菜单
When the user wants to configure, audit, or optimize robots.txt. Also use when the user mentions "robots.txt," "crawler rules," "block crawlers," "AI crawlers," "GPTBot," "allow/disallow," "disallow path," "crawl directives," "user-agent," "block Googlebot," "fix robots.txt," "robots.txt blocking," or "search engine crawling." For indexing, use indexing.
When the user wants to create SEO pages at scale using templates and data—including AI-assisted, grounded copy for per-URL differentiation (vs rigid mail-merge templates). Also use when the user mentions "programmatic SEO," "programmatic SEO pages," "template pages," "scale content," "location pages," "city pages," "comparison pages at scale," "X vs Y pages," "integration pages," "pages from data," "automated landing pages," or "programmatic landing pages." Uses a playbook matrix aligned to skills under skills/pages. For user-facing template galleries or marketplaces (browse → use), use template-page-generator.
When the user wants to create, audit, or optimize sitemap.xml. Also use when the user mentions "sitemap," "sitemap.xml," "sitemap index," "lastmod," "changefreq," "priority," "URL discovery," "URL discovery for search engines," "single source of truth," "URL config," "unify sitemap IndexNow," or "reduce duplicate maintenance." For IndexNow, use indexnow.
When the user wants to create or optimize a cookie policy page. Also use when the user mentions "cookie policy," "cookies," "cookie consent," "GDPR cookies," "cookie banner," "cookie notice," "tracking cookies," or "cookie settings." For legal overview, use legal-page-generator.
When the user wants to create, optimize, or structure legal pages (Privacy, Terms, etc.). Also use when the user mentions "privacy policy," "terms of service," "legal pages," "cookie policy," "terms and conditions," "legal footer," "legal section," "compliance pages," or "legal requirements." For Privacy Policy content, use privacy-page-generator. For Terms of Service, use terms-page-generator. For Cookie Policy, use cookie-policy-page-generator.
When the user wants to create, optimize, or structure Privacy Policy page. Also use when the user mentions "privacy policy," "privacy page," "data protection," "GDPR compliance," "privacy notice," "data privacy," "CCPA," "cookie policy," or "personal data." For legal overview page, use legal-page-generator.
When the user wants to create or optimize a refund or return policy page. Also use when the user mentions "refund policy," "return policy," "money-back guarantee," "returns and refunds," "refund page," "return process," "refund terms," "satisfaction guarantee," "cancellation policy," or "withdrawal right." For legal overview, use legal-page-generator.
| name | robots-txt |
| description | When the user wants to configure, audit, or optimize robots.txt. Also use when the user mentions "robots.txt," "crawler rules," "block crawlers," "AI crawlers," "GPTBot," "allow/disallow," "disallow path," "crawl directives," "user-agent," "block Googlebot," "fix robots.txt," "robots.txt blocking," or "search engine crawling." For indexing, use indexing. |
| metadata | {"version":"1.2.0"} |
Guides configuration and auditing of robots.txt for search engine and AI crawler control.
When invoking: On first use, if helpful, open with 1–2 sentences on what this skill covers and why it matters, then provide the main output. On subsequent use or when the user asks to skip, go directly to the main output.
Check for project context first: If .claude/project-context.md or .cursor/project-context.md exists, read it for site URL and indexing goals.
Identify:
https://example.com)| Point | Note |
|---|---|
| Purpose | Controls crawler access; does NOT prevent indexing (disallowed URLs may still appear in search without snippet) |
| Advisory | Rules are advisory; malicious crawlers may ignore |
| Public | robots.txt is publicly readable; use noindex or auth for sensitive content. See indexing |
| Tool | Controls | Prevents indexing? |
|---|---|---|
| robots.txt | Crawl (path-level) | No—blocked URLs may still appear in SERP |
| noindex (meta / X-Robots-Tag) | Index (page-level) | Yes. See indexing |
| nofollow | Link equity only | No—does not control indexing |
| Use | Tool | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Path-level (whole directory) | robots.txt | Disallow: /admin/, Disallow: /api/, Disallow: /staging/ |
| Page-level (specific pages) | noindex meta / X-Robots-Tag | Login, signup, thank-you, 404, legal. See indexing for full list |
| Critical | Do NOT block in robots.txt | Pages that use noindex—crawlers must access the page to read the directive |
Paths to block in robots.txt: /admin/, /api/, /staging/, temp files. Paths to use noindex (allow crawl): /login/, /signup/, /thank-you/, etc.—see indexing.
| Item | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Path | Site root: https://example.com/robots.txt |
| Encoding | UTF-8 plain text |
| Standard | RFC 9309 (Robots Exclusion Protocol) |
| Directive | Purpose | Example |
|---|---|---|
User-agent: | Target crawler | User-agent: Googlebot, User-agent: * |
Disallow: | Block path prefix | Disallow: /admin/ |
Allow: | Allow path (can override Disallow) | Allow: /public/ |
Sitemap: | Declare sitemap absolute URL | Sitemap: https://example.com/sitemap.xml |
Clean-param: | Strip query params (Yandex) | See below |
Different directives use different path formats — a common source of errors:
| Directive | Format | Correct | Wrong |
|---|---|---|---|
| Disallow / Allow | Root-relative path only (starts with /) | Disallow: /admin/ | Disallow: https://example.com/admin/ |
| Sitemap | Absolute URL only | Sitemap: https://example.com/sitemap.xml | Sitemap: /sitemap.xml |
Wildcards: * matches any character sequence (Disallow: /tmp/*). $ marks exact URL ending (Allow: /news/.html$).
Priority: More specific paths take precedence. Allow: /shop/shoes/ overrides Disallow: /shop/. Path matching is case-sensitive: Disallow: /PDF/ does not match /pdf/.
| Do not block | Reason |
|---|---|
| CSS, JS, images | Google needs them to render pages; blocking breaks indexing |
/_next/ (Next.js) | Breaks CSS/JS loading; static assets in GSC "Crawled - not indexed" is expected. See indexing |
| Pages that use noindex | Crawlers must access the page to read the noindex directive; blocking in robots.txt prevents that |
Only block: paths that don't need crawling: /admin/, /api/, /staging/, temp files.
robots.txt is effective for all measured AI crawlers. Set rules per user-agent; check each vendor's docs for current tokens.
| User-agent | Purpose | Typical | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| OAI-SearchBot | ChatGPT search | Allow | Respects robots.txt |
| GPTBot | OpenAI training | Disallow | Respects robots.txt; shares crawl data with OAI-SearchBot if both allowed |
| ChatGPT-User | User-initiated browsing | N/A | No longer respects robots.txt (Dec 2025); use server-side controls instead |
| Claude-SearchBot | Claude search | Allow | Respects robots.txt |
| Claude-User | Anthropic user-initiated browsing | Allow | Respects robots.txt (unlike ChatGPT-User) |
| ClaudeBot | Anthropic training | Disallow | Respects robots.txt |
Deprecated:
anthropic-ai— retired by Anthropic, replaced by ClaudeBot / Claude-User / Claude-SearchBot. References toanthropic-aiin robots.txt have no effect. | PerplexityBot | Perplexity search | Allow | Respects robots.txt | | Google-Extended | Gemini training | Disallow | Respects robots.txt | | CCBot | Common Crawl (LLM training) | Disallow | Respects robots.txt | | Bytespider | ByteDance | Disallow | Respects robots.txt | | Meta-ExternalAgent | Meta | Disallow | Respects robots.txt | | AppleBot | Apple (Siri, Spotlight); renders JS | Allow for indexing | Respects robots.txt |
Allow vs Disallow: Allow search/indexing bots (OAI-SearchBot, Claude-SearchBot, PerplexityBot); Disallow training-only bots (GPTBot, ClaudeBot, CCBot) if you don't want content used for model training.
Important — ChatGPT-User exemption: As of December 2025, ChatGPT-User no longer respects robots.txt directives. OpenAI considers it a proxy for human-initiated browsing. If you need to block it, use server-side controls (WAF rules, IP rate-limiting), not robots.txt. See site-crawlability for AI crawler optimization (SSR, URL management).
Clean-param: utm_source&utm_medium&utm_campaign&utm_term&utm_content&ref&fbclid&gclid