| name | agent-council |
| description | Multi-agent structured debate system. Spawn a panel of expert agents to debate any question, with convergence-aware iteration and typed synthesis output. Run via `agent-council` CLI. Compatible with any AI agent harness that supports agentskills.io skills (Claude Code, Cursor, Hermes Agent, OpenHands, etc.). |
| license | MIT |
| compatibility | Requires Python 3.10+ and pydantic-ai. CLI tool installs via pip. |
| metadata | {"source":"https://github.com/magnus919/agent-skills/tree/main/agent-council","spec-version":"1.1"} |
Agent Council
Spawn a panel of expert agents to debate any question. The council runs a structured protocol — compose, premortem, position, cross-examination (iterative), synthesis — and produces a decision landscape with convergence diagnostics.
When to Use
Invoke the council when any of these apply:
- The question has genuine tradeoffs with no clear correct answer
- You want multi-perspective analysis to surface hidden assumptions
- A decision would benefit from adversarial collaboration
- You want confidence diagnostics (not just a recommendation)
- The question has high stakes or irreversible consequences
Signal phrases: "Let's get multiple perspectives on this" / "Debate this: X" / "What would experts say about X" / "What are we missing?"
Quick Start
1. Install
pip install pydantic-ai
pip install agent-council
python3 scripts/bootstrap.py
2. Configure
export AGENT_COUNCIL_API_KEY="sk-..."
export AGENT_COUNCIL_MODEL="openai:gpt-5.6-luna"
3. Run
agent-council "Should we use Postgres or SQLite for this service?"
Command Reference
agent-council [OPTIONS] <question>
Options:
--agents, -n {3,4,5,6,7} Number of agents (default: 5)
--mode, -m {quick,medium,deep} Debate depth (default: medium)
--profiles TEXT Comma-separated profile names from the hermes-profiles
library (e.g. "debugger,researcher,product-manager")
--persona-file PATH JSON file with custom agent personas
--json Output structured JSON instead of markdown
--verbose, -v Show phase-by-phase progress
--max-rounds INTEGER Max cross-examination rounds (default: 4)
--convergence FLOAT Convergence threshold (default: 0.10)
Mode Selection
| Mode | Agents | Rounds | When to use |
|---|
quick | 3 | 1 cross-examine round | Low-stakes check, fast answer needed |
medium (default) | 5 | Eval-driven, up to 4 rounds | Standard decisions |
deep | 7 | Eval-driven, up to 4 rounds | High-stakes, hidden assumptions |
Profile Selection
In a recursive source checkout, the council auto-selects relevant real professional profiles from the included hermes-profiles library. Each profile has a SOUL.md — an identity document with real methodology, values, and operating principles — rather than a fabricated persona. Pip and wheel installs do not bundle that library; use generated or user-supplied personas instead.
Auto-selection
When no --profiles flag is given, the council scores each profile's description against your question using keyword overlap. The top N most relevant profiles are selected. This works best for focused, single-domain questions.
Explicit selection
agent-council --profiles debugger,data-scientist,product-manager "What architecture should we choose?"
Comma-separated profile names. Available profiles include: ceo, cfo, cmo, coo, cpo, cto, curator, data-architect, data-engineer, data-scientist, debugger, editor, frontend-engineer, ml-engineer, orchestrator, product-manager, researcher, reviewer, security-engineer, site-reliability-engineer, technical-architect, technical-writer, ux-designer, verifier, wonderer, writer, and more.
Choosing a Profile Source
Three ways to populate the council, with different tradeoffs:
| Method | Best for | Diversity | Setup |
|---|
--profiles (auto-select) | Single-domain questions with clear keywords | High — profiles have real SOUL.md methodology | Recursive source checkout required |
--profiles name1,name2 | Targeted debates where you know the stakeholders | Highest — you pick specific methodological voices | Recursive source checkout and profile names |
--persona-file file.json | Full control over agent identities, custom domains | Variable — depends on how you design them | Create a JSON file |
| Auto (no flag) | Default — uses profiles if available, falls back to generated | Good — varies with available profiles | No setup for generated personas; recursive source checkout for real profiles |
For most cases, let it auto-select or use --profiles with 3-5 names. Only use --persona-file when you need specific invented expertise that doesn't map to any existing profile.
Custom personas (fallback)
If the profile library is unavailable or you want full control, use --persona-file to supply your own persona definitions. If neither --profiles nor --persona-file is provided, the council auto-selects profiles from the library; if the library is missing, it falls back to LLM-generated personas.
How It Works
Pipeline
Compose ──► Premortem ──► Position ──► Cross-examine ──► [eval] ──► Synthesis
(1) (parallel) (parallel) (iterative loop) ↑ (1)
┌── converged ──────┐
├── diminishing_ret │
eval ───────────┼── genuine_disagr──┼──► Synthesis
└── continue ───────┘
↓
Cross-examine (next round)
Phases
| Phase | What happens | Method |
|---|
| Compose | A single LLM call generates N expert personas tuned to the question | 1 call |
| Premortem | Each agent independently imagines how the decision already failed — bypasses positional commitment bias | N parallel calls |
| Position | Each agent forms an independent position, referencing their own premortem | N parallel calls |
| Cross-examine | Each agent reads all other positions and responds — concedes, disagrees, updates confidence | N parallel calls per round |
| Eval | Convergence detection: measures dispersion, argument novelty, concession rate. Decides whether to loop or stop | Algorithmic |
| Synthesis | Collates all phases into a structured decision landscape with LLM-generated narrative | 1 call |
Convergence Detection
The council doesn't use a fixed number of rounds. After each cross-examination round, it measures:
- Confidence dispersion — standard deviation of agent confidence scores. Below threshold = converged.
- Argument novelty — new arguments not seen in prior rounds. Near zero = diminishing returns.
- Concession rate — points where agents shifted position. Zero + no new arguments = stalled.
Stopping conditions:
| Condition | Meaning |
|---|
converged | Dispersion below threshold, confidence stable. Genuine agreement. |
diminishing_returns | No new arguments or concessions. Nothing more to surface. |
genuine_disagreement | Dispersion widened, positions hardened. Summary of irreducible tension. |
max_rounds | Hard cap reached. Inconclusive — principal must decide. |
Bootstrapping
If agent-council is not available on PATH, the invoking agent should run:
python3 scripts/bootstrap.py
This installs the package from the skill directory using the current Python's pip, falling back to pipx. No PyPI dependency for the bootstrap path — the package ships inside the skill directory.
If bootstrap fails: Run one of these manually:
pip install pydantic-ai
pip install agent-council
python3 -m pip install -e /path/to/agent-council/
Configuration
| Env var | Required | Default | Description |
|---|
AGENT_COUNCIL_API_KEY | Yes | — | API key for your LLM provider |
AGENT_COUNCIL_MODEL | No | openai:gpt-5.6-luna | Model string (provider/model) |
AGENT_COUNCIL_BASE_URL | No | Provider default | Custom API endpoint (OpenRouter, LiteLLM, etc.) |
You can set these as environment variables or create a .env file in the directory you run agent-council from:
AGENT_COUNCIL_API_KEY=sk-...
AGENT_COUNCIL_MODEL=openai:gpt-5.6-luna
Environment variables take precedence over .env file values.
Model strings follow PydanticAI convention: openai:gpt-5.6-luna, anthropic:claude-sonnet-4-20250514, deepseek:deepseek-v4-flash, google:gemini-2.0-flash.
Output
The synthesis report is a structured decision landscape. In markdown mode it includes:
- Confidence dispersion table — per-round confidence metrics with diagnostic
- Shared risks — failure modes from the pre-mortem (pre-positional, uncontaminated)
- Shared concerns — what survived cross-examination as genuine shared risk
- Remaining disagreements — positions that did not resolve
- Assumptions per position — what must hold for each position to be valid
- Principal's path — narrative synthesis of the decision landscape
Use --json for programmatic consumption. The JSON output follows this structure:
{
"question": "string",
"mode": "quick|medium|deep",
"num_agents": 3,
"rounds_completed": 2,
"stopped_reason": "converged|max_rounds|diminishing_returns|genuine_disagreement",
"confidence_history": [
{"round": 1, "mean_confidence": 0.74, "dispersion": 0.061, "new_arguments": 20, "concessions_made": 17}
],
"shared_risks": [{"description": "...", "severity": "low|medium|high", "phase_discovered": "premortem"}],
"shared_concerns": ["..."],
"disagreements": [{"topic": "...", "positions": {"agent_a": "position_a", "agent_b": "position_b"}}],
"assumptions_per_position": {"agent_name": ["assumption1", "assumption2"]},
"principal_path": "narrative text"
}
Claims Verification
Every synthesis output includes a post-debate verification scan. A separate LLM call reads the narrative synthesis and identifies any claims about verifiable external facts (domain availability, package namespace status, pricing, statistics) that the debate could not have verified from its own reasoning. Flagged claims are appended as a ⚠️ Claims Not Verified section:
⚠️ Claims Not Verified
The following assertions in this synthesis could not be verified
by the council's own reasoning and should be checked before acting:
• "Dialekt passes all five checks..." — domain availability:
No evidence the council checked domain registries
This is not a rejection of the synthesis — it is a quality signal. Claims in this section should be treated as hypotheses to verify, not as facts.
Reading the Convergence Diagnostic
The confidence dispersion table tells you whether the debate was productive:
| Pattern | Meaning | What to do |
|---|
| Mean confidence DROPPED, dispersion WIDENED | Council surfaced genuine doubt — healthy debate | Trust the shared concerns; investigate the newly surfaced risks |
| Mean confidence ROSE, dispersion NARROWED | Genuine convergence — agents convinced each other | The strongest signal; highest-confidence path forward |
| Mean confidence STABLE, dispersion NARROWED | Possible false consensus — agents agreed before debating | Probe the assumptions section for shared blind spots |
| Mean confidence ROSE, dispersion WIDENED | Polarization — agents became more entrenched | The question may be genuinely irresolvable by argument alone; look for an experimental path |
stopped_reason: converged | Dispersion fell below threshold | Good — run with the recommendation |
stopped_reason: max_rounds | Hit hard cap before converging | The debate was cut off; consider a second run with --max-rounds higher or --mode quick for faster convergence |
stopped_reason: diminishing_returns | No new arguments surfaced | The council exhausted what it could discover — make a call |
stopped_reason: genuine_disagreement | Positions hardened, dispersion widened | The council could not resolve the tension. The output is valuable precisely because it maps irreconcilable disagreement — read the disagreements section carefully |
Pitfalls
| Symptom | Cause | Fix |
|---|
| Debate fails with "Exceeded maximum output retries" | Model couldn't produce valid structured output for a phase | Retry the debate. If persistent, try a different model or add --verbose to see which agent failed. |
| Debate runs for 5+ minutes with no output | DeepSeek or slow model with many agents | Use --mode quick --agents 3 for fast turnarounds, or use --verbose to see progress in real time. |
| All agents agree immediately with high confidence | False consensus — same model shares blind spots | Check the dispersion diagnostic. Try --profiles with diverse identities to force methodological diversity. |
| "Profile X not found" warning | Typo in profile name | Run agent-council --profiles list (or check the profiles list above) for valid names. |
| Synthesis contains obvious factual errors | Agents fabricated claims during debate | Check the ⚠️ Claims Not Verified section. The guardrail reduces fabrication but cannot eliminate it. Verify any statistics, pricing, or availability claims before acting. |
Architecture Decision
Single-model debate: All agents share one LLM configuration. Diversity comes from persona definitions (system prompts with distinct backgrounds, analytical approaches, biases), not from different model instances. This minimizes setup friction — one API key, one endpoint, predictable cost.
Limitation: All agents share the model's knowledge cutoff and blind spots. The convergence diagnostics include a "possible false consensus" flag when confidence starts high and never shifts.
Reference Files
| File | Load when |
|---|
references/convergence.md | Understanding the convergence detection algorithm |
references/debate-protocol.md | Deep dive into phase structure and round design |
references/configuration.md | Provider setup, troubleshooting, model strings |
Directory Structure
agent-council/
├── SKILL.md # This file — skill entry point
├── pyproject.toml # Pip package definition
├── README.md
├── LICENSE # MIT
├── agent_council/ # Python package
│ ├── cli.py # CLI entry point
│ ├── config.py # Env var loading
│ ├── state.py # Typed state + Pydantic models
│ ├── convergence.py # Convergence detection
│ ├── graph.py # Debate graph orchestration
│ └── phases/
│ ├── compose.py # Persona generation
│ ├── premortem.py # Failure pre-mortem
│ ├── position.py # Initial positions
│ ├── cross_examine.py # Iterative cross-examination
│ └── synthesis.py # Decision landscape
├── scripts/
│ └── bootstrap.py # First-run installation
├── templates/
│ └── personas.json # Example custom personas
└── references/
├── convergence.md
├── debate-protocol.md
└── configuration.md
Related Skills
- ai-frameworks — umbrella bundle for all AI framework skills. Load this when comparing agent-council against other multi-agent approaches (LangGraph, AutoGen, CrewAI).
- langgraph — for complex state-machine multi-agent orchestration beyond the debate protocol
- pydanticai — the underlying framework for type-safe agent definitions
- spec-driven-development — for building specs that agent-council can help you evaluate
- hermes-profiles — the 39-profile library that powers the profile selection system
