metrics section, ensure that at least one metric <Log_Metric_Name> is present with filter text:(protoPayload.serviceName="cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com")
AND (ProjectOwnership OR projectOwnerInvitee)
OR (protoPayload.serviceData.policyDelta.bindingDeltas.action="REMOVE"
AND protoPayload.serviceData.policyDelta.bindingDeltas.role="roles/owner")
OR (protoPayload.serviceData.policyDelta.bindingDeltas.action="ADD"
AND protoPayload.serviceData.policyDelta.bindingDeltas.role="roles/owner")
Ensure that the prescribed Alerting Policy is present:
Alerting by visiting https://console.cloud.google.com/monitoring/alerting.Policies section, ensure that at least one alert policy exists for the log metric above. Clicking on the policy should show that it is configured with a condition. For example, Violates when: Any logging.googleapis.com/user/<Log Metric Name> stream is above a threshold of zero(0) for greater than zero(0) seconds means that the alert will trigger for any new owner change. Verify that the chosen alerting thresholds make sense for your organization.Ensure that the prescribed log metric is present:
gcloud logging metrics list --format json
(protoPayload.serviceName="cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com")
AND (ProjectOwnership OR projectOwnerInvitee)
OR (protoPayload.serviceData.policyDelta.bindingDeltas.action="REMOVE"
AND protoPayload.serviceData.policyDelta.bindingDeltas.role="roles/owner")
OR (protoPayload.serviceData.policyDelta.bindingDeltas.action="ADD"
AND protoPayload.serviceData.policyDelta.bindingDeltas.role="roles/owner")
metricDescriptor.type for the identified metric, in the format logging.googleapis.com/user/<Log Metric Name>.Ensure that the prescribed alerting policy is present:
gcloud alpha monitoring policies list --format json
conditions.conditionThreshold.filter is set to metric.type=\"logging.googleapis.com/user/<Log Metric Name>\"enabled is set to trueA log metric filter exists matching the project ownership filter, and at least one alert policy is configured and enabled for it.
Create the prescribed log metric:
Logging/Logs-based Metrics by visiting https://console.cloud.google.com/logs/metrics and click "CREATE METRIC".Filter Bar at the rightmost corner and select Convert to Advanced Filter.(protoPayload.serviceName="cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com")
AND (ProjectOwnership OR projectOwnerInvitee)
OR (protoPayload.serviceData.policyDelta.bindingDeltas.action="REMOVE"
AND protoPayload.serviceData.policyDelta.bindingDeltas.role="roles/owner")
OR (protoPayload.serviceData.policyDelta.bindingDeltas.action="ADD"
AND protoPayload.serviceData.policyDelta.bindingDeltas.role="roles/owner")
Submit Filter. The logs display based on the filter text entered by the user.Metric Editor menu on the right, fill out the name field. Set Units to 1 (default) and the Type to Counter. This ensures that the log metric counts the number of log entries matching the advanced logs query.Create Metric.Create the display prescribed Alert Policy:
User-defined Metrics at https://console.cloud.google.com/logs/metrics.Create alert from Metric. A new page opens.Save. Choose the alerting threshold and configuration that makes sense for the user's organization. For example, a threshold of zero(0) for the most recent value will ensure that a notification is triggered for every owner change in the project:Set `Aggregator` to `Count`
Set `Configuration`:
- Condition: above
- Threshold: 0
- For: most recent value
Notifications.Save.Create a prescribed Log Metric:
gcloud beta logging metrics createCreate prescribed Alert Policy:
gcloud alpha monitoring policies createBy default, no log metrics and alert policies are configured.
role/owner is directly performed on service accounts.| Controls Version | Control | IG 1 | IG 2 | IG 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| v8 | 8.2 Collect Audit Logs | x | x | x |
| v7 | 6.2 Activate audit logging | x | x | x |
Level 1