// Exact match (implicit)
where: { email: 'alice@prisma.io' }

// Explicit equals
where: { email: { equals: 'alice@prisma.io' } }

// Not equal
where: { email: { not: 'alice@prisma.io' } }

Comparison

// Greater than
where: { age: { gt: 18 } }

// Greater than or equal
where: { age: { gte: 18 } }

// Less than
where: { age: { lt: 65 } }

// Less than or equal
where: { age: { lte: 65 } }

// Combined
where: { age: { gte: 18, lte: 65 } }

Lists

// In array
where: { role: { in: ['ADMIN', 'MODERATOR'] } }

// Not in array
where: { role: { notIn: ['GUEST', 'BANNED'] } }

String Filters

// Contains
where: { email: { contains: 'prisma' } }

// Starts with
where: { email: { startsWith: 'alice' } }

// Ends with
where: { email: { endsWith: '@prisma.io' } }

// Case-insensitive (default for some databases)
where: { 
  email: { 
    contains: 'PRISMA',
    mode: 'insensitive' 
  } 
}

Null Checks

// Is null
where: { deletedAt: null }

// Is not null
where: { deletedAt: { not: null } }

// Using isSet (for optional fields)
where: { middleName: { isSet: true } }

Logical Operators

AND (implicit)

// Multiple conditions = AND
where: {
  email: { contains: '@prisma.io' },
  role: 'ADMIN'
}

AND (explicit)

where: {
  AND: [
    { email: { contains: '@prisma.io' } },
    { role: 'ADMIN' }
  ]
}

OR

where: {
  OR: [
    { email: { contains: '@gmail.com' } },
    { email: { contains: '@prisma.io' } }
  ]
}

NOT

where: {
  NOT: {
    role: 'GUEST'
  }
}

// Multiple NOT conditions
where: {
  NOT: [
    { role: 'GUEST' },
    { verified: false }
  ]
}

Combined

where: {
  AND: [
    { verified: true },
    {
      OR: [
        { role: 'ADMIN' },
        { role: 'MODERATOR' }
      ]
    }
  ],
  NOT: { deletedAt: { not: null } }
}

Relation Filters

some

At least one related record matches:

// Users with at least one published post
where: {
  posts: {
    some: { published: true }
  }
}

every

All related records match:

// Users where all posts are published
where: {
  posts: {
    every: { published: true }
  }
}

none

No related records match:

// Users with no published posts
where: {
  posts: {
    none: { published: true }
  }
}

is / isNot (1-to-1)

// Users with profile in specific country
where: {
  profile: {
    is: { country: 'USA' }
  }
}

// Users without profile
where: {
  profile: {
    isNot: null
  }
}

Array Field Filters

For fields like String[]:

// Has element
where: { tags: { has: 'typescript' } }

// Has some elements
where: { tags: { hasSome: ['typescript', 'javascript'] } }

// Has every element
where: { tags: { hasEvery: ['typescript', 'prisma'] } }

// Is empty
where: { tags: { isEmpty: true } }

JSON Filters

// Path-based filter
where: {
  metadata: {
    path: ['settings', 'theme'],
    equals: 'dark'
  }
}

// String contains in JSON
where: {
  metadata: {
    path: ['bio'],
    string_contains: 'developer'
  }
}

Full-Text Search

// Requires @@fulltext index
where: {
  content: {
    search: 'prisma database'
  }
}