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Design logging, metrics, tracing, and alerting that make systems debuggable in production
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基于 SOC 职业分类
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| name | observability-and-monitoring |
| description | Design logging, metrics, tracing, and alerting that make systems debuggable in production |
| difficulty | senior |
| domains | ["general"] |
A system you cannot observe is a system you cannot debug. Observability is not a dashboard — it is the ability to answer any question about system behavior using existing data, without deploying new code. This skill implements the three pillars (logs, metrics, traces) and the alerts that page you before users notice.
/ship workflowSLI (Service Level Indicator): what you measure — latency, error rate, availability, throughput. SLO (Service Level Objective): the target — "p99 latency < 500ms," "error rate < 0.1%."
Without SLOs, you don't know when to alert.
Implement the four golden signals for every service:
Add business metrics: active users, signups, payments, key conversions.
/healthz — is the service alive?/readyz — is the service ready to accept traffic?Alert on symptoms (user impact), not causes (CPU high):
Do NOT alert on:
Every alert must have a runbook.
Build one dashboard per service with:
For each alert: what does it mean, what is the likely cause, what are the first 3 debugging steps, what is the escalation path?
"We'll add monitoring after we know what's important to monitor" By the time you know what's important to monitor, you've already had the incident that taught you.
"Logs are enough — we don't need metrics" Logs tell you what happened. Metrics tell you what is happening right now at scale.