Use after the analytical sections exist but before final assembly or presentation.
Use when a plan feels sectionally strong but not yet thesis-driven.
Use when the work needs McKinsey-style governing logic, issue trees, and decision framing.
Use after meta-critical-thinking-business-logic has exposed assumptions, countercases, achievability gaps, and cross-section contradictions.
Do Not Use When
Do not use before the core sections contain enough substance to synthesise.
Do not use as a substitute for fixing factual weaknesses in the underlying analysis.
Do not use to polish prose before the governing argument is clear.
For meta-consulting-synthesis, route to the relevant plan-section skill instead when the request is section drafting rather than cross-section analysis.
Required Inputs
Input
Source / provider
Required?
If absent
Consulting Synthesis brief and decision audience
Client, plan owner, or approved project files
Yes
Stop before making a recommendation; state the missing decision context.
Claims, assumptions, and supporting evidence
Source register, model, research notes, interviews, or operating records
Yes
Separate known facts from assumptions and return a qualified gap list.
Authority and delivery constraints
Requesting owner and repository instructions
Yes
Remain read-only and produce a draft or review only.
Draft or final core plan sections
Target audience and decision type
Key numbers, risks, and ask
Any known contradictions, objections, or weak evidence areas
Findings from meta-critical-thinking-business-logic where available
Workflow
Define the decision the document must help the reader make.
Write the top-line governing thesis.
Break the case into MECE branches and hypotheses.
Check that claim, evidence, warrant, assumption, countercase, and implication are explicit for the load-bearing branches.
Rebuild the storyline around evidence, implications, and remaining proof burdens.
Surface contradictions and gaps across sections.
Produce the rewrite priorities and audience-specific close.
Decision, stop, and recovery controls
Decision point: confirm that the requested output is the decision-grade investment storyline and that the decision concerns the governing thesis and evidence sequence.
Stop condition: halt the affected conclusion if required evidence is missing (completed sections, governing question, and contradiction list) or if the work could lead to this identified risk: creating a polished narrative that leaves cross-section contradictions intact.
Recovery: obtain the missing record or reviewer, repeat the affected check, and update the exception record before release.
Quality Bar
The document reads as one investment or decision case, not stitched sections.
The top-line thesis is explicit and supportable.
Headings and opening lines make conclusions clear.
Contradictions are exposed and resolved rather than buried.
The final storyline is achievable under the plan's market, operating, financial, funding, and risk constraints.
Anti-Patterns
Treating synthesis as copy-editing.
Listing topics instead of building a key line of reasons.
Carrying multiple competing theses through the same document.
Hiding the hardest objections instead of addressing them.
Synthesising around an attractive thesis before the business logic has survived the achievability gate.
Applying the wrong neighbouring route to meta consulting synthesis. Correction: confirm the decision and route to the named neighbour before analysis.
Treating an assumption as verified evidence. Correction: label it, cite its source or owner, and assign a verification action.
Recommending action without a decision threshold. Correction: state the measurable acceptance condition and review trigger.
Recording an unavailable check as passed. Correction: mark it not assessed and state the consequence for the decision.
Mutating or publishing during an analysis-only task. Correction: remain read-only until the owner gives explicit authority.
Outputs
Artefact
Consumer
Observable acceptance condition
Consulting Synthesis deliverable
Named decision-maker or plan author
The recommended choice, assumptions, countercase, and next action are explicit.
Evidence and exception register
Reviewer, funder, board, or implementation owner
Every load-bearing claim is sourced or labelled as an assumption; missing checks are not shown as passes.
Governing thesis
Key line or investment case
Issue tree and contradiction list
Rewrite priorities
Audience-specific closing recommendation
Use this skill after the analytical sections are drafted and before final assembly, presentation design, or final executive-summary polishing.
Objective
Turn a collection of good sections into one coherent decision document that reads like a top-tier advisory product rather than a stitched draft.
What to Produce
A single governing thesis
A 3-5 point investment case
A MECE issue tree for the decision
A section-by-section storyline that reconciles all major claims
A contradiction list and rewrite priorities
A decision-ready closing recommendation by audience
Core Method
1. Start with the answer
Write the top-line conclusion first:
[Business] is a [bankable / investable / partnerable] opportunity because [reason 1], [reason 2], and [reason 3], provided [critical condition] is managed.
If that sentence is weak, the plan is not ready. Fix the thinking before polishing prose.
2. Build the issue tree
Break the decision into mutually exclusive, collectively exhaustive branches:
Market attractiveness
Business model and economics
Execution capability
Financing and return profile
Risk and mitigations
Use yes/no or pass/fail questions under each branch. Each branch must lead to a conclusion, not a topic summary.
3. Apply hypothesis-driven review
For each branch, state:
Working hypothesis
Evidence that supports it
Evidence that weakens it
What must still be proven
Do not leave unresolved claims hidden in narrative paragraphs.
4. Force a storyline
Use this progression:
Why this opportunity matters now
Why existing alternatives leave a gap
Why this business can win
Why the economics are credible
Why the risks are manageable
Why the ask is justified now
If any section does not move that sequence forward, cut it or move it to appendices.
5. Rewrite for assertion-evidence logic
Every major paragraph or slide should follow:
Assertion: the conclusion sentence
Evidence: the proof
Implication: why it matters for the decision
Do not use topic headings that merely label content. Prefer conclusion headings.
The executive summary states the same governing thesis as the full plan
Section 04 market claims support Section 10 revenue assumptions
Section 08 operating model supports staffing, capex, and timing assumptions
Section 11 ask and use of funds match Section 13 implementation priorities
Section 12 risks match the actual vulnerabilities in the model
Section 15 contains evidence for every high-stakes claim
Rewrite Output Format
Produce these artifacts in order:
A. Governing Thesis
One sentence only.
B. Key Line
Three to five bullets only. Each bullet must be a stand-alone reason to proceed.
C. Contradictions and Gaps
List the top issues blocking a decision-grade draft.
D. Recommended Rewrite Order
Use this sequence:
Executive summary
Market and competition
Business model and economics
Financials and funding ask
Risks and appendices
E. Audience-Specific Close
Write the exact closing recommendation for the target reader.
Quality Criteria
One thesis, not several competing claims
Key messages are MECE and ordered by importance
Evidence is stronger than adjectives
The document answers the reader's decision, not the writer's need to explain
Headings and first sentences are conclusion-led
Open issues are surfaced, not buried
References
references/consulting-synthesis-framework.md - issue trees, hypothesis-driven problem solving, key-line logic, storyline construction, and assertion-evidence rewriting distilled from McKinsey Mind, The McKinsey Edge, and Strategic Storytelling
../meta-critical-thinking-business-logic/references/reasoning-achievability-gate.md - serious-analysis, mental-model, business-sense, and achievability checks that should precede synthesis
../01-executive-summary/references/pyramid-principle.md - SCQA and top-down structure
../meta-presentation-design/references/data-storytelling.md - visual and narrative rules for turning analytical output into decision-ready exhibits
Sources, calculations, assumptions, countercase, and selected action
A reviewer can trace the selected action and rejected alternatives to the cited inputs.
Exception record
Failed and not-assessed checks with owner and due action
The register exposes every unresolved exception that could lead to creating a polished narrative that leaves cross-section contradictions intact.
Capability and Permission Boundaries
Read supplied records and use non-mutating checks to produce the decision-grade investment storyline; restructuring the supplied narrative without changing source facts is permitted when requested. Do not publish, contact third parties, alter live systems, commit funds, or claim legal, tax, audit, valuation, ESG, or investment assurance without the owner's explicit authorisation and the appropriate reviewer.
Degraded Mode
If completed sections, governing question, and contradiction list cannot be obtained, return a qualified decision-grade investment storyline covering only the checks that remain supportable. Leave this decision unresolved: the governing thesis and evidence sequence. Record the evidence owner and next check; an inaccessible source, tool, or reviewer is never a pass.
Decision Rules
Decision condition
Action
Failure or risk avoided
Evidence is sufficient to decide: the governing thesis and evidence sequence
Record the conclusion, source trail, owner, and review trigger in the decision-grade investment storyline.
Risk of creating a polished narrative that leaves cross-section contradictions intact
Material evidence conflicts or remains uncertain
Draft competing theses against the same evidence and retain the one that explains the countercase and cross-section economics with fewer exceptions.
Selecting an option without resolving the decision-relevant uncertainty
Required evidence is missing: completed sections, governing question, and contradiction list
Mark the decision on the governing thesis and evidence sequence not assessed in the decision-grade investment storyline, and send it to the plan owner and executive sponsor.
Otherwise, the work risks creating a polished narrative that leaves cross-section contradictions intact
Quality Standards
Accept the decision-grade investment storyline only when evidence is sufficient for this decision: the governing thesis and evidence sequence. Assumptions and countercases remain visible, calculations and cross-references reconcile, and the reviewer can see how the recommendation addresses the risk of creating a polished narrative that leaves cross-section contradictions intact.
Worked Example
Market demand appears attractive, but capacity and working capital cap first-year sales. Build the thesis around the staged, financeable entry rather than repeating the market-size claim.