prisma

name	prisma
description	Prisma ORM patterns, schema design, migrations, relations, transactions, raw queries, and production optimization
layer	domain
category	database
triggers	["prisma","prisma client","prisma schema","prisma migrate","prisma relations"]
inputs	["Data model requirements","Query patterns","Migration needs"]
outputs	["Prisma schema definitions","Type-safe query patterns","Migration strategies"]
linksTo	["postgresql","nodejs","graphql","microservices"]
linkedFrom	["error-handling","testing"]
preferredNextSkills	["postgresql","nodejs","redis"]
fallbackSkills	["drizzle","supabase"]
riskLevel	low
memoryReadPolicy	selective
memoryWritePolicy	none
sideEffects	[]

Prisma Domain Skill

Purpose

Provide expert-level guidance on Prisma ORM, including schema design, relations, migrations, transactions, advanced querying, performance optimization, and production deployment patterns.

Key Patterns

1. Schema Design

// schema.prisma
generator client {
  provider        = "prisma-client-js"
  previewFeatures = ["fullTextSearchPostgres", "relationJoins"]
}

datasource db {
  provider = "postgresql"
  url      = env("DATABASE_URL")
}

// Base mixin pattern (use @@map for snake_case table names)
model User {
  id        String   @id @default(cuid())
  email     String   @unique
  name      String
  role      Role     @default(MEMBER)
  isActive  Boolean  @default(true) @map("is_active")

  // Relations
  posts     Post[]
  profile   Profile?
  sessions  Session[]

  // Audit fields
  createdAt DateTime @default(now()) @map("created_at")
  updatedAt DateTime @updatedAt @map("updated_at")
  deletedAt DateTime? @map("deleted_at")

  // Indexes
  @@index([email, isActive])
  @@index([role, createdAt(sort: Desc)])
  @@map("users")
}

enum Role {
  ADMIN
  MEMBER
  VIEWER
}

model Post {
  id          String   @id @default(cuid())
  title       String
  slug        String   @unique
  content     String
  published   Boolean  @default(false)
  publishedAt DateTime? @map("published_at")

  // Relations
  author      User     @relation(fields: [authorId], references: [id], onDelete: Cascade)
  authorId    String   @map("author_id")
  categories  CategoriesOnPosts[]
  tags        String[]

  createdAt   DateTime @default(now()) @map("created_at")
  updatedAt   DateTime @updatedAt @map("updated_at")

  // Compound index for common queries
  @@index([authorId, published, createdAt(sort: Desc)])
  @@index([published, publishedAt(sort: Desc)])
  @@map("posts")
}

model Category {
  id    String @id @default(cuid())
  name  String @unique
  slug  String @unique
  posts CategoriesOnPosts[]

  @@map("categories")
}

// Explicit many-to-many for extra fields
model CategoriesOnPosts {
  post       Post     @relation(fields: [postId], references: [id], onDelete: Cascade)
  postId     String   @map("post_id")
  category   Category @relation(fields: [categoryId], references: [id], onDelete: Cascade)
  categoryId String   @map("category_id")
  assignedAt DateTime @default(now()) @map("assigned_at")

  @@id([postId, categoryId])
  @@map("categories_on_posts")
}

model Profile {
  id     String  @id @default(cuid())
  bio    String?
  avatar String?
  user   User    @relation(fields: [userId], references: [id], onDelete: Cascade)
  userId String  @unique @map("user_id")

  @@map("profiles")
}

2. Client Initialization and Extensions

import { PrismaClient, Prisma } from '@prisma/client';


 globalForPrisma = globalThis    { :  };

  prisma =
  globalForPrisma. ??
   ({
    : process.. === 
      ? [, , ]
      : [],
  });

 (process.. !== ) globalForPrisma. = prisma;


 prismaWithSoftDelete = prisma.$extends({
  : {
    : {
       () {
        args. = { ...args., :  };
         (args);
      },
       () {
        args. = { ...args., :  };
         (args);
      },
       () {
        
         prisma[model  ].({
          : args.,
          : { :  () },
        });
      },
    },
  },
});


 prismaWithLogging = prisma.$extends({
  : {
    : {
       $allOperations({ operation, model, args, query }) {
         start = performance.();
         result =  (args);
         duration = performance.() - start;

         (duration > ) {
          .();
        }

         result;
      },
    },
  },
});