preserve-materials

name	preserve-materials
locale	wenyan
source_locale	en
source_commit	82c77053
translator	Julius Brussee homage — caveman
translation_date	2026-04-26
description	保存與保護圖書館與檔案之材。含環境控制（溫、濕、光）、操作程序、修書術 （頁裂、書背鬆、霉斑）、無酸貯、為保存之數位化、災後復原謀。 立新或既藏之保存修、材有壞徵、設貯之環境控、謀數位化以保脆原、 或為館藏立災後復原謀時用之。
license	MIT
allowed-tools	Read Grep Glob WebFetch WebSearch
metadata	{"author":"Philipp Thoss","version":"1.0","domain":"library-science","complexity":"advanced","language":"natural","tags":"library-science, preservation, conservation, book-repair, archival, acid-free, digitization"}

保存材料

以環境控制、適操、修術、災備保存與保護圖書與檔案之材。

用時

• 立新或既藏之保存修
• 材有壞徵（霉斑、脆、訂鬆）
• 需設貯或展區之環境控
• 謀數位化以保脆原
• 為館或檔案需災後復原謀

入

• 必要：欲保之材（書、稿、照、圖、媒）
• 必要：當前貯況（溫、濕、光曝）
• 可選：保存料具之預算
• 可選：數位化具（掃、相、軟）
• 可選：既藏之況察

法

第一步：察當前況

察環境與材以立基線。

Environmental Assessment Checklist:
+-----------------------+------------------+---------------------+
| Factor                | Ideal Range      | Measure With        |
+-----------------------+------------------+---------------------+
| Temperature           | 18-21°C          | Thermometer with    |
|                       | (65-70°F)        | min/max recording   |
+-----------------------+------------------+---------------------+
| Relative Humidity     | 30-50% RH        | Hygrometer or       |
|                       |                  | datalogger          |
+-----------------------+------------------+---------------------+
| Light (storage)       | <50 lux          | Light meter         |
|                       | No UV            |                     |
+-----------------------+------------------+---------------------+
| Light (display)       | <200 lux         | Light meter +       |
|                       | UV filtered      | UV filter readings  |
+-----------------------+------------------+---------------------+
| Air quality           | Low dust, no     | Visual inspection,  |
|                       | pollutants       | HVAC filter check   |
+-----------------------+------------------+---------------------+

Material Condition Survey (sample 10% of collection):
- Excellent: No visible damage, binding intact, pages flexible
- Good: Minor wear, slight yellowing, binding sound
- Fair: Moderate foxing, some loose pages, spine cracked
- Poor: Brittle pages, detached covers, active mold or pest damage
- Critical: Pages fragmenting, structural failure, immediate intervention needed

Record the percentage in each condition category.

得：環境況與材健之基線數，識即時險與長期趨。

敗則：若監測具不可得，用五金店之基本溫濕計。粗數遠勝無數。優監濕——其為單一最害之環境因。

第二步：立環境控

立並維緩壞之況。

Environmental Control Priorities (in order of impact):

1. HUMIDITY CONTROL (most critical)
   - Target: 30-50% RH, with <5% daily fluctuation
   - Too high (>60%): mold growth, foxing, warping
   - Too low (<25%): brittleness, cracking, flaking
   - Solutions: dehumidifier, humidifier, HVAC control, silica gel
   - Monitor continuously with datalogger

2. TEMPERATURE CONTROL
   - Target: 18-21°C (65-70°F), with <3°C daily fluctuation
   - Lower is better for long-term preservation (slows chemical decay)
   - Stability matters more than exact temperature
   - Never store near exterior walls, heating vents, or pipes

3. LIGHT MANAGEMENT
   - UV radiation causes irreversible fading and embrittlement
   - Filter all windows with UV film (blocks >99% UV)
   - Use LED lighting (no UV emission) instead of fluorescent
   - Keep lights off in storage areas when not in use
   - Display items on rotation (3-6 months on, then rest)

4. AIR QUALITY
   - HVAC filters: minimum MERV 8, ideally MERV 13
   - No food or drink near materials
   - Avoid off-gassing materials (fresh paint, new carpet, cardboard)
   - Ensure air circulation to prevent microclimate pockets

5. PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM)
   - Inspect incoming materials before shelving
   - Sticky traps at floor level, checked monthly
   - No cardboard boxes (pest habitat) — use archival containers
   - If pests found: isolate affected items, freeze treatment
     (-20°C for 72 hours kills most book pests)