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Master MongoDB replication, replica sets, and sharding for distributed deployments. Learn failover, shard keys, and cluster management. Use when setting up high availability or scaling horizontally.
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| name | mongodb-replication-sharding |
| version | 2.1.0 |
| description | Master MongoDB replication, replica sets, and sharding for distributed deployments. Learn failover, shard keys, and cluster management. Use when setting up high availability or scaling horizontally. |
| sasmp_version | 1.3.0 |
| bonded_agent | 05-mongodb-replication-sharding |
| bond_type | PRIMARY_BOND |
| capabilities | ["replica-set-setup","sharding-configuration","failover-management","shard-key-design","cluster-monitoring"] |
| input_validation | {"required_context":["deployment_type","availability_requirements"],"optional_context":["data_size","geographic_distribution","rpo_rto_targets"]} |
| output_format | {"topology_design":"object","configuration_steps":"array","monitoring_setup":"object","failover_procedure":"object"} |
| error_handling | {"common_errors":[{"code":"REP001","condition":"No primary in replica set","recovery":"Check member connectivity, verify election priority, review heartbeat"},{"code":"REP002","condition":"Replication lag too high","recovery":"Check oplog size, network latency, secondary hardware"},{"code":"REP003","condition":"Shard key causing hotspot","recovery":"Analyze chunk distribution, consider resharding with hashed key"}]} |
| prerequisites | {"mongodb_version":"4.0+","required_knowledge":["basic-administration","networking-basics"],"infrastructure_requirements":["Minimum 3 nodes for replica set","Minimum 3 config servers for sharding"]} |
| testing | {"unit_test_template":"// Verify replica set status\nconst status = await admin.command({ replSetGetStatus: 1 })\nexpect(status.members.filter(m => m.stateStr === 'PRIMARY')).toHaveLength(1)\nexpect(status.members.filter(m => m.stateStr === 'SECONDARY').length).toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(1)\n"} |
Master distributed MongoDB architectures.
# Start mongod instances with replica set config
mongod --replSet rs0 --port 27017
mongod --replSet rs0 --port 27018
mongod --replSet rs0 --port 27019
# Initiate replica set
mongo mongodb://localhost:27017
> rs.initiate({
_id: 'rs0',
members: [
{ _id: 0, host: 'localhost:27017', priority: 1 },
{ _id: 1, host: 'localhost:27018', priority: 0.5 },
{ _id: 2, host: 'localhost:27019', priority: 0 }
]
})
# Check replica set status
> rs.status()
Primary: Accepts reads and writes
Secondary: Replicates from primary, serves reads only
Arbiter: Participates in elections, no data
// Unacknowledged
await collection.insertOne(doc, { writeConcern: { w: 0 } })
// Acknowledged (single node)
await collection.insertOne(doc, { writeConcern: { w: 1 } })
// Majority
await collection.insertOne(doc, { writeConcern: { w: 'majority' } })
// Majority with timeout
await collection.insertOne(doc, {
writeConcern: { w: 'majority', wtimeout: 5000 }
})
// Read from primary only (default)
find().()
().()
().()
().()
().()
# Start config servers
mongod --configsvr --dbpath /data/config0 --port 27019
mongod --configsvr --dbpath /data/config1 --port 27020
mongod --configsvr --dbpath /data/config2 --port 27021
# Start mongos router
mongos --configdb localhost:27019,localhost:27020,localhost:27021
# Start shard servers
mongod --shardsvr --dbpath /data/shard0 --port 27017
mongod --shardsvr --dbpath /data/shard1 --port 27018
// Enable sharding on database
sh.enableSharding('myapp')
// Shard collection with key
sh.shardCollection('myapp.users', { email: 1 })
// Hash-based sharding (better distribution)
sh.shardCollection('myapp.logs', { userId: 'hashed' })
// Compound shard key
sh.shardCollection('myapp.events', { tenantId: 1, timestamp: 1 })
// Get sharding status
sh.status()
// Get shard information
db.adminCommand({ listShards: 1 })
// Get chunk distribution
sh.balancerStatus()
// Trigger election (step down)
rs.stepDown()
// View election status
rs.status()
// Check oplog
db.oplog.rs.find().sort({ ts: -1 }).limit(5)
// Check replica set members lag
rs.status().members
// Monitor oplog length
db.oplog.rs.find().limit(1).sort({ $natural: -1 })
// Multi-document transaction
const session = client.startSession();
try {
await session.withTransaction(async () => {
await users.insertOne({ name: 'John' }, { session });
await accounts.insertOne({ userId: '...', balance: 100 }, { session });
});
} finally {
await session.endSession();
}
from pymongo import MongoClient
# Connect to replica set
client = MongoClient('mongodb://localhost:27017,localhost:27018,localhost:27019/?replicaSet=rs0')
# Write concern
collection.insert_one(
{'name': 'John'},
write_concern=WriteConcern(w='majority')
)
# Read preference
collection.find().with_options(
read_preference=ReadPreference.SECONDARY
)
✅ Check replica set status regularly ✅ Monitor replication lag ✅ Watch chunk migration progress ✅ Monitor oplog size ✅ Alert on member failures ✅ Track failover events ✅ Monitor balancer activity ✅ Check data distribution